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Cyanea hardyi

Rock (1917)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Asterales Family: Campanulaceae Genus: Cyanea

hāhā [haha]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Branched shrubs or trees 1–7 m tall.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades elliptic to oblanceolate, blades 18–28 cm long, 2.5–5 cm wide. Apex acute to acuminate. Base attenuate into a winged petiole. Upper surfaces green, glabrous; lower surfaces pale green, glabrous or sparsely pubescent along the midrib. Margins callose–crenulate. Petioles 2.5–6 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescences 15–30–flowered, axillary, pendent, peduncles 60–240 mm long, rachis 20–100 mm long, pedicels 8–12 mm long; hypanthium obconical, 3–5 mm long, 2–4 mm wide. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx 5-lobed, lobes dentiform, 0.5–1 mm long, distinct or rarely connate, apex acute to acuminate, tube adnate to ovary. Corolla zygomorphic, purplish to blackish purple, 20–26 mm long, 2–3 mm wide, glabrous, the tube suberect, the lobes connate, spreading. Stamens 5, alternate with corolla lobes, connate; staminal column glabrous; anthers glabrous, the lower 2 with apical tufts of white hairs, dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits, coherent but separating after anthesis or connate and forming a tube into which pollen is shed; filaments distinct or connate above, attached to the epigynous nectary disk or to base of corolla, rarely adnate to corolla tube. Ovary inferior, 2-celled; ovule placentation axile; stigma 2-lobed, wet or dry, appressed and nonreceptive as the style grows through the anther tube, pushing out the pollen, after which the stigmas spread apart and become receptive.

Fruit: Berries purple; globose; 8–10 mm long. Seeds numerous; small; brown to black; smooth; shiny; 0.2–0.5(–2) mm long; with a straight; short to spatulate dicotyledonous embryo embedded in oily endosperm.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Occurring in mesic valleys and diverse mesic forest.

Elevation Range: 425–790 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 44: 236 (1917)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:452 (K); Lammers 2004:100 (KEY)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On shaded, dry embankment. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Derral Herbst 1058 Kauai PTBG 4/17/1968
2 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, j. lau & s. p. perlman 270 Kauai US 3/29/1990
3 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 1785 Kauai PTBG 6/13/1986
4 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Diospyros sandwicensis -Metrosideros mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 15455 Kauai PTBG 7/2/1996
5 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Diospyros lowland mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 1759 Kauai PTBG 4/1/1992
6 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Acacia-Metrosideros montane mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 7275 Kauai PTBG 3/14/1998
7 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman & d. bender 17120 Kauai US 5/16/2000
8 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Secondary forest dominated by Syzygium cumini, Psidium guajava, and Dicranopteris linearis. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 3262 Kauai PTBG 1/3/1989
9 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Dicranopteris Shrubland w/ Melinis minutiflora monostand PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Natalia Tangalin 4365 Kauai PTBG 8/19/2015
10 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros lowland mesic cliff. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 13271 Kauai PTBG 1/24/1993
11 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. w. flynn & j. smith 3262 Oahu US 1/3/1989
12 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. P.; Bender, D. 17120 Kauai US 5/16/2000
13 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R. 7478 Kauai US 9/23/1998
14 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman 15455 Kauai US 7/2/1996
15 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman, b. hobdy & s. gon 10382 Kauai US 6/13/1989
16 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Dry exposed slope. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman 16670 Oahu US 6/22/1999
17 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. w. flynn & k. wood 3229 Kauai US 12/7/1988
18 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R.; Lau, J.; Perlman, S. P. 270 Kauai US 3/29/1990
19 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information mixed mesic forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R.; Perlman, S. P.; Lorence, D. H.; Flynn, T. W. 1284 Kauai US 10/22/1991
20 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D. R. 1058 Kauai US 4/17/1968
21 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. W.; Smith, J. 3262 Kauai US 1/3/1989
22 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. P. 16670 Kauai US 6/22/1999
23 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, s. p. perlman, d. h. lorence & t. w. flynn 1284 Hawaii US 10/22/1991
24 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 15242 Kauai US 10/18/2016
25 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. r. herbst 1058 Hawaii US 4/17/1968
