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Melicope feddei

(H.Lév.) T.G.Hartley & B.C.Stone (1989)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Sapindales Family: Rutaceae Genus: Melicope

alani, alani kuahiwi

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Sprawling, prostrate, or erect shrubs 1–2 m tall, new growth minutely yellowish or grayish puberulent, quickly becoming glabrate; young branches reddish brown.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades narrowly to broadly elliptic, oblong–elliptic, or elliptic–obovate; 2–8(–14) cm long, 1–6 cm wide. Apex rounded and emarginate, obtuse, or subacute. Base rounded to cuneate. Surfaces glabrous, glandular punctate; blade thin, coriaceous or chartaceous. Margins entire. Primary lateral veins usually 12–18 pairs, connected by a slightly sinuate vein 0.5–2 mm from margin, slightly more prominent than higher order venation, venation pinnate, lateral veins connected by an arched submarginal vein, higher order venation forming a reticulate pattern. Petioles 5–25 mm long, but if less than 10 mm long, then leaves less than 5 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers 1–5(–15) in glabrous, resinous cymes up to 4 cm long, peduncles 1–18 mm long, pedicels slender, 5–17 mm long, bracteoles lanceolate, ca. 0.8 mm long, bracts small, opposite. Calyx of 4 sepals; sepals deltate, 2–2.5 mm long, glabrous or sparsely puberulent, glandular punctate, imbricate. Corolla of 4 petals; petals valvate, elliptic–ovate to ovate, 3–5 mm long, glabrous, glandular punctate. Stamens 8. Ovary superior, glabrous, ca. 1.2 mm long and 1.6 mm wide; style 0.7–0.8 mm long; stigmas narrowly clavate, stamens 8, in 2 whorls, distinct, reduced but always present in functionally pistillate flowers; ovary 4-celled and 4-lobed, carpels connate, only slightly distinct at apex to almost entirely distinct; ovules 2 per cell, hemitropous, 1 ascending; style 1, terminating in 4 short stigmatic branches.

Fruit: Capsules reddish green; 16–25(–30) mm wide; carpels connate 1/6–¼ their length; 7–12(–14) mm long; slightly ascending; exocarp chartaceous; glabrous or with a few scattered minute hairs at base or along the suture; endocarp glabrous or with a few hairs near the suture. Seeds 1–2 per carpel; 4–8 mm long; glossy black when ripe; crustaceous; ovoid; sometimes angled from compression; embryo straight in fleshy endosperm; radicle short; cotyledons compressed; ovate; putamen brown; warty.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Occurring in bogs and sometimes wet forest.

Elevation Range: 520–1,490 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Taxon 38: 121 (1989)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1188 (K [as Pelea feddei]); Hartley & Stone 1989:121 (COMBNOV, Syn. P. feddei = M. feddei)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Melicope feddei Waialeale Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8854 Kauai BISH 1911-10-01
2 Melicope feddei Nuololo Trail, Na Pali-Kona Forest Reserve Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10823 Kauai BISH 1930-12-28
3 Melicope feddei Waimea Drainage Basin, West Side, Kauaikinana Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1006 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
4 Melicope feddei Waimea Drainage Basin, W. Side; U.S.G.S trail, mauka side, away from Kauaikinana Stream Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1062 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
5 Melicope feddei Kauai Preserved_Specimen Knudsen 165 Kauai BISH
6 Melicope feddei Koholuamanu Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 363 Kauai BISH 1909-09-01
7 Melicope feddei Kaleiohiiaka, Kaholuamanu Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 711973 Kauai BISH 1909-03-09
8 Melicope feddei Kauai Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8882 Kauai BISH 1911-10-01
9 Melicope feddei Kauai Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 17283 Kauai BISH 1916-01-01
10 Melicope feddei Kanaele Swamp (Wahiawa Bog) Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 4978 Kauai BISH 1983-08-27
