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Schizostachyum glaucifolium

(Rupr.) Munro (1868)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Poaceae Genus: Schizostachyum

‘ohe, ‘ohe Hawai‘i [ohe Hawaii]

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form:

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves:

Flowers:

Fruit:

Ploidy:

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

  • As a treatment for kolekole ‘a‘ai (festering raw sores), puho (abcesses), and pu‘upu‘u nunui, the ashes of the ‘ohe are combined with powdered ‘ahu‘awa (Cyperus javanicus) and lama (Diospyros spp.), as well as the sap of green kukui fruits (Aleurites moluccana) and ripe milikana (papaya, Carica papaya); this is applied topically. For a sharp pain in the stomach and pain associated with profuse sweating, powdered ‘ohe os mixed with water and consumed (Chun 1994:223).

  • The long, hollow culms (stalks) of the ‘ohe were used in numerous ways. As musical instruments: the ka‘eke‘eke are lengths of 'ohe struck on the ground to produce a hollow deep sound (Krauss 1993:81) and short lengths with nodes also used for ‘ohe hano ihu (nose flutes) (Buck 1964:390–391). Also, pieces with nodes (40-60 cm long) were used to make pu'ili (split-bamboo rattles) used in hula (Abbott 1992:120; Krauss 1993:81). Frame for houses, fishing rods, racing sleds, used as irrigation pipes, used to make knives and needles, kapa design sticks (lapa) and stamps (‘ohe kalapa) (Abbott 1993:52–54; Lucas 1982: 13). In net-making, ‘ohe can be used for net spacers and net shuttles or hi‘a ka ‘upena (Krauss 1993:35).

  • Yes

CULTURE

  • Legend of Kalaipahoa (Beckwith 1970:111). "Myth of Haumea as Patroness of Childbirth" (Beckwith 1970:283). "Story of the Bambu"- Hina from Kahiki brings it to Hawaii and when Maui cuts his hands on it turns the sharp edges inward (Fornanader [v.5 part iii]1919:588).

  • Kinolau of Kāne

  • Kuikuilaumania/Homaikaohe (Hilo): fine, large ohe, used particularly for cicumcising; Halai (Hilo)- used for fishing rods.

Natural History

Statewide Status

Only found in cultivation

Island Status

Kaua'i Only found in cultivation
O'ahu Only found in cultivation
Molokai Only found in cultivation
Maui Only found in cultivation
Hawai'i Only found in cultivation

Dispersal Agents

Wind

Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Trans. Linn. Soc. London 26: 137 (1868)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1591 (K, O, Mo, M, H); Staples & Herbst 2005:742 (KEY), 751 (DESCR); Whistler 2009:187 (exclude from checklist, plants found on landscape are relicts of former cult. as Haw'n plants rarely make seed)