26 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. P.; Hobdy, B.; Gon, S. 10382 Kauai US 6/13/1989
27 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kauai BISH
28 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. W.; Wood, K. 3229 Kauai US 12/7/1988
29 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN christensen, c. collector number: 2 Kauai BISH 4/18/1976
30 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood 7478 Maui US 9/23/1998
31 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Diverse mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 10382 Kauai PTBG 6/13/1989
32 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Dicranopteris linearis wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 16670 Kauai PTBG 6/22/1999
33 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. 209 Kauai BISH 7/19/1978
34 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Weed in lawn by Euphorbia neriifolia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN perlman, s.p. wichman, c. collector number: 209 Oahu BISH 7/19/1978
35 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information shaded, dry embankment PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 1058 Kauai BISH 4/17/1968
36 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. B K Kauai BISH 3/23/1905
37 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hardy, W.V. 12767 Kauai BISH 11/1/1915
38 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 21738 Kauai BISH 1/16/1952
39 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On NW side of ridge on steep slope Windswept Montane Metrosideros - Dicranopteris forest w/ Cheirodendron, Syzygium sandwicensis, Melicope clusiifolia, M. kavaiensis, Broussaisia arguta, Smilax melastomifolia, Trematolobelia kauaiensis, Lobelia X villosa, Myrsine, Vaccinium calycinum, V. dentatum PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hardy, w.v. collector number: 12767 (rock#) Kauai BISH 11/1/1915
40 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 634a K Kauai BISH 10/20/1916
41 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information steep slope; with Nesoluma polynesicum, Diospyros sandwicensis, Metrosideros, Psychotria, Pleomele aurea, Rauvolfia, Bidens, Hibiscus kokio, Pouteria, Pritchardia, Pittosporum, Pteralyxia kauaiensis, Syzygium sandwicensis, Bobea elatior, Lantana PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. 15455 Kauai BISH 7/2/1996
42 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Christensen, C. 3 Kauai BISH 5/8/1976
43 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hardy, w.v. collector number: 12767 Kauai BISH 11/1/1915
44 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Dry lowlands. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wood, k.r. perlman, s.; lau, j. collector number: 1759 Niihau BISH 4/1/1992
45 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 638 K Kauai BISH 10/22/1916
46 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 21739 Kauai BISH 1/16/1952
47 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information lower forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. greenwell, a. collector number: 21739 Kauai BISH 1/16/1952
48 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN perlman, s.p. Kauai BISH 5/28/1979
49 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Christensen, C. 2 Kauai BISH 4/18/1976
50 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On cliff face in gully above cliff in NE upper valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 3250 Kauai BISH 8/18/1990
51 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 12765 Kauai BISH 10/18/1916
52 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information steep slope; with Nesoluma polynesicum, Diospyros sandwicensis, Metrosideros, Psychotria, Pleomele aurea, Rauvolfia, Bidens, Hibiscus kokio, Pouteria, Pritchardia, Pittosporum, Pteralyxia kauaiensis, Syzygium sandwicensis, Bobea elatior, Lantana PRESERVED_SPECIMEN perlman, s.p. collector number: 15455 Kauai BISH 7/2/1996
53 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. 10 Kauai BISH 4/12/1978
54 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN christensen, c. collector number: 3 Kauai BISH 5/8/1976
55 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hardy, W.V. 12767 Kauai BISH 11/1/1915
56 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information along stream PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oahu BISH
57 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Christensen, C. 4 Kauai BISH 5/8/1976
58 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN perlman, s.p. collector number: 16 Kauai BISH 4/26/1978
59 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 344 K Kauai BISH 9/1/1909
60 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. 16 Kauai BISH 4/26/1978
61 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Aleurites, Psidium, Diospyros, Myrsine, Chamaesyce, Pipturus, Isodendrion, Cyanea, Pleomele, Hibiscus; cliff bank over stream PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 354 Kauai BISH 6/7/1990
62 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 694 K Kauai BISH 10/22/1916
63 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Diplazium, Deparia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 3229 Kauai BISH 12/7/1988