11 Melicope feddei Kauai Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Kauai BISH 1916-10-01
12 Melicope feddei Kauai Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4988 Kauai BISH 1909-01-01
13 Melicope feddei Waimea Preserved_Specimen Knudsen 165 Kauai BISH
14 Melicope feddei Kokee plateau; approach ridge to Waialeale summit Preserved_Specimen Medeiros, A.C. 504 Kauai BISH 1983-09-01
15 Melicope feddei Kaholuamanu Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 5282 Kauai BISH 1909-09-01
16 Melicope feddei Kaholuamanu, above Waimea Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 359 Kauai BISH 1909-09-01
17 Melicope feddei Kauai Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Kauai BISH 1916-10-01
18 Melicope feddei Kauai Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Kauai BISH 1916-10-01
19 Melicope feddei Wahiawa Mts Preserved_Specimen Lydgate, J.M. Kauai BISH
20 Melicope feddei Kahili Ridge Preserved_Specimen DLNR staff Kauai BISH 1982-08-29
21 Melicope feddei Kauai Preserved_Specimen Lydgate, J.M. Kauai BISH
22 Melicope feddei Olokele Valley Preserved_Specimen Lydgate, J.M. Kauai BISH
23 Melicope feddei Kaholuamanu Preserved_Specimen Lydgate, J.M. Kauai BISH
24 Melicope feddei Kaholuamanu woods Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 5285 Kauai BISH 1909-09-01
25 Melicope feddei Koholuamanu Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 359 Kauai BISH 1909-09-01
26 Melicope feddei Waimea Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 986 Kauai BISH 1922-10-27
27 Melicope feddei Kauhao Preserved_Specimen Faurie, A. 194 Kauai BISH 1910-02-01
28 Melicope feddei Waimea District, Nawaimaka, upper headwaters Metrosideros-Cheirodendron montane wet forest with Dicranopteris-Diplopterygium-Sticherus matting ferns w/ Syzygium sandwicensis, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Vaccinium calycinum, V. dentatum, Broussaisia arguta, Kadua affinis, Peperomia hesperomannii, Gahnia viteiensis kauaiensis, G. beecheyi, Melicope cl[truncated label] Preserved_Specimen Shrub or small tree, 2-3 m tall, w/ flower and fruit Wood, K.R. 19229 Kauai BISH 2022-12-08
29 Melicope feddei Hanalei District. Mohihi, slopes north of Mohihi-Waialae trail and down to stream. Metrosideros mixed montane wet forest, 7 m canopy, 90% closed native cover w/ Polyscias waialealae, Syzygium sandwicensis, Cheirodendron spp, Dodonaea viscosa, Santalum pyrularium, Psychotria mariniana, 50% cover of shrubs Vaccinium calycinum, V. dentatum, Kadua affinis, Wik Preserved_Specimen tree, sprawling with diffuse branches, some fruit, occasional Wood, K.R. 15936 Kauai BISH 2014-05-01
30 Melicope feddei Waimea District central Alakai, headwaters of Koaie stream, northwestern portion of Drinking Glass proposed fence unit Metrosideros-Cheirodendron montane wet forest with Dicranopteris- Diplopterygium-Sticherus matting ferns with Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Vaccinium calycinum, Broussaisia arguta, Kadua affinis, Peperomia hesperomannii, Gahnia vitiensis kauaiensis, Coprosma elliptica, Melicope cluusiifolia, M. Preserved_Specimen small tree or shrub, 2 m long, with a few capsules, coccasional. Wood, K.R. Kauai BISH
31 Melicope feddei Koloa District. Wahiawa area, near ridge between Wahiawa and Hanapepe valley North of Hulua . Metrosideros- Dicranopteris linearis wet forest. Antidesma platyphylla, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Kadua affinis, Scaevola gaudichaudiana, Cyanea kahiliensis, Polyscias oahuensis, Bobea brevipes, Psidium cattleianum, Clidema hirta. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 4 meter ht with red fruit. Perlman, S. 23204 Kauai BISH 2013-01-03
32 Melicope feddei Upper Limahuli Valley. Collected along backwall ridgetop separating Limahuli and Wainiha Valley, just pst intersection of backwell and center ridge Dicranopteris-Metrosideros Wet Forest associated w/ Stenogyne purpurea, Broussaisia, Smilax, Psychotria mariniana, Joinvillea, Dubautia laxa, Pittosporum, Ilex anomala, Scaevola glabra, Cheirodendron, Myrsine petiolata, M. kaualensis, Dubautia knudsenii subsp. Preserved_Specimen Abaxial leaf blade light green puberulent, w raised reticulate veins, midrib red-brown raised. Leaf dk green above. Slight lemon smell when cruished. Buds red, frt only one locule, locule unifmrmly puberulent developing w/2 seeds. Tangalin, N. 1858 Kauai BISH 2008-11-25