Laau Hawaii (Abbott) p.15

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Waimanalo Forest Reserve, Maunawili Preserved_Specimen Open clump bamboo, 50 ft average ht, 2.5 in av diam, culms light green, brs. 2/3 above ground, sheaths coll at 5th node. Sheaths on juv culm from ground to very top. Flowers and mature leaves. Landgraf, M.F. 25 Oahu BISH 1951-03-16
2 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Wailau Valley Preserved_Specimen Tight clumps 6 m diam; culms crowded 8-30 cm. apart; inter-nodes up to 1 m long; blades frim, chartaceous, dark green; fertile culms slender, separate up to 8 m long, culms green, drying yellowish; pubescence brownish, deciduous. St.John, H. 25274 Molokai BISH 1953-12-31
3 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Waimanalo Forest Reserve, Maunawili Preserved_Specimen Open clump bamboo, 50 ft average ht, 2.5 in av diam, culms light green, brs. 2/3 above ground, sheaths coll at 5th node. Sheaths on juv culm from ground to very top. Flowers and mature leaves. Landgraf, M.F. 25 Oahu BISH 1951-03-16
4 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Waimanalo Forest Reserve, Maunawili Preserved_Specimen Open clump bamboo, 50 ft average ht, 2.5 in av diam, culms light green, brs. 2/3 above ground, sheaths coll at 5th node. Sheaths on juv culm from ground to very top. Flowers and mature leaves. Landgraf, M.F. 25 Oahu BISH 1951-03-16
5 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Honolulu, Makiki Nursery Preserved_Specimen Clump bamboo, culms 2.5 in x 50 ft, light green. Landgraf, M.F. 25 Oahu BISH 1951-01-02
6 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Waipi'o Valley, along stream bank below two falls Preserved_Specimen Pachymorphic; vegetative culms light green, thin walled, 30-40 ft tall; flowering culms smaller, shorter 8-10 feet Herbst, D.R. 232 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-11
7 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Honolulu, Makiki Nursery Preserved_Specimen Clump bamboo, culms 1.5 in x 36 ft, light green. Landgraf, M.F. 21 Oahu BISH 1951-01-02
8 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Na Pali Coast, Kalalau Trail, Valley adjacent to Hanakapiai Preserved_Specimen Tall clumped bamboos. Stone, B.C. 3757 Kauai BISH 1961-08-14
9 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Na Pali Coast, Kalalau Trail, Valley adjacent to Hanakapiai Preserved_Specimen Tall clumped bamboos. Stone, B.C. 3757 Kauai BISH 1961-08-14
10 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Maunaihi at swimming hole Preserved_Specimen Leaves olive green, slightly lighter beneath, firm chartaceous, plain, flat; sheaths from 3rd. node above ground; bases overlapping. St.John, H. 23554 Oahu BISH 1949-02-01
11 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Waimalu, Ewa District Preserved_Specimen 45 ft ht. Grant, M.L. 7343 Oahu BISH 1934-09-09
12 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Maunaihi at swimming hole Preserved_Specimen Leaves olive green, slightly lighter beneath, firm chartaceous, plain, flat; sheaths from 3rd. node above ground; bases overlapping. St.John, H. 23554 Oahu BISH 1949-02-01
13 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Waimanalo Forest Reserve, Maunawili Preserved_Specimen Open clump bamboo, 50 ft average ht, 2.5 in av diam, culms light green, brs. 2/3 above ground, sheaths coll at 5th node. Sheaths on juv culm from ground to very top. Culm sheaths. Landgraf, M.F. 25 Oahu BISH 1951-03-16
14 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Waimanalo Forest Reserve, Maunawili Preserved_Specimen Open clump bamboo, 50 ft average ht, 2.5 in av diam, culms light green, brs. 2/3 above ground, sheaths coll at 5th node. Sheaths on juv culm from ground to very top. Juvenile leaves. 7 flowers. Landgraf, M.F. 25 Oahu BISH 1951-03-16
15 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Maunaihi at swimming hole Preserved_Specimen Leaves olive green, slightly lighter beneath, firm chartaceous, plain, flat; sheaths from 3rd. node above ground; bases overlapping. St.John, H. 23554 Oahu BISH 1949-02-01
16 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Nuaailua valley along highway Preserved_Specimen Clump Bamboo 8 m tall; culms 4-5 cm in diam. Pale green leaves, large. Hobdy, R.W. 2905 Maui BISH 1987-07-28
