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Hibiscus

L. (1753)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Malvales Family: Malvaceae Genus: Hibiscus

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Subshrubs to trees or sometimes herbs, variously pubescent with simple stellate, and glandular hairs, rarely glabrous, occasionally spiny.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades unlobed or palmately lobed or divided. Petiolate. Stipules present.

Flowers: Flowers solitary, cymosely clustered in the leaf axils, or in racemes, panicles, or corymbs by reduction of upper leaves, pedicels usually articulate; involucral bracts 4-20 distinct or connate basally or adnate to calyx at base. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx campanulate to tubular or suburceolate, composed of connate sepals, 5-lobed or 5-parted, often accrescent in fruit, veins obscure or prominent, sometimes with a gland on midrib of each lobe, lobes valvate in bud. Corolla actinomorphic to moderately zygomorphic, white, yellow, orange, red, or purple, often maroon spotted at base, rotate to campanulate or tubular, lower surface usually densely pubescent, the corolla of 5 petals, obovate, distinct from each other but adnate at base to staminal column, convolute in bud. Stamens 5 to numerous, monadelphous, forming a staminal column, staminal column included or exserted; antheriferous for most of its length or only below the 5-toothed apex; filaments terminating the staminal column or borne below a 5-dentate apex; anthers monothecal. Pollen globose, echinate. Ovary superior, 5-celled or rarely appearing 10-celled by a vertical partition, the carpels borne in a single whorl or rarely seemingly superposed whorls; ovules 3 or more per cell, placentation axile; style exceeding the staminal column, 5-branched; stigma terminates each style branch.

Fruit: Loculicidally dehiscent capsules; exocarp and endocarp sometimes separating at maturity. Seeds angular-reniform or rounded-reniform; glabrous or pubescent; with or without endosperm.

Ploidy:

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

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Accepted Subtaxa (in Hawai'i) (69)

Hibiscus andersonii Krapov. & Fryxell
Hibiscus archboldianus Borss.Waalk.
Hibiscus arnottianus A.Gray
Hibiscus australensis Fosberg
Hibiscus berberidifolius A.Rich.
Hibiscus bifurcatus Cav.
Hibiscus boryanus DC.
Hibiscus calyphyllus Cav.
Hibiscus cameronii Knowles & Westc.
Hibiscus cannabinus L.
Hibiscus clayi O.Deg. & I.Deg.
Hibiscus coccineus Walter
Hibiscus columnaris Cav.
Hibiscus costatus A.Rich.
Hibiscus debeerstii De Wild. & T.Durand
Hibiscus diplocrater Hochr.
Hibiscus diriffan A.G.Mill.
Hibiscus diversifolius Jacq.
Hibiscus elatus Sw.
Hibiscus ellipticifolius Borss.Waalk.
Hibiscus fragilis DC.
Hibiscus genevii Bojer ex Hook.
Hibiscus glaber Matsum. ex Nakai
Hibiscus grandidieri Baill.
Hibiscus grandiflorus Michx.
Hibiscus greenwayi Baker f.
Hibiscus hamabo Siebold & Zucc.
Hibiscus hannerae (O.Deg. & I.Deg.) Heintzman & Deans
Hibiscus heterophyllus Vent.
Hibiscus hispidissimus Griff.
Hibiscus immaculatus M.J.Roe
Hibiscus indicus (Burm.f.) Hochr.
Hibiscus insularis Endl.
Hibiscus kahilii C.N.Forbes
Hibiscus kitaibelifolius A.St.-Hil.
Hibiscus kokio Hillebr. ex Wawra
Hibiscus laevis All.
Hibiscus lavateroides Moric. ex Ser.
Hibiscus liliiflorus Cav.
Hibiscus ludwigii Eckl. & Zeyh.
Hibiscus maculatus Lam.
Hibiscus makinoi Jôtani & H.Ohba
Hibiscus micranthus L.f.
Hibiscus moscheutos L.
Hibiscus mutabilis L.
Hibiscus ovalifolius (Forssk.) Vahl
Hibiscus pacificus Nakai ex Jôtani & H.Ohba
Hibiscus palmatifidus Baker
Hibiscus phoeniceus Jacq.
Hibiscus platanifolius (Willd.) Sweet
Hibiscus praeteritus R.A.Dyer
Hibiscus punaluuensis (Skottsb.) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.
Hibiscus rostellatus Guill. & Perr.
Hibiscus sabdariffa L.
Hibiscus saintjohnianus M.J.Roe
Hibiscus schizopetalus (Mast.) Hook.f.
Hibiscus scottii Balf.f.
Hibiscus similis Blume
Hibiscus splendens C.Fraser ex Graham
Hibiscus striatus Cav.
Hibiscus syriacus L.
Hibiscus taiwanensis S.Y.Hu
Hibiscus trilobus Aubl.
Hibiscus trionum L.
Hibiscus uncinellus Moc. & Sessé ex DC.
Hibiscus vitifolius L.
Hibiscus waimeae A.Heller
Hibiscus × archeri W.Watson

Uses and Culture

USES

  • Sometimes the ovaries/bases of the flower were used as an alternative to hau sap as a mild laxative (Krauss 1993:102).

Natural History

Island Status

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Sp. Pl.: 693 (1753)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
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