33 Melicope feddei Upper Limahuli Preserve, in Hanakapiai drainage above basecamp, about 75 ft. above stream next just above MelPan#1 Wet Forest w/ understory of mostly Clidemia & Dicranopteris, w/ Christella parasitia and few Cyrtandra wainihaensis. Thick canopy of Metrosideros, Psychotria mariniana, Bobea, & Cheirodendron, Syzygium, Tetraplasandra oahuensis, w/ Antidesma, Freycinetia, Dubautia knudsenii, Hedyotis terminalis Preserved_Specimen Tree 15 ft. tall. W/ flower and red fruit. Flw petals red at base yellow-green above, calyx red-brn w/ hairs. Petiole and midrib red-brn. Lvs dark gren glabrous above, med-green w/ sparse haris below. Lvs w/ revolute margins and very slight smell. Lvs clustered toward barnch tips. Branches brancing at acute ang Tangalin, N. 1880 Kauai BISH 2009-01-08
34 Melicope feddei Wahiawa Mts, along jeep road about 1.5 mi from Wahiawa bog; overlooking the valley of the northwesternmost branch of the Lawai stream On steep hillside Preserved_Specimen Shrub, 2m, almost odorless Stone, B.C. 3718 Kauai BISH 1961-08-11
35 Melicope feddei Lihue District, Paohia, east of Kapaloa. Metrosideros-Dicranopteris slopes with Metrosideros-Cheirodendron mixed wet forest and dissecting drainages. W/ Broussaisia arguta, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Touchardia latifolia, Pipturus albidus, P. ruber, Boehmeria grandis, Psychotria mariniana, P. hexandra, Antidesma platyphylla, Polyscias oahuensis, Kad Preserved_Specimen Tree, along Dicranopteris ridge line, 1.75 m tall, stems brown-reddish, carpels with reddish tinge, common. Wood, K.R. 15844 Kauai BISH 2014-02-25
36 Melicope feddei Wahiawa, Kahili Bog Wet bog Preserved_Specimen Prostrate and creeping under other shrubs. St.John, H. 13565 Kauai BISH 1933-12-24
37 Melicope feddei Mt. Kahili, above TV relay Metrosideros; Broussaisia, Syzygium sandwicense, Dubautia laxa, Psychotria mariniana, Hedyotis terminalis, Machaerina angustifolia, Bidens, Pouteria, Pittosporum, Cheirodendron, Scaevola procera, Coprosma kauaiensis, Bobea brevipes, Pleomele aurea, Dicranopteris linearis, Melicope anisata, Ilex, Xylosma hawaiiense, Elaeocarpus, Perrottetia, Rubus argutus, Wikstroemia Preserved_Specimen 1 m shrub; small flowers; bud Perlman, S. 18750 Kauai BISH 2004-01-07
38 Melicope feddei Kokee, E bank above kauaikinana Stream, 500yrds S of the dam In forest on slope with other Pelea, Charpentiera, etc. Preserved_Specimen Small erect branchy shrub with small green fls, 3-fld. cymes, small green deeply parted capsules; glabrous. Stone, B.C. 3392 Kauai BISH 1960-04-14
39 Melicope feddei Hanalei District, Limahuli Valley. W side ridge separating Limahuli and Hanakapiai valleys, above waterfall Almost undisturbed mixed mesophytic rain forest with Metrosideros, Antidesma, Syzgyium, Psychotria, and Cibotium, some open areas with Dicranopteris. Preserved_Specimen Small tree 3 m tall. Flowers greenish yellow, fruit green. Lorence, D.H. 5200 Kauai BISH 1987-04-24
40 Melicope feddei Laau, plateau on dividing ridge between Lumahai & Wainiha Valleys Metrosideros-Cheirodendron montane wet forest w/ 8-10 m tall closed canopy, w/ Melicope clusiifolia, Myrsine wawraea, Kadua affinis, Smilax, Vaccinium, Ilex, Myrsine lessertiana, Dubautia laxa, Clermontia fauriei, Lobelia kauaensis, Cibotium, and Sadlera, terrestrially dominated by Peperomia hesperomannii with a great diversity of bryophytes. Preserved_Specimen Shrub or small tree, 2 - 3 m tall, few branched, with frt, uncommon. Wood, K.R. 14153 Kauai BISH 2010-04-06
41 Melicope feddei Wainiha-Manoa drainage, edge of pali Wet forest. Preserved_Specimen 10 ft. branching tree. Christensen, C. 319 Kauai BISH 1978-03-04