17 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Maunaihi at swimming hole Preserved_Specimen Leaves olive green, slightly lighter beneath, firm chartaceous, plain, flat; sheaths from 3rd. node above ground; bases overlapping. St.John, H. 23554 Oahu BISH 1949-02-01
18 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Maunaihi at swimming hole Preserved_Specimen Leaves olive green, slightly lighter beneath, firm chartaceous, plain, flat; sheaths from 3rd. node above ground; bases overlapping. St.John, H. 23554 Oahu BISH 1949-02-01
19 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Kalaupapa NHP, Waikolu, pumping station rd, nr first pump, Waikolu trans 1 Preserved_Specimen Large arborescent bamboo Wysong, M.L. 736 Molokai BISH 2005-03-29
20 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Waimanalo Forest Reserve, Maunawili Preserved_Specimen Open clump bamboo, 50 ft average ht, 2.5 in av diam, culms light green, brs. 2/3 above ground, sheaths coll at 5th node. Sheaths on juv culm from ground to very top. Culm sheaths. Landgraf, M.F. 25 Oahu BISH 1951-03-16
21 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Kawaihau Dist.; along N fork of Wailua River, along trail to gaging station Preserved_Specimen Caespitose large bamboo, climbs to 12 m tall, to 6 cm diam; new shoots emerging, some full ht., tips of mature culms arching in semicircular arc, new culms sparsely covered w/transparent hairs, foliage drooping. Rueter, L. 28 Kauai BISH 1994-12-03
22 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Maunaihi at swimming hole Preserved_Specimen Leaves olive green, slightly lighter beneath, firm chartaceous, plain, flat; sheaths from 3rd. node above ground; bases overlapping. St.John, H. 23554 Oahu BISH 1949-02-01
23 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Kahaluu Preserved_Specimen Thin-walled bamboo growing in clumps. Mitchell, D.D. Oahu BISH 1954-12-01
24 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Nakihu Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Maui BISH 1911-05-01
25 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Na Pali Coast, Kalalau trail, Waiahuakua Valley By shaded stream. Preserved_Specimen Tall bamboos in fruit & flower. Stone, B.C. 840 Kauai BISH 1955-06-18
26 Schizostachyum glaucifolium unknown Preserved_Specimen Nagata, K.M. 1085 BISH 1972-11-26
27 Schizostachyum glaucifolium unknown Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. 622 BISH 1864-01-01
28 Schizostachyum glaucifolium unknown Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. BISH
29 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Hanakapiai, W of Hoalulu Valley Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 25545 Kauai BISH 1955-06-18
30 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Waipio Valley, behind Peace Corps Building On bank of stream leading to twin falls. Preserved_Specimen Thin-walled, light green culms 30 to 40 ft. tall. Open clumps. Fruiting culms smaller, shorter-from base of plant. Herbst, D.R. 232 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-11
31 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Kawailoa Gulch, Koolau Mts, 6th trail crossing of lower portion of Kawainui Stream On side of gulch in assoc. w/ Aleurites & Hibiscus tiliaceus Preserved_Specimen A large grove, possibly 100+ yards, to 20 ft ht & 4-4 in diam. Canes blue-green when in dense shade, thin walled, internodes long. Nagata, K.M. 1085 Oahu BISH 1972-11-26
32 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Kahaluu Mauka, Kamehameha Schools Forest. Preserved_Specimen Thin-walled bamboo. Amy Greenwell Ethnobotanical Garden Hawaii BISH 2003-10-13
33 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Waiohookalo Stream Mesic disturbed (primarily guava/ginger) forest heavily damaged by pigs & goats. Preserved_Specimen Clump-forming bamboo; stems green, ca. 4 m long, 4-6 cm. diam.; forming bulbils. Wagner, W.L. 5728 Molokai BISH 1987-07-31
34 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Na Pali Coast, W of Hoalulu Valley, Hanakapiai Moist wooded valley formerly inhabited by Hawaiians. Preserved_Specimen Clump 10 m x 5 m, flowering culms 2-4 m tall, weak [?], borne on the rhizomes. St.John, H. 25545 Kauai BISH 1955-06-18
35 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Na Pali Coast, Kalalau trail, Waiahuakua Valley By shaded stream. Preserved_Specimen Tall bamboos in fruit. Stone, B.C. 840 Kauai BISH 1955-06-18
