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Trema orientale

(L.) Blume (1856)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Rosales Family: Cannabaceae Genus: Trema

charcoal tree, gunpowder tree

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Trees to 3–36 m tall.

Stems: Trunk ± buttressed, densely pubescent with appressed to erect, silvery, glaucous, or grayish hairs and short, multicellular, glandular hairs, branches spreading and drooping.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate, distichous. Blades ovate to narrowly elliptic or lanceolate, 6–19 cm long, 1.5–7(–10) cm wide. Apex acute to acuminate-caudate. Base asymmetrical, cordate, rounded, or occasionally truncate. Upper surfaces sparsely to strongly scabrid with pustulate–based hairs; lower surfaces densely tomentose with silvery appressed, unicellular hairs and shorter, multicellular, glandular hairs; blades coriaceous, often rigid and brittle. Margins serrate to denticulate. Pinnately veined and tripliveined at base. Petioles 0.7–1.8 cm long. Stipules distinct, linear–lanceolate, ca.5–7 mm long, enclosing the terminal buds.

Flowers: Flowers of different sexes borne on separate branches in a branched panicle or thyrse; staminate flowers 20–100; pistillate flowers 5–15; staminate flowers in inflorescences up to 2.5–5 cm long; pistillate flowers in inflorescences 1–2.5 cm long; bracts minute, ovate, 2–3 mm long. Flowers unisexual (and the plants monoecious), densely pubescent. Calyx of 5 sepals, induplicate in bud, staminate flowers sepals ca.1.5–2 mm long; pistillate flowers sepals ca. 1–1.5 mm long. Corolla (petals) absent. Stamens introrse, equal in number to tepals, inserted at base of sepals; anthers dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits; staminodes absent in pistillate flowers. Ovary superior (pistillate flowers), slightly compressed, 2-carpellate, 1-celled, present but nonfunctional in staminate flowers; ovule pendulous from apex; styles 2, the inner face stigmatic.

Fruit: Drupes black at maturity; 3–5 mm long; ovoid; slightly compressed; glabrous. Seeds broadly ovoid; ± compressed; 2-5 mm in diam.

Ploidy: 2n = 20; 40

Habitat: Disturbed mesic forest; diverse mesic forest.

Elevation Range: 30–800 m.

Historical Distribution

Synonyms (61)

Ceanothus leschenaultii DC. (1825)
Celtis commersonii Brongn. (1834)
Celtis glomerata Hochst. (1845)
Celtis guineensis Schumach. & Thonn. (1827)
Celtis guineensis var. parvifolia Schumach. (1827)
Celtis ituriensis De Wild. (1921)
Celtis laeta Salisb. (1796)
Celtis madagascariensis Bojer (1837)
Celtis orientalis L. (1753)
Celtis rigida Blume (1826)
Colubrina leschenaultii (DC.) G.Don (1832)
Sponia affinis Planch. (1848)
Sponia africana Planch. (1848)
Sponia amboinensis (Misapplied)
Sponia andaresa Comm. ex Lam. (1797)
Sponia argentea Planch. (1848)
Sponia bracteolata Hochst. (1845)
Sponia commersonii Decne. ex Planch. (1848)
Sponia glomerata Hochst. (1845)
Sponia guineensis (Schumach. & Thonn.) Planch. (1873)
Sponia hochstetteri Planch. (1873)
Sponia lucida Hassk. (1842)
Sponia nitens Hook.f. ex Planch. (1848)
Sponia orientalis (L.) Decne. ex Planch. (1848)
Sponia orientalis var. affinis (Planch.) Baker (1877)
Sponia orientalis var. asperata Solms ex Schweinf. (1867)
Sponia orientalis var. commersonii (Decne. ex Planch.) Baker (1877)
Sponia rigida (Blume) Decne. ex Planch. (1848)
Sponia scaberrima Miq. (1859)
Sponia strigosa Planch. (1848)
Sponia wightii Planch. (1848)
Trema affine (Planch.) Blume (1856)
Trema africanum (Planch.) Blume (1856)
Trema amboinensis (Misapplied)
Trema argenteum (Planch.) Blume (1856)
Trema bracteolatum (Hochst.) Blume (1856)
Trema burmanni Blume (1856)
Trema cannabina (Misapplied)
Trema commersonii (Decne. ex Planch.) Blume (1856)
Trema glomeratum (Hochst.) Blume (1856)
Trema grevei Baill. (1895)
Trema griseum Baker (1883)
Trema guineense (Schumach. & Thonn.) Ficalho (1884)
Trema guineense f. strigosum Büttner (1889)
Trema guineense var. asperatum (Solms ex Schweinf.) Cufod. (1969)
Trema guineense var. hochstetteri (Planch.) Engl. (1895)
Trema guineense var. paucinervium Hauman (1942)
Trema hochstetteri (Planch.) Engl. (1892)
Trema nitens (Hook.f. ex Planch.) Blume (1856)
Trema orientale var. argenteum (Planch.) Lauterb. (1913)
Trema orientale var. bicornis De Wit (1949)
Trema orientale var. rigidum (Blume) Lauterb. (1913)
Trema orientalis
Trema polygama Z.M.Wu & J.Y.Lin (1994)
Trema rigidum (Blume) Blume (1856)
Trema scaberrimum (Miq.) Blume (1856)
Trema sieberi Blume (1856)
Trema strigosum (Planch.) Blume (1856)
Trema tomentosa (Misapplied)
Trema wightii Blume (1856)
Tremma orientalis

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Not in flora
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Birds
Forestry