42 Melicope feddei Waimea District, Hono O Na Pali NAR, Hanakapiai headwaters, western branch, east of Moaalele Metrosideros-Cheirodendron-Dicranopteris wet forest and deeply carved drainage with riparian vegetation w/ Kadua affinis, Psychotria mariniana, P. hexandra, Coprosma kauiensis, Syzygium sandwicensis, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Dubautia raillardioides, D. laxa, Melicope wawrana, M. clusiifolia, Myrsine w Preserved_Specimen Tree, 2.5 m tall, fruit purple-red, occasional Wood, K.R. 16400 Kauai BISH 2015-04-10
43 Melicope feddei Waimea District; Na Pali--Kona Forest Reserve,. Pihea Trail from Pihea south to Alakai Swamp Trail Rich, low, wet forest with Metrosideros and Cheirodendron; with Pelea clusiifolia. Preserved_Specimen Treelet 2 m. tall, faintly aromatic. flowers green. Lorence, D.H. 5598 Kauai BISH 1987-10-14
44 Melicope feddei Koloa District, Wahiawa Swamp near headwaters of Wahiawa Stream, western end of swamp Low forest of shrubs and small trees Preserved_Specimen Shrub 2 m; lvs shining light green on both sides, midrib prominent beneath, brownish, branches all erect, calyx and corolla greenish white, fruit reddish brown. Stauffer, H.U. 5916 Kauai BISH 1964-04-24
45 Melicope feddei Hanalei District. Wainiha Pali, eastern boundary of Hono O Na Pali Natural Area Reserve Sloping bogs with adjacent Metrosideros-Cheirodendron montane wet forest with small side streams and wind swept slopes w/Rhynchospora rugosa lavarum, Racomitrium, Oreobolus, Viola wailenalenae, Myrsine helleri, Lobelia villosa, L. hypoleuca, Sadleria pallida, Machaerina angustifolia, Gahnia beecheyi, Gahnia vitiensis Preserved_Specimen Tree, 1.5 m tall, low diffusely branched, occasional with M. waialealae Wood, K.R. 16014 Kauai BISH 2014-07-30
46 Melicope feddei Kokee, E bank above kauaikinana Stream, 500yrds S of the dam In forest on slope with other Pelea, Charpentiera, etc. Preserved_Specimen Small erect branchy shrub with small green fls, 3-fld. cymes, small green deeply parted capsules; glabrous. Stone, B.C. 3392 Kauai BISH 1960-04-14
47 Melicope feddei Trailhead transect on ridge leading to Lehua maka noe, Alakai Swamp In deep shade; community is Metrosideros-Eugenia canopy with Elaphoglossum-dominant herb layer Preserved_Specimen Shrub approx. 1.5 m height Takeuchi, W.N. 21 Kauai BISH 1982-09-25
48 Melicope feddei Alakai swamp Shrubly forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 21643 Kauai BISH 1952-01-19
49 Melicope feddei Trailhead transect on ridge leading to Lehua maka noe, Alakai Swamp In deep shade; community is Metrosideros-Eugenia canopy with Elaphoglossum-dominant herb layer Preserved_Specimen Shrub approx. 1.5 m height Takeuchi, W.N. 21 Kauai BISH 1982-09-25
50 Melicope feddei Waimea District. Kumuwela, slopes west of Poomau stream Metrosideros Cheirodendron montane wet forest, 80-95% closed, 8-12 m tall canopy, some emergent Metrosieros 20 m tall Psychotria mariniana, Santalum pyruliarium, Bobea brevipes, Kadua affinis, Coprosma waimeae, Melicope barbigera, Dodonaea viscosa, Dianella sandwicensis, Sphenomeris chinensis, Doodia kunthiana, Dropt Preserved_Specimen tree, 3.5 m tall, in early flower Wood, K.R. 15332 Kauai BISH 2013-01-10
51 Melicope feddei Waimea Districk. Kumuwela, slopes west of Poomanu stream Metrosideros-Cheirodendron montane wet forest, 80-95% closed, 8-12 m tall canopy, some emergent Metrosideros 20 m tall Psychotria mariniana, Santalum pyrularium, Bobea brevipes Kadua affinis, Coprosma waimeae, Melicope barbigera, Dodonaea viscosa, Dianella sandwicensis, Sphenomeris chinensis, Doodia kunthiana, Dryopt Preserved_Specimen tree, 2 m tall, diffusely branched, occasional with M. anisata, M. ovata, M. barbigera Wood, K.R. 15341 Kauai BISH 2013-01-10
52 Melicope feddei Transitional zone around Pihea Bog Where Metrosideros grades to the stature of the surround forest Preserved_Specimen Shrub 2m height Takeuchi, W.N. 70 Kauai BISH 1982-10-30
53 Melicope feddei Waimea, near Kokee Forest Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 1015 Kauai BISH 1922-10-29
54 Melicope feddei Waimea District. Alakai, west of Sincock Bog, headwaters Metrosideros-Cheirodendron-Dicranopteris montane wet forest, 5-7 m tall canopy, 70-90% closed, with adjacent riparian vegetation with Melicope clusiifolia, Kadua affinis, Scaevola glabra, Broussaisia arguta, Vaccinium calycina, Syzygium sandwicensis, Astelia argyrocoma, Cibotium glaucum, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Smilax melast Preserved_Specimen shrub or small tree, 1.5 m tall, low decumbent branches Wood, K.R. 15318 Kauai BISH 2012-12-14