36 Schizostachyum glaucifolium North Kohala District, Bond Historical Dist. E of Kapaau, adjacent to Pali Akamoa Gulch In overgrown forest between main Bond house and adjacent gulch to the west. Preserved_Specimen Large clumping bamboo, thin-walled, round in cross-section at nodes. Imada, C. 9949 Hawaii BISH 1999-09-01
37 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Limahuli Lower Preserve near the waterfall Wet forest Metrosideros polymorpha, Blechnum appendiculatum, Cyclosaurus interruptus Preserved_Specimen Medium sized clumping bamboo, 5-10m tall, with thin to medium walls; branches emerge from nodes; internodes 0.3-0.5m long; light to medium green in color Shores, N. 48 Kauai BISH 2012-01-30
38 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Na Pali COast, hanakapiai Valley Growing between the falls and stream. Preserved_Specimen A Small grove of approximately 400 sq. ft. growing to about 20' tall. Clarke, G. 353 Kauai BISH 1980-04-11
39 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Kahaluu Preserved_Specimen Thin-walled bamboo growing in clumps. Mitchell, D.D. Oahu BISH 1954-12-01
40 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Nuaailua valley along highway Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2905 Maui BISH 1987-07-28
41 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Maunaihi at swimming hole Preserved_Specimen Leaves olive green, slightly lighter beneath, firm chartaceous, plain, flat; sheaths from 3rd. node above ground; bases overlapping. St.John, H. 23554 Oahu BISH 1949-02-01
42 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Hanakapiai, Napali Coast Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10920 Kauai BISH 1930-12-31
43 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Hanakapiai, Napali Coast Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10920 Kauai BISH 1930-12-31
44 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Moanalua Valley Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1191 Oahu BISH 1909-03-09
45 Schizostachyum glaucifolium North Halawa Valley; BM Site # 50-0a-B1-92 Preserved_Specimen Woodward, L. 5 Oahu BISH 1992-12-14
46 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Hanakapiai, Napali Coast Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10920 Kauai BISH 1930-12-31
47 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Hanakapiai, Napali Coast Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10920 Kauai BISH 1930-12-31
48 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Nakihu Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Maui BISH 1911-05-01
49 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Nakihu Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Maui BISH 1911-05-01
50 Schizostachyum glaucifolium unknown Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. BISH
51 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Kahauiki Valley Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Oahu BISH 1909-03-09
52 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Waipio Valley, behind Peace Corps Building On bank of stream leading to twin falls. Preserved_Specimen Thin- walled,light green culms 30 to 40 ft. tall. Open clumps. Fruiting culms smaller, shorter-from base of plant. Herbst, D.R. 232 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-11
53 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Na Pali Coast, W of Hoalulu Valley, Hanakapiai Moist wooded valley formerly inhabited by Hawaiians. Preserved_Specimen Clump 10 m x 5 m, flowering culms 2-4 m tall, weak [?], borne on the rhizomes. St.John, H. 25545 Kauai BISH 1955-06-18
54 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Na Pali Coast, Hanakapiai Valley A small grove of approx. 400 sq ft betw the falls trail and stream. Preserved_Specimen Growing to about 20 ft ht. Clarke, G. 353 Kauai BISH 1980-04-11
55 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Mapulehu Valley Gregarious along dry slope of stream. Preserved_Specimen Fruiting stems usually from base of plant & smaller. Degener, O. 9136 Molokai BISH 1928-07-25
56 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Wainiha Valley By ancient taro patches. Preserved_Specimen Clump. St.John, H. 25996 Kauai BISH 1956-12-26
57 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Na Pali Coast, Hanakapiai Valley, between the falls trail and stream A small grove of approximately 400 sq ft. Preserved_Specimen Growing to about 20 ft tall. Clarke, G. 353 Kauai BISH 1980-04-11