Pollinators

Notes

  • (Hillebrand & Lydgate s.n., BISH)
  • 30- 800 m
  • 30-800 m
  • Description digitized by Tiffany Flood
  • Description digitized by Tim
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
  • Native to tropical Africa, Madagascar, southeastern Asia, Japan, Malesia, Queensland, Australia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia; in Hawai'i on all of the main islands except Ni'ihau and Kaho'olawe. Not known in Hawai'i prior to 1870
  • Not known in Hawai'i prior to 1870 (Hillebrand & Lydgate s.n., BISH).-Plate 190

Bibliography

Name Published In: Mus. Bot. 2: 62 (1856)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1296 (K, O, Mo, L, M, H [as T. orientalis]); Staples & Herbst 2005:551 (DESCR); Faccenda, Arthur, et al. 2025:166 (remove L [no evidence of nat.]); IPNI 2025 (spelling change to orientale)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Trema orientale princeville, across form hanalei valley lookout PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. w. flynn 1724 UPS 5/14/1986
2 Trema orientale Koloa District, National Tropical Botanical Garden in Lawai Valley; Allerton Garden, Micronesian Collection along W side of Lawai Stream. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D. H. 9381 Kauai US 10/28/2004
3 Trema orientale Princeville, across form Hanalei Valley Lookout PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. W. 1724 Kauai US 5/14/1986
4 Trema orientale Honolulu, Lyon Arboretum. Sect. 1 - row 8 - tree 1 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D. R. 631 Oahu US 10/5/1967
5 Trema orientale puna district, collected in the ahupua`a of halepua`a. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN r. kubo 27 Hawaii US 4/23/1979
6 Trema orientale mountain near last ditchman's house on way to mt. eke, west maui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 2562 Maui US 8/27/1927
7 Trema orientale PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. b. hillebrand illegible Hawaii US 8/8/1900
8 Trema orientale Puna District, collected in the ahupua`a of Halepua`a. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kubo, R. 27 Hawaii US 4/23/1979
9 Trema orientale PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hillebrand, W. illegible Hawaii US 3/14/1905
10 Trema orientale western branch of mapulehu valley, molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 8684 Molokai US 7/20/1928
11 Trema orientale Puna District, collected in the ahupua`a of Halepua`a. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN R. Kubo 27 Hawaii US 4/23/1979
12 Trema orientale Oahu, Honolulu, in garden of E.H. Bryan in Manoa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Bryan Jr., E. H.; Neal, M. C. s. n. Oahu US 3/22/1965
13 Trema orientale honolulu, lyon arboretum. sect. 1 - row 8 - tree 1 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. r. herbst 631 Oahu US 10/5/1967
14 Trema orientale Central ridge of Olowalu Valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C. N. 2346.M Maui US 5/12/2020
15 Trema orientale central ridge of olowalu valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 2346.m Maui US 5/12/1920
16 Trema orientale near hwy 11 ca. 23 miles w of hilo. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. r. herbst 908 Molokai US 2/11/1968
17 Trema orientale Nene Road, beyond airport, near coast E of Hilo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F. R. 55662 Hawaii US 3/14/1975
18 Trema orientale near highway 11 about 23 miles west of hilo. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. r. herbst 908 Hawaii US 2/11/1968
19 Trema orientale SE part of Oahu, Moanalua Valley, 5 mi NW of Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Little Jr., E. L. 31016 Oahu US 8/9/1976
20 Trema orientale Honokahau Drainage Basin, Maui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C. N. 395.M. Maui US 1917-00-00
21 Trema orientale central ridge of olowalu valley, maui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 2346.m. Oahu US 5/12/1920
22 Trema orientale Western branch of Mapulehu Valley, Molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 8684 Molokai US 7/20/2028
23 Trema orientale Waianae Mts., just below Palikea, Oahu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cowan, R. S. 903 Oahu US 3/26/1948
24 Trema orientale Koloa Dist., Lawai Valley, Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawai Kai, just S of Pump 6 at N end of Allerton gardens. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D. H. 5729 Kauai US 12/14/1987
25 Trema orientale honokahau drainage basin. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 395.m Maui US 9/25/1917
26 Trema orientale west maui: mountain near last ditchman's house on way to mt. eke PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener & h. wiebke 2562 Maui US 8/27/1927
27 Trema orientale Wailau, slopes of Ulokui, Oahu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C. N. 554.Mo. Oahu US 9/12/2020
28 Trema orientale honokahau drainage basin, maui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 395.m. Maui US 9/25/1917
29 Trema orientale puulupe, kawailoa, oahu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener, d. l. topping, -- martinez & -- salucop 11068 Hawaii US 2/25/1937
30 Trema orientale oahu, honolulu, in garden of e.h. bryan in manoa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN e. bryan jr. & m. neal s. n. Oahu US 3/22/1965
31 Trema orientale Upper Waiakea Forest Reserve, along an access road with vegetation growing between the ruts, small opening in dense forest, roadside. Small opening in dense forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN S. Long 1158 Hawaii US 2/22/2001
32 Trema orientale Central ridge of Olowalu Valley, Maui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C. N. 2346.M. Maui US 5/12/2020
33 Trema orientale honokahau drainage basin PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 395.m Maui BISH 9/25/1917
34 Trema orientale upper Waianae Valley, slopes of Kamaileunu Ridge, North of Puu Kawiwi in dry secondary forest of Psidium, Lantana & other introduced exotics PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Nagata, K.M. 1098 Oahu BISH 12/28/1972
35 Trema orientale Princeville; along road across from Hanalei Valley lookout PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 1724 Kauai BISH 5/14/1986
36 Trema orientale Koloa District, Lawai Valley, Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawai Kai, just S of Pump 6 at North end of Allerton gardens PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D.H. 5729 Kauai BISH 12/14/1987
37 Trema orientale nene road, beyond airport, near coast e of hilo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 55662 Hawaii US 3/14/1975
38 Trema orientale kupehau, honouliuli PRESERVED_SPECIMEN ewