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Dracaena forbesii

(O.Deg.) Jankalski (2008)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Asparagales Family: Asparagaceae Genus: Dracaena

hala pepe, le‘ie [leie]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Trees 3–7 m tall.

Stems: Usually few–branched.

Roots: Fibrous root system.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate, spiral. Blades linear, gradually tapering from near middle, 24–37 cm long, 0.5–0.7(–1.2) cm wide. Base sessile. Blades subcoriaceous. Margins entire. Veins parallel. Sessile. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in panicles narrow, slightly glaucous, ca. 15–35 cm long, the lower lateral branches ca. 3–8 cm long, peduncles 7–12 cm long, abruptly recurved. Flowers bisexual (perfect); pedicels 7–14 mm long. Perianth greenish yellow, somewhat glaucous and translucent, 52–60 mm long, tube 36–41 mm long, constricted basal part ca. 3–4.5 mm long, lobes slightly spreading, 13–16 mm long. Stamens 6; anthers 4–6 mm long. Ovary superior, 3-celled; ovules 1 per cell; style filiform; stigma capitate or slightly lobed.

Fruit: Berries red; ca. 10–11 mm long. Seeds 1–3; 7–9 mm long.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Occurring in dry forest and diverse mesic forest.

Elevation Range: 240–730 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

O'ahu Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Sansevieria 18: 21 (2008)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1352 (O [as Pleomele forbesii]); Jankalski 2008:21 (COMBNOV, Syn. P. forbesii = Dracaena forbesii); Lu & Morden 2014:101 (COMBNOV, Syn. P. forbesii = Chrysodracon forbesii); Takawira-Nyenya et al. 2018 (Syn. C. forbesii = D. forbesii)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Dracaena forbesii on dry ridge Preserved_Specimen Swezey, O.H. Oahu BISH 1932-10-23
2 Dracaena forbesii on dry ridge Preserved_Specimen Swezey, O.H. Oahu BISH 1932-10-23
3 Dracaena forbesii Waianae Range, off Waianae Kai-Makaha ridge on Makaha side, ca. 30 m below crest on edge of vertical cliff face, north facing Preserved_Specimen Obata, J.K. Oahu BISH 1970-04-01
4 Dracaena forbesii Waianae Kai. Hakalau Forest Nat. Wildlife Refuge, along roadside just above Nauhi Camp Preserved_Specimen Obata, J.K. Oahu BISH 1992-05-24
5 Dracaena forbesii [Hawaiian Islands; U.S.A.; O`ahu; Hawai`i; Honolulu] Preserved_Specimen Bryan, W.A. Oahu BISH
6 Dracaena forbesii [Hawaiian Islands; U.S.A.; O`ahu; Hawai`i; Honolulu] Preserved_Specimen Obata, J.K. Oahu BISH
7 Dracaena forbesii Wilhelmina Rise, W side of ridge Dry scrub w Lantana, Schinus, Canthium, Psidium guajava, Reynoldsia, etc. Preserved_Specimen tree 10 ft X 10 in; no fls or fr. Hatheway, W.H. 2 Oahu BISH 1950-05-30
8 Dracaena forbesii Southern slope of Kahanahaiki Valley dry region Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 5550 Oahu BISH 1931-11-01
9 Dracaena forbesii middle Palawai Ridge dry forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 11122 Oahu BISH 1936-05-12
10 Dracaena forbesii Waianae Mts., Puu Kaua, S branch of N. fork of Ekahahui Gulch lower dry forest Preserved_Specimen tree 7 m X 3 dm.; fl gn-yel. St.John, H. 21535 Oahu BISH 1946-03-17
11 Dracaena forbesii Kaua mesic slopes with weedy grasses and Schinus Preserved_Specimen one of several conspicuous inds. in early flw. Takeuchi, W.N. 3529 Oahu BISH 1987-04-25
12 Dracaena forbesii E fork of Kawela Valley dry foothills Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 5554 Oahu BISH 1928-05-05
13 Dracaena forbesii Schofield Barracks Military Reservation, Wahiawa, Waianae Mt. Range mixed mesic forest (dry) & (moist) Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 5413 Oahu BISH 1977-02-20
14 Dracaena forbesii Upper Makaha Valley, Waianae Kai Forest Reserve, Waianae Range Off crest of Makaha-Waianae Kai Ridge, opp side of upper reaches of Kumaipo stream; along ridge top near the two pinnacle rocks but slightly below it; associated with native trees. Preserved_Specimen flws yel when younge and in a few days turn orange. Obata, J.K. 85572 Oahu BISH 1985-07-14
15 Dracaena forbesii Puu Kaua, Ekahanui gulch, in subgulch on S side of Ekahanui In Oahu diverse mesic forest with Alectryon, Elaeocarpus, Pouteria, Antidesma, Pisonia, Charpentiera, Melicope, Freycinetia, Claoxylon, Hibiscus, Pipturus, Passiflora suberosa, Labordia, Platydesma, Athyrium sandwichianum, Neraudia. Preserved_Specimen Trees with flowers. Perlman, S. 6114 Oahu BISH 1987-06-28
16 Dracaena forbesii Keaau Valley, S side of valley S side of valley, on slopes in mostly alien vegetation with Sapindus, Rauvolfia, Erythrina, Diospyros, Reynoldsia, Leucaena leucocephala, Passiflora suberosa, Panicum maximum. Preserved_Specimen Scattered trees about 20-30 seen, with fruit. Perlman, S. 5579 Oahu BISH 1987-04-09
17 Dracaena forbesii upper Maku Valley, Waianae Mts in sm hanging valley, about 50 yds south of cabin at Peacock Flats Preserved_Specimen 10' ht, 2dbh. Nagata, K.M. 1149 Oahu BISH 1973-05-27
18 Dracaena forbesii Waianae Mts, Pukaloa gulch, above Schoffield, off ridge trail to Puu Kalena, near Kumakalii In Metrosideros lowland wet forest with Alyxia, Canthium, Nestegis, Chamaesyce, Psidium, Antidesma, Pleomele, Claoxylon, Urera, Nothocestrum longiflorum, Zanthoxylum, Embelia, Pisonia, Bobea, Psychotria, Scaevola, Melicope, Astelia, Labordia, Perrottetia Preserved_Specimen Perlman, S. 5636 Oahu BISH 1987-04-16
19 Dracaena forbesii Upper Makaha Valley, Waianae Kai Forest Reserve, Waianae Range Off ridge top, opp side of Kumaipo Stream upper reaches; along a sub-ridge crest; hanging over ridge top Preserved_Specimen buds and young fls yel, in a few days turn orange. Obata, J.K. 85577 Oahu BISH 1985-07-14
20 Dracaena forbesii Southwest of Dillingham Ranch, Kawaihapai decadent forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 11120 Oahu BISH 1937-03-12
21 Dracaena forbesii Mokuleia Forest Reserve, Piko Trail On ridge between Kukuiala Gulch (1st from W end) and 2nd gulch from W end of Mokuleia; dry slope Preserved_Specimen tree 20' X 6. St.John, H. 14095 Oahu BISH 1934-02-04
22 Dracaena forbesii small valley containing watering trough near Kawaihapai dry shrubby hill Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 5553 Oahu BISH 1929-01-27
23 Dracaena forbesii Kaua mesic slopes with weedy grasses and Schinus Preserved_Specimen one of several conspicious inds. in early flower. Takeuchi, W.N. 3529 Oahu BISH 1987-04-25
24 Dracaena forbesii Kapuna (near Mokuleia) decadent dry forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 11506 Oahu BISH 1937-10-24
25 Dracaena forbesii Valley east of Kawaihapai Dry bare ridge in decadent forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 4195 Oahu BISH 1930-09-28
26 Dracaena forbesii Upper reaches of Manini gulch Preserved_Specimen 4m ht in Schinus-Psidium association, uncommon in area. Takeuchi, W.N. 2344 Oahu BISH 1985-09-01
27 Dracaena forbesii Waianae Mts., upper Makaha Valley Preserved_Specimen 10' ht, 2 dbh. Nagata, K.M. 1149 Oahu BISH 1973-05-27
28 Dracaena forbesii dry gully near Kealia Preserved_Specimen uncommon in remnant pathch of native forest. Takeuchi, W.N. Oahu BISH 1984-01-01
29 Dracaena forbesii Kealia, Kealia Trail, Waianae Mts Preserved_Specimen tree 6 m X 1 dm; fl pale gn, finallyribbed w yel. St.John, H. 20230 Oahu BISH 1941-05-04
30 Dracaena forbesii Lualualei Preserved_Specimen in good remnant stand of Sapindus-Rauvolfia-Antidesma. Takeuchi, W.N. 3274 Oahu BISH 1987-01-20
31 Dracaena forbesii Metrosideros Forest; Kaawa-Kamokunui Ridge; Mokuleia Preserved_Specimen 16' tall Grant, M.L. 7043 Oahu BISH 1934-07-11
32 Dracaena forbesii Kaua Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 3529 Oahu BISH 1987-04-25
33 Dracaena forbesii Mokuleia, slopes of Koola Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1798 Oahu BISH 1912-04-26
34 Dracaena forbesii Waianae Mts., Peacock Flats, Panhole Gulch Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 3093 Oahu BISH 1973-09-28
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