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Neraudia kauaiensis

(Hillebr.) R.S.Cowan (1949)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Rosales Family: Urticaceae Genus: Neraudia

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs up to 5 m tall.

Stems: Branches pubescent with erect or spreading hairs.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades elliptic, elliptic–ovate, or broadly ovate, 6.5–18 cm long, 3.5–7 cm wide. Apex abruptly acuminate to long-acuminate. Base rounded to subcordate, rarely broadly cuneate. Upper surfaces sparsely to densely pubescent with appressed to spreading or erect, curved or wavy hairs 0.3–0.6 mm long, the tuft of hairs at leaf base primarily erect; lower surfaces moderately pubescent with erect or spreading, curved or nearly straight, white or gray, randomly or apically directed hairs 0.4–0.8 mm long, some hairs uncinate, more densely pubescent along the veins; blades thin; blades grayish to greenish on lower surface. Margins entire. Palmately 3-veined from base. Petioles 1–7 cm long, densely pubescent with straight, erect hairs. Stipules small, intrapetiolar.

Flowers: Flowers in axillary clusters, staminate flowers on pedicels 0–2.5 mm long; pistillate flowers sessile. Flowers unisexual (and the plants dioecious), actinomorphic. Calyx of staminate flowers lobes 4, boat-shaped, pubescent with nearly straight, ascending hairs, lobes 3–4 mm long, apex long–acuminate, coherent in bud, separating at anthesis; pistillate Calyx connate into perigynium, densely pubescent with ascending hairs, apex 4-toothed, the teeth acute to acuminate. Corolla (petals) absent. Stamens in staminate flower 4, staminal filaments folded elastically in bud, reflexed when pollen is shed, strap–shaped, 2–5 mm long; anthers reniform, dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Pollen white. Ovary superior (pistillate flowers), pseudomonomerous, 1-celled; ovule 1, basal; style 1; stigma ca. 6 mm long, receptive all around. Staminate flowers, ovary vestigial and sterile, pistillode obovoid–urceolate.

Fruit: Achenes ca. 2 mm long; apical portion conical; not separated from basal portion by a constriction. Seeds 1 per achene; ovoid.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Diverse mesic forest.

Elevation Range: 620–1,070 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • 620-1,070 m
  • Description digitized by Tiffany Flood
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii

Bibliography

Name Published In: Pacific Sci. 3: 259 (1949)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1303 (K)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 52 Kauai BISH 1909-07-17
2 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 17111 Kauai BISH 1916-10-01
3 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details open woods, steep slope Preserved_Specimen perianth globose apiculate, green; anthers white, 15' diffuse shrub St.John, H. 13827 Kauai BISH 1933-12-28
4 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Diospyros sandwicensis, Psydrax odorata, Styphelia, Metrosideros, Dodonaea viscosa, Pouteria sandwicensis, Neraudia, Grevillea robusta, Lantana camara, Psidium guajava, Psidium cattleianum, Sida fallax, Acacia koa Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 8793 Kauai BISH 2000-12-05
5 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details sunny gulch Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 27460 Kauai BISH 1960-11-15
6 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details open woods, steep slope Preserved_Specimen perianth subglobose, shor apiculate, green; berries red; leaves above dark green, beneath light; shrub 18 ft. x 4 in. St.John, H. 13828 Kauai BISH 1933-12-28
7 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details sunny gulch Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 27459 Kauai BISH 1960-11-15
8 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dryland forest Preserved_Specimen 3 ft shrub Christensen, C. 127 Kauai BISH 1977-02-02
9 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Acacia koa-Metrosideros mesic forest Dodonaea viscosa, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Dianella sandwicensis, Chrysodracon aurea, Poa sandvicensis, Dubautia laevigata, Kadua knudsenii, Cibotium, Elaeocarpus bifidus, Panicum nephelophilim, Phy Preserved_Specimen Shrub 3 meter ht with flowers and immature fruit. Perlman, S. 24750 Kauai BISH 2015-12-23
10 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details steep dry slope Preserved_Specimen 10' shrub St.John, H. 13829 Kauai BISH 1933-12-28
11 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Waiahuli Stream, patches in lower forest under Acacia Preserved_Specimen 1-3 m. tall, leaves bright green above, pale green below St.John, H. 24897 Kauai BISH 1952-12-28
12 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Diospyros-Acacia-Metrosideros montane mesic forest. w/Diospyros sandwicensis, D. hillebrandii, Alphitonia ponderosa, Pisonia sandwicensis, Dodonaea viscosa, Pleomele aurea, Psychotria mariniana, Kadua affinis, Coprosma waimeae, C. foliosa, Myrsine lan Preserved_Specimen tree, 1.5 m tall, well branched, on vertical wall of side gulch, with fruit (red), single plant with Peucedanum sandwicensis, Poa mannii, Dubatia microcephala. Wood, K.R. 15912 Kauai BISH 2014-04-03
13 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Acacia mixed mesic forest w/ Dubautia laevigata, Kadua affinis, Cheirodendron spp., Dianella sandwicensis, Poa sandwicensis, Bidens cosmoides, Peperomia membranacea, Microlepia strigosa, Dryopteris fuscoatra, Cyanea leptostegi Preserved_Specimen Tree, 2.25 m tall, trunk gray, well branched, with flower, female, mapped. Wood, K.R. 16539 Kauai BISH 2015-07-14
14 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen small shrub; axillary flowers; leaves grey-green, pubescences on both surfaces Dunn, L. 165 Kauai BISH 2003-04-17
15 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Shrub 4 meter ht with fruit Perlman, S. 22408 Kauai BISH 2011-02-15
16 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen male Hobdy, R.W. 1818 Kauai BISH 1983-08-22
17 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 5323 Kauai BISH 1909-01-01
18 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Heller, A.A. 2881 Kauai BISH 1895-09-10
19 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen shrub 3.3 m high; flowers green Chock, A.K. 390 Kauai BISH 1952-02-05
20 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 5323 Kauai BISH 1909-01-01
21 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Heller, A.A. 2881 Kauai BISH 1895-09-10
22 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 27459 Kauai BISH 1960-11-15
23 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 5922 Kauai BISH 1909-01-01
24 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1079 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
25 Neraudia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 5323 Kauai BISH 1909-01-01
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