64 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: b k Kauai BISH 8/8/1909
65 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On steep bank, above cliff in NE upper valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 3251 Kauai BISH 8/18/1990
66 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Derral Herbst 2095 Kauai PTBG 8/23/1971
67 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Mesic forest with relict native species. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 7488 Kauai PTBG 9/23/1998
68 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Mixed Mesic Ohia-Diospyros forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 270 Kauai PTBG 3/29/1990
69 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 15242 Kauai US 10/18/1916
70 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Mixed mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 1284 Kauai PTBG 10/22/1991
71 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Dicranopteris linearis lowland mesic shrub land. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 12912 Kauai PTBG 7/27/1992
72 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros lowland forest dominated by secondary invasive plants PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 16550 Kauai PTBG 7/23/2015
73 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 344 k BISH 9/1/1909
74 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. wood, k.r. collector number: 3229 Oahu BISH 12/7/1988
75 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Christensen, C. 2 Kauai BISH 4/18/1976
76 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: a k Kauai BISH 8/8/1909
77 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Flueggia, Pteralyxia, Exocarpos, Kokia, Neraudia, Santalum, Charpentiera, Pritchardia, Nototrichium, Chamaesyce, Hedyotis, Dubautia, Melicope, Festuca, Bidens, Lipochaeta, Panicum PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 1759 Kauai BISH 4/1/1992
78 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 12766 Kauai BISH 10/26/1916
79 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 665 K Kauai BISH 10/22/1916
80 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Aleurites, Psidium, Diospyros, Myrsine, Chamaesyce, Pipturus, Isodendrion, Cyanea, Pleomele, Hibiscus; cliff bank over stream PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wood, k.r. perlman, s.; perlman, j. collector number: 354 Kauai BISH 6/7/1990
81 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. greenwell, a. collector number: 21739 Kauai BISH 1/16/1952
82 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 638 k Kauai BISH 10/22/1916
83 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN christensen, c. collector number: 4 Kauai BISH 5/8/1976
84 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information lower forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 21739 Kauai BISH 1/16/1952
85 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information shaded, dry embankment PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 1058 Kauai BISH 4/17/1968
86 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: 12766 Kauai BISH 10/18/1916
87 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. s.n. Kauai BISH 5/28/1979
88 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Koa zone, Rich, moist forest of Metrosideros, Syzygium sp., Sideroxylon, Neraudia, Claoxylon, Gouldia, Morinda trimera, Alectryon macrococcus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: 12766 Oahu BISH 10/26/1916
89 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 634a k Kauai BISH 10/20/1916
90 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. A K Kauai BISH 3/23/1905
91 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 665 k Kauai BISH 10/22/1916
92 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN perlman, s.p. collector number: 10 Kauai BISH 4/12/1978
93 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 12765 Kauai BISH 10/1/1916
94 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. greenwell, a. collector number: 21738 Kauai BISH 1/16/1952
95 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 694 k Kauai BISH 10/22/1916
96 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 33.K Kauai BISH 7/10/1909
97 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hardy, W.V. 12767 (Rock#) Kauai BISH 11/1/1915
98 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Cultivated plantings in lowland Mesic Forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Jesse Adams JWA_6 Kauai PTBG 3/17/2013
99 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Acacia montane mesic forest with patches of diverse mesic. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 8405 Kauai PTBG 4/21/2000
100 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 17120 Kauai PTBG 5/16/2000
101 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Diverse lowland mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 354 Kauai PTBG 6/7/1990
102 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Wet Lowland Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Natalia Tangalin 2329 Kauai PTBG 5/27/2010
103 Cyanea hardyi Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Mesic forest with relict native species. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 7478 Kauai PTBG 9/23/1998
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