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Crotalaria incana

L. (1753)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Fabales Family: Fabaceae Genus: Crotalaria

fuzzy rattlepod, kolomona (Ni‘ihau via St. John), kūkaehoki [kukaehoki]

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Erect annual or suffrutescent perennial herbs.

Stems: Stems 2.5–13.3 dm long, weakly striate, usually spreading long–pubescent, taproot with slender branches, nodules often present.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves compound (trifoliolate). Alternate. Leaflets elliptic, ovate, or obovate, Leaflets 1–3 cm long, 1–2.5 cm wide. Apex rounded, often retuse or mucronate. Base rounded or broadly cuneate. Margins entire. Veins 3–6 on each side of midvein, both surfaces usually spreading long–pubescent. Petioles 20–80 mm long. Stipules triangular, 3–8 mm long, persistent or caducous.

Flowers: Flowers in racemes, flowers 8.5–16 mm long, 5–30 in leaf–opposed or terminal, lax to crowded inflorescences, rachis 5–23 cm long (incl. peduncle), bracts linear–triangular, 2–8 mm long, pendent, caducous or persistent. Flowers papilionaceous; bracteoles at apex of pedicel, linear to filiform. Calyx usually spreading long–pubescent, the tube 1.5–3 mm long, the lobes 4.5–12 mm long, lateral lobes distinct at apex. Calyx slightly bilabiate, the lobes shorter than to longer than the tube. Petals yellow, with age with red or brown lines near base, standard 8.5–16 mm long, 5–11.6 mm wide, wings oblong, 7–13 mm long, 2.5–5 mm wide, keel petals with non twisted short beak, margins lanate. Stamens 10, connate into a tube, the tube split at least at base on the upper side; anthers dimorphic, alternately long (and basifixed) and short (and versatile). Elongated anthers 1.5–2.5 mm long, short ones 0.5–0.9 mm long. Ovary superior.

Fruit: Pods tan or dark brown at maturity; 2.8–3.9 cm long; nonstipitate; spreading long–pubescent. Seeds ca. 40 per pod; brown or black; 1.8–3 mm long; smooth.

Ploidy: 2n = 14; 16

Habitat: Disturbed areas such as roadsides; pastures; and agricultural land.