58 Schizostachyum glaucifolium East Maui, Hana District, Hana Forest Reserve, Hana Ranch lands, Holoinawawae Gulch downslope from Puu Ki Disturbed forest with Ardisia elliptica, Cibotium glaucum, Miconia calvescens (and numerous seedlings), Psidium guajava, Dicranopteris linearis., Metrosideros polymorpha. Preserved_Specimen Large clump of 30-40 ft tall stems; old inflorescences collected. Imada, C. 200291 Maui BISH 2002-11-19
59 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Na Pali Coast, W of Hoalulu Valley, Hanakapiai Moist wooded valley formerly inhabited by Hawaiians. Preserved_Specimen Clump 10 m x 5 m, flowering culms 2-4 m tall, weak [?], borne on the rhizomes. St.John, H. 25545 Kauai BISH 1955-06-18
60 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Pelekunu Valley, lower reaches behind strand and along Pelekunu River Secoandary vegetation of Hibiscus tiliaceus, guava and introduced grasses and herbs. Locally abundant, covering large areas along river. Preserved_Specimen Rhizomatous perennial bamboo, culms 3-4 m tall.r. Lorence, D.H. 5473 Molokai BISH 1987-08-03
61 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Na Pali Coast, W of Hoalulu Valley, Hanakapiai Moist wooded valley formerly inhabited by Hawaiians. Preserved_Specimen Clump 10 m x 5 m, flowering culms 2-4 m tall, weak [?], borne on the rhizomes. St.John, H. 25545 Kauai BISH 1955-06-18
62 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Waipio Valley Along stream bank below twin falls. Most of the assocaietd riparian vegetation is comprized of exotic species. Preserved_Specimen Pachymorphic; vegetative light green, thin-walled, 30-40 feet tall; flowering culms smaller, shorter (8-10 ft.). Herbst, D.R. 232 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-11
63 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Waiahole Forest Reserve On wet bank by stream. Preserved_Specimen Judd, C.S. 19 Oahu BISH 1938-11-04
64 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Wailau Valley By stream in woods. Preserved_Specimen Big clump; culms 30 ft. high St.John, H. 13225 Molokai BISH 1933-07-03
65 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Waiohookalo Stream Mesic disturbed (primarily guava/ginger) forest heavily damaged by pigs & goats. Preserved_Specimen Clump-forming bamboo; stems green, ca. 4 m long, 4-6 cm. diam.; forming bulbils. Wagner, W.L. 5728 Molokai BISH 1987-07-31
66 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Mapulehu Valley Gregarious along dry slope of stream. Preserved_Specimen Fruiting stems usually from base of plant & smaller. Degener, O. 9136 Molokai BISH 1928-07-25
67 Schizostachyum glaucifolium East Maui, Hana District, Hana Forest Reserve, Hana Ranch lands, Holoinawawae Gulch downslope from Puu Ki Disturbed forest with Ardisia elliptica, Cibotium glaucum, Miconia calvescens (and numerous seedlings), Psidium guajava, Dicranopteris linearis., Metrosideros polymorpha. Preserved_Specimen Large clump of 30-40 ft tall stems; old inflorescences collected. Imada, C. 200291 Maui BISH 2002-11-19
68 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Na Pali Coast, Kalalau trail, Waiahuakua Valley By shaded stream. Preserved_Specimen Tall bamboos in fruit. Stone, B.C. 840 Kauai BISH 1955-06-18
69 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Koolau Mountains; Kipapa Gulch Along stream Preserved_Specimen Height 30-40 ft. Hosaka, E.Y. 834 Oahu BISH 1932-11-13
70 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Waimanalo Forest Reserve, on ridge extending from Koolau to Olomana. Partial - full sun ridge top Associated; Microsorum grossum, Syzygium cumini, Heptapleurum actinophyllum, Cordyline fruticosa, Citharexylum caudatum, Preserved_Specimen Clump appximately 8 meters wide, 7 meters at the tallest. Colms up to 5 cm diameter, internodes 30-90 cm long. green turning yellow brown at maturity. All dead colms colonized by sylariacious fungus. Clump forming. Rhizome shallow 2 cm below soil. Arthur, K. 96 Oahu BISH 2025-05-22
71 Schizostachyum glaucifolium Na Pali Coast, W of Hoalulu Valley, Hanakapiai Moist wooded valley formerly inhabited by Hawaiians. Preserved_Specimen Clump 10 m x 5 m, flowering culms 2-4 m tall, weak [?], borne on the rhizomes. St.John, H. 25545 Kauai BISH 1955-06-18
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