55 Melicope feddei Hanalei Distr.. Wainiha AHU. Tr 1(7); Alakai Swamp, in bog SE of Sincocks Bog Wet 'ohi'a forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. On exposed hilltop. Preserved_Specimen Small, long branched shrub; 3 cm Bd; 2 m tall. Corollas green, very short; leaves elliptical w/acute & acuminate tips. Warshauer, F.R. 3374 Kauai BISH 1981-05-11
56 Melicope feddei Hanalei District. Pohakea region, steep ridge above Hanakapiai, Hono o Na Pali NAR. Metrosiders open mesic forest with adjacent transitional wet forest with Kadua affinis, Cheirodendron fauriei, Dicranopteris, Myrsine linearifolia, Scaevola procera, Xylosma hawaiiense, Nestegis sandwicensis, Bobea elator, Cytrandra paludosa, Lysimachia sp., Santalum py Preserved_Specimen Shrub, 2 meters tall, scandent, leaves revolute, flower and a few fruit, corolla lobes green-yellow with reddish tinge, occasional with M. wawraeana. Wood, K.R. 17477 Kauai BISH 2017-07-18
57 Melicope feddei Kaholuamano High plateau Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 1972 Kauai BISH 1909-03-03
58 Melicope feddei Wahiawa, Kahili Bog Wet bog Preserved_Specimen Prostrate and creeping under other shrubs. St.John, H. 13565 Kauai BISH 1933-12-24
59 Melicope feddei Alakai Trail, NE of crossing of 2nd N. Fork of Kawaikoi Stream Swampy upper forest Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 23044 Kauai BISH 1947-12-25
60 Melicope feddei Above Wahiawa, near bog, above bog on flat wet land Preserved_Specimen Small tree, ht 3 m MacDaniels, L.H. 623 Kauai BISH 1927-02-08
61 Melicope feddei Center of 'fairway' bog (i.e. 7th bog near Kilohana rain gage) Growing with Pelea spp., Dubautia paleata, ohia dwarfs in and 'island' of shrubby vegetation Preserved_Specimen 3 ft. shrub; red midveins on leaf undersurface Takeuchi, W.N. 115 Kauai BISH 1983-07-31
62 Melicope feddei Honopu rim Acacia koa - Metrosideros polymorpha - Dicranopteris linerais montane mesic 90% closed canopy with Psychotria mariniana, Planchonella sandwicensis, Xylosma hawaiiensis, Antidesma platyphylla, Melicope feddei Preserved_Specimen tree, 4 m tall, branches lax, drooping, trunk mottled shades of brown and gray, common Wood, K.R. 15106 Kauai BISH 2012-07-25
63 Melicope feddei Wahiawa Mts. Along trail to Micro Relay Towers Preserved_Specimen Shrub of 6 ft. Fruit reddish. Flynn, T.W. 901 Kauai BISH 1984-07-23
64 Melicope feddei Near end of Honopu Trail Preserved_Specimen Small tree with many, fine branches, light-green leaves, and yellow-green flowers. Herbst, D.R. 2160 Kauai BISH 1971-09-22
65 Melicope feddei In Wahiawa bog Preserved_Specimen Small shrub, sparsely branched; flowers 3-5, cyme, drooping, reddish-purplish; stigmas whitish; leaves (crushed) strongly scented of lemon; glabrous Stone, B.C. 3720 Kauai BISH 1961-08-11
66 Melicope feddei Lihue-Koloa Forest Reserve, Wahiawa, Kahili Swamp Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10852 Kauai BISH 1930-12-29
67 Melicope feddei Wahiawa Bog area W. of Mt. Kahili; road to bog Preserved_Specimen Small tree, 1 in. dia., half way prostrate; frits cruciate, reddish-green; cymes 3--5 flowered, glabrous. Stern, W.L. 1336 Kauai BISH 1961-08-01
68 Melicope feddei Waimea Drainage Basin, W. Side; U.S.G.S trail, mauka side, away from Kauaikinana Stream Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1062 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
69 Melicope feddei Lihue-Koloa Forest Reserve, Wahiawa, Kahili Swamp Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10852 Kauai BISH 1930-12-29
70 Melicope feddei Koholuamanu Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 371 Kauai BISH 1909-09-01
71 Melicope feddei Near end of Honopu Trail Preserved_Specimen Small tree with many, fine branches, light-green leaves, and yellow-green flowers. Herbst, D.R. 2160 Kauai BISH 1971-09-22
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