Description
                                                                                                            Key Characters:
                                                                            
                                    
                                    
                                                                                                            Growth Form:
                                                                                Shrubs, 5–30 dm.                                        
                                    
                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                            Stems:
                                                                                Stems branched, tomentose.                                                                                
                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                            Roots: 
                                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                        
                                                                                                            Leaves: 
                                                                                
                                                                                                                        Leaves simple.                                                                                 
                                        
                                                                                                                        Opposite.                                                                                 
                                        
                                                                                                                        Blades ovate to ovate–lanceolate, 10–15 × 2–4 cm.                                                                                 
                                        
                                                                                                                        <u>Apex</u> acute or acuminate.                                                                                 Apex acute or acuminate.                                                                                 
                                        
                                                                                                                        <u>Base</u> attenuate or cuneate.                                                                                 Base attenuate or cuneate.                                                                                 
                                        
                                                                                                                        <u>Upper surfaces</u> glabrous or glabrescent; <u>lower surfaces</u> tomentose.                                                                                 Upper surfaces glabrous or glabrescent; lower surfaces tomentose.                                                                                 
                                        
                                                                                                                        <u>Margins</u> serrate or subentire.                                                                                 Margins serrate or subentire.                                                                                 
                                        
                                                                                                                        
                                        
                                                                                                                        Petioles 5 mm long.                                                                                 
                                        
                                                                                                                        <b>Stipules</b> present, auriculate.                                                                                Stipules present, auriculate.                                                                                                                                                            
                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                            Flowers:
                                                                                                                        Flowers in inflorescences terminal, tapered–spicate or narrowly paniculate thyrses, 10–20 × 2–4 cm, cymes almost encircling inflorescence axis, 10–25 pairs, 3–30–flowered. pedicels essentially absent; bracteoles present.                                        
                                                                                Flowers bisexual (perfect) fragrant.
                                        
                                                                                <b>Calyx</b> sparsely hairy externally, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes 0.5–1.5 mm.
                                        
                                                                                <b>Corolla</b> straight, violet or pink, rarely white, often with yellow–orange eye, salverform, tube 8–10 mm, lobes suborbiculate, 2–3 × 2–3 mm.
                                        
                                                                                Stamens 4, adnate to corolla tube, included, rarely exserted, equal; filaments glabrous, staminode 0.
                                        
                                                                                                                        
                                                                                <b>Ovary</b> superior, ovoid, 2 mm, glabrous or puberulent; <u>stigma</u> clavate, 1 mm.                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                        
                                                                                                            Fruit:
                                                                                                                        Capsules brown; narrowly ellipsoid; 5–9 × 1.5–2 mm; glabrous or puberulent; dehiscence primarily septicidal.                                        
                                                                                Seeds threadlike; 3–4 × 0.5 mm; wings long.                                                                                                                    
                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                            Ploidy:
                                                                                                                        2n = 76
                                                                            
                                                                        
                                                                                                            Habitat:
                                                                                                                        Roadsides; railroad embankments; quarries; streambeds; landslide scars; sandy lakeshores; disturbed sites.
                                                                                                                    
                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                            Elevation Range:
                                                                                                                        0–1,300 m.