Solanum robustum

H.Wendl. (1844)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Solanales Family: Solanaceae Genus: Solanum

shrubby nightshade

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs up to 2 m tall, armed with strong, straight or slightly recurved, flattened prickles up to 12 mm long, base up to 6 mm wide, ferruginous on younger shoots.

Stems: Stems strongly winged from the decurrent bases of the leaves, wings leafy, 2–15 mm wide.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades ovate juvenile leaves up to 30 cm long and 28 cm wide, later leaves ovate in outline, ca. 15 cm long and 10 cm wide, lobes 2–4 cm long, sinuses rounded. Apex acute. Base truncate to subcordate, oblique and continued down the petiole as a leafy wing. Surfaces densely pubescent with stellate hairs on stems and upper and lower surfaces along veins, with lower surfaces paler than upper surface. Margins with 2–4 triangular lobes sinuses cut 1/5 to mid–vein. Petioles 2–8 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in unarmed, racemose cymes up to 10 cm long, extra-axillary, peduncle to first flower 1.5–2.5 cm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic; pedicels ca. 1 cm long. Calyx tube 2–3 mm long, the lobes ovate–lanceolate, 7–10 mm long. Corolla stellate, deeply divided, the lobes lanceolate, 10–15 mm long, 5–8 mm wide, densely pubescent externally. Stamens equal, inserted near base of corolla tube; filaments 1–3 mm long; anthers lanceolate, 5–7 mm long, opening by apical pores. Ovary superior, globose, densely pubescent; style 1, erect, 9–11 mm long, exceeding anthers, pubescent in lower part; stigma terminal.

Fruit: Berries yellowish; globose; 1.2–2 cm in diameter; persistently pubescent; pedicels 1–2 cm long; calyx not much enlarged; reflexed. Seeds numerous; brown; compressed; sub–reniform; ca. 1.4 mm long; foveolate.

Ploidy: 2n = 24

Habitat: Guava-infested cattle pastures.

Elevation Range: ca. 230 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Maui Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Birds

Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Flora 27(no. 45): 784 (1844)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1274 (EM)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Solanum robustum H.Wendl. kailua gulch, just mauka of hana highway PRESERVED_SPECIMEN r. hobdy 288 Maui US 5/23/1977
2 Solanum robustum H.Wendl. MAUI: E. Maui, Makawao District, Papaaea. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H110111 Maui PTBG 11/12/2001
3 Solanum robustum H.Wendl. East Maui, Hana Highway, just past Kailua at Papaaeanui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R. W. 1754 Maui US 5/19/1983
4 Solanum robustum H.Wendl. Kailua Gulch, just mauka of Hana Highway PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R. W. 288 Maui US 5/23/1977
5 Solanum robustum H.Wendl. east maui, hana highway, just past kailua at papaaeanui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN r. hobdy 1754 Maui US 5/19/1983
6 Solanum robustum H.Wendl. east maui, kailua gulch, just mauka of hana highway partial shade of guava, in heavily grazed cattle pasture PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 288 Maui BISH 5/23/1977
7 Solanum robustum H.Wendl. east maui, just past kailua at papaaeanui pasture PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 1754 Maui BISH 5/19/1983
8 Solanum robustum H.Wendl. east maui, makawao district, hana hwy., just past kailua at papaaeanui In pasture. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 1754 Maui BISH 5/19/1983
9 Solanum robustum H.Wendl. East Maui, Makawao District, Hana Hwy., just past Kailua at Papaaeanui In pasture. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 1754 Maui BISH 5/19/1983
10 Solanum robustum H.Wendl. East Maui, just past Kailua at Papaaeanui pasture PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 1754 Maui BISH 5/19/1983
11 Solanum robustum H.Wendl. East Maui, Kailua Gulch, just mauka of Hana Highway partial shade of guava, in heavily grazed cattle pasture PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 288 Maui BISH 5/23/1977