Elevation Range: 0–410 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

  • Yes

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Ni'ihau(Incl. Lehua) Naturalized
Kuaihelani (Midway Atoll) Naturalized
Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Kaho'olawe Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Sp. Pl.: 716 (1753)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:660 (Mi, Ni, K, O, L, M, Ka, H); Hughes 1995:5 (Mo)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Crotalaria incana At base of trail to Kaluanui Valley, near an old homestead Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Oahu BISH 1978-03-21
2 Crotalaria incana East Maui, along upper Kula Road Preserved_Specimen Branching shrub to 1.4 mm tall. Hobdy, R.W. 2677 Maui BISH 1987-01-05
3 Crotalaria incana Manoa Valley, Honolulu Preserved_Specimen Br. woody herb; 0.5-1 m. Flower bright yellow. Ruderal Swarbrick, J.T. 47 Oahu BISH 1976-01-06
4 Crotalaria incana National Park, near Kilauea Military Camp Preserved_Specimen Shrub ~2'. Fagerlund, G.O. 276 Hawaii BISH 1943-01-27
5 Crotalaria incana Pohakea Trail Preserved_Specimen Whistler, W.A. 396 Oahu BISH 1982-05-27
6 Crotalaria incana U.H. Manoa campus Preserved_Specimen sub-shrub with yellow flowers and dark brown fruit Herbst, D.R. 5085 Oahu BISH 1974-10-23
7 Crotalaria incana Sea Level. Laie. SLope Flat Preserved_Specimen Herbs and shrubs. 3 leaflets. LEaves simple or palmately divided. Usually grows wild in mountain areas as weeds. Higuchi, G.T. 43 Oahu BISH 1971-05-14
8 Crotalaria incana Kipapa Gulch, Waipio moderately moist pineapple field Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 423 Oahu BISH 1931-06-18
9 Crotalaria incana East Maui, Ulupalakua Preserved_Specimen Pods furry. Yamada, T. Maui BISH 1962-06-04
10 Crotalaria incana Nuuanu Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1628 Oahu BISH 1911-01-04
11 Crotalaria incana Lanai Preserved_Specimen Miure, G.E. 375 Lanai BISH
12 Crotalaria incana Schofield firebreak, Waianae Preserved_Specimen Grant, M.L. 7493 Oahu BISH 1934-10-04
13 Crotalaria incana Kaliwauwaa Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 770 Oahu BISH 1908-12-03
14 Crotalaria incana Kaliwauwaa Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 768 Oahu BISH 1908-12-01
15 Crotalaria incana in and on the slopes of Makiki Preserved_Specimen Heller, A.A. 1966 Oahu BISH 1895-03-21
16 Crotalaria incana Moaula, among boulders Among boulders near Erythrina trees Preserved_Specimen Char, W.P. 78.027 Kahoolawe BISH 1978-11-22
17 Crotalaria incana Palolo Valley Preserved_Specimen Garber, D.W. 387 Oahu BISH 1920-04-25
18 Crotalaria incana Honolulu Preserved_Specimen Pukui, M.K. Oahu BISH 1931-01-01
19 Crotalaria incana P.T.B.G., Lawai Valley along roadsides Preserved_Specimen Herb with yellow flowers Herbst, D.R. 2288 Kauai BISH 1973-01-03
20 Crotalaria incana Konahuanui Preserved_Specimen Lyon, H.L. Oahu BISH 1909-11-07
21 Crotalaria incana Kaliuwaa Preserved_Specimen 767 Oahu BISH 1908-12-03
22 Crotalaria incana unknown Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. BISH
23 Crotalaria incana Hauula Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2376 Oahu BISH 1916-06-01
24 Crotalaria incana in and on the slopes of Makiki Preserved_Specimen Heller, A.A. 1966 Oahu BISH 1895-03-21
25 Crotalaria incana Kahuku sandy clay Preserved_Specimen 2-3'; woody base Smith, M. 4 Oahu BISH 1986-02-04
26 Crotalaria incana Southern Lanai, E of Manele Rd along former edge of plantation land dry, sunny , guinea grass dominated area. Rare, two plants seen in area. Very rare across the entire island Preserved_Specimen Faccenda, K. 3205 Lanai BISH 2023-06-23
27 Crotalaria incana Slope of Moaula, eastern-central part of island In Prosopis pallida, Andropogon pertusus scrub grassland Preserved_Specimen Shrub ~3' tall. Flowers yellow Cuddihy, L.W. 429 Kahoolawe BISH 1980-04-25
28 Crotalaria incana Paniau Grasslands and pastures Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 23584 Niihau BISH 1949-03-30
29 Crotalaria incana Honolulu District: Koko Head, E of Ihiihilauakea Crater entrance mixed with Cynodon dactylon Preserved_Specimen Bruegmann, M.M. 176 Oahu BISH 1985-05-05
30 Crotalaria incana along Hwy. 19 about 2 miles above Kailua-Kona weed of disturbed roadsides Preserved_Specimen Sub-shrub with yellow flowers. Fruit dark brown when mature Herbst, D.R. 5017 Hawaii BISH 1974-09-16
31 Crotalaria incana Kalamaula Game Management Area; lower part In coastal dry shrubland & lowland forest. Preserved_Specimen Erect many-branching shrub 1 m high; stem woody w/reddish brown color; lvs small & infrequent during dry season; pods fuzzy; seeds greenish; notably different from C. pallida. Hughes, G.D. Molokai BISH 1990-11-05
32 Crotalaria incana Kaalualu Bay near South Point grassy areas Preserved_Specimen Yellow flowered shrub Whistler, W.A. 71 Hawaii BISH 1972-04-06
33 Crotalaria incana King St. & Victoria street From crack in sidewalk Preserved_Specimen To 60cm tall. Uncommon along road, population of a few individuals Faccenda, K. 1657 Oahu BISH 2020-08-12
34 Crotalaria incana Ewa, Barber's Point along sugar cane field road Preserved_Specimen weed Hosaka, E.Y. 1356 Oahu BISH 1936-03-22
35 Crotalaria incana Brigham Young University - Hawaii Campus. Laie Soil: clay. Vegetation type: pasture. Preserved_Specimen Shrub with small yellow flowers. Tropical. Guinto, J. 24 Oahu BISH 1986-03-15
36 Crotalaria incana Waimea, Kekaha to Kokee State Park along road Preserved_Specimen Sub-shrub with yellow flowers Herbst, D.R. 5563 Kauai BISH 1975-11-18
37 Crotalaria incana Mokolii A few plants near coast on S side. Preserved_Specimen Starr, F. 5041917 Oahu BISH 2005-04-19
38 Crotalaria incana NE Lanai, Halulu Gulch On bare sandy soil in dry gully, with Emilia, Chamaecrista, Waltheria. Preserved_Specimen Flowers yellow; pods fuzzy. Imada, C. 200235 Lanai BISH 2002-07-22
39 Crotalaria incana Kaneohe Bay roadside Preserved_Specimen Forbes, A. Oahu BISH 1930-01-12
40 Crotalaria incana Kawaihau, Kapaa, Pelehu Street yard; garden weed Preserved_Specimen annual herb, flowers yellow Lorence, D.H. 5830 Kauai BISH 1988-03-06
41 Crotalaria incana Palawai, Kaluanui Flats Herb with yellow flowers. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 5800 Lanai BISH 1976-04-01
42 Crotalaria incana East Maui, W Slope of Haleakala Roadside in Haleakala National Park. Within the research barracks. Preserved_Specimen Medeiros, A.C. 294 Maui BISH 1983-10-20
43 Crotalaria incana Hauula roadside Preserved_Specimen herb Hume, E.P. 237 Oahu BISH 1931-10-15
44 Crotalaria incana SE part, W of Halona Point In Prosopis pallida scrub Preserved_Specimen Shrub ~2 ft. Corn, C. 201 Kahoolawe BISH 1980-04-25
45 Crotalaria incana Brigham Young University - Hawaii Campus. Laie Soil: Loam. Preserved_Specimen Erect sub-shrub 2-4 feet high. Each leaf consists of 3 leaflet. Small pea-like flowers, corolla. Yellow streaked with red. Lee, P. 49 Oahu BISH 1975-04-12
46 Crotalaria incana At Waiakalua Reservoir In abandoned pastureland. Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. 828 Kauai BISH 1982-04-30
47 Crotalaria incana Spencer Field, Honokaa Sugar Co., Hamakua edge of cane field, among sparse herbs Preserved_Specimen 12-24 tall, corolla pale yellow Tomich, P.Q. 893 Hawaii BISH 1960-02-24
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