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Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Asterales Family: Campanulaceae Genus: Clermontia

‘ōhā, ‘ōhā wai, hāhā

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Epiphytic shrubs or trees.

Stems: Stems branched repeatedly, spreading, light gray or light brown, glabrous or rarely pubescent, with numerous helically arranged leaf scars near apex, pith solid, latex white, viscous.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades 13–20 cm long, 3–5 cm wide. Apex acuminate or cuspidate. Base cuneate, obtuse, or rounded. Lower surfaces green suffused with purple, especially on the veins. Margins callose–crenulate. Petioles 4–6 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in peduncle 1.4–1.7 cm long; pedicels 3–4.5 cm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect), epigynous, zygomorphic, resupinate, protandrous. Hypanthium 1–1.5 cm long, 1–1.5 cm in diameter, hemispheric or obconic, glabrous. Calyx lobes 1–2 mm long, 0.5–1 mm wide, triangular; apex acute or acuminate. Corolla 5–7.2 cm long, unilabiate, dark purple, glossy; tube 0.9–1.3 cm in diameter. Stamens 5, syngenesious, alternate with the corolla lobes, staminal column strongly exserted, erect or suberect; anthers connate, dithecal, opening introrsely by longitudinal slits, dark purple or rarely greenish white, the 3 dorsal ones a little longer than the 2 ventral ones, the latter with tufts of stiff white trichomes at apex, rarely so on the surfaces, the tube 1.7–1.8 cm long, 3.5–4.5 mm in diameter, glabrous or sparingly pubescent along sutures and near apex; filaments connate above, free from the corolla, 4.8–6.3 cm long, dark purple or rarely greenish white, glabrous. Pollen tricolporate, prolate, ellipsoidal. Ovary inferior, 2-carpellate, 2-loculed; ovule placentation axile, placentae large; style slender, terete (cylindrical), with a ring of stiff white hairs near apex; stigma 2-lobed, the lobes appressed and non–receptive as the style grows through the anther tube, pushing out pollen, after which the stigmas spread and become receptive.

Fruit: Berries 2.5–3 cm long; subglobose. Seeds numerous; tiny; dark brown or black; minutely foveate–reticulate; shiny; with a straight; short to spatulate dicotyledonous embryo embedded in oily endosperm.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Windward slopes of Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa; epiphytic on <i>Metrosideros polymorpha; Acacia koa</i>; and other large trees in montane rain forests.

Elevation Range: 530–1150 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:435 (EM, H [as C. peleana]); Lammers 1991:34 (remove EM [reIDed as C. peleana subsp. singuliflora], KEY, DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8800 Hawaii BISH 1911-07-01
2 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 720 Hawaii BISH 1915-06-05
3 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 12846 Hawaii BISH 1917-08-30
4 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Fls. blackish-purple; lvs red veined, smooth, shiny below, bright green, shiny above; sap milky. Many plants of this species at this location. Lindsey, T. Hawaii BISH 1957-06-09
5 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8800 Hawaii BISH 1911-07-11
6 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 653 Hawaii BISH 1915-06-02
7 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8800 Hawaii BISH 1911-07-01
8 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8800 Hawaii BISH 1911-07-01
9 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8800 Hawaii BISH 1911-07-01
10 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8800 Hawaii BISH 1911-07-01
11 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 12846 Hawaii BISH 1917-08-30
12 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet koa-ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern, native shrub understory. 5 m up on large ohia tree on the N bank of the river. Preserved_Specimen Epiphyte. Jacobi, J.D. 1586 Hawaii BISH 1982-06-24
13 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8800 Hawaii BISH 1911-07-01
14 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8800 Hawaii BISH 1911-07-01
15 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1912-07-01
16 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1912-07-01
17 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1911-07-01
18 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1917-08-30
19 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet ohia forest with other native trees and a tree fern and native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen 3 m tall. Epiphytic on Metrosideros above stream. Sterile. Leaves only. Warshauer, F.R. 1547 Hawaii BISH 1977-11-20
20 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing with Metrosideros polymorpha, Pittosporum hawaiiense, Cheirodendron trigynum subsp. Trigynum subsp. Tribynum, Ilex anomala, Hedychium gardnerianum, Coprosma spp. Preserved_Specimen Large, multi-branched, individual growing epiphytically on ohia, approximately 3 meters off the ground. Datlof, E. 60 Hawaii BISH 2021-02-16
21 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet Koa- ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern, native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen Epiphytic on Metrosideros, 3 m. up, Diam. 9cm, Ht. 3.5 m.; 34 branches Warshauer, F.R. 1586 Hawaii BISH 1977-12-05
22 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet Koa- ohia forest with other native trees an exotic and native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen 4 - 5 cm Bd; 2+m tall. Epiphyte 12 m up on Metrosideros. Mature fruit. Warshauer, F.R. 1575 Hawaii BISH 1977-11-29
23 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros Montane wet Forest. Preserved_Specimen Epiphytic 7 m up Metrosideros; 3 m tall, vigourously branching; ca 4 plants in area; leaves glossy, dark green on surface, nerves purple; calyx green with purple tinge; corolla blackish purple. Wood, K.R. 2499 Hawaii BISH 1993-06-03
24 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet Koa- ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern, native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen 9 cm dia; 3.5 m tall. Epiphitic 3 m up on Metrosideros. Mature fruit. Warshauer, F.R. 1586 Hawaii BISH 1977-12-05
25 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In wet Metrosideros rainforest. Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 4867 Hawaii BISH 1983-07-27
26 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Along pole line. Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1957-11-29
27 Clermontia peleana subsp. peleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Fls. purplish-black; petiole and all veins of leaves reddish purple. Shipman, H.C. Hawaii BISH 1957-07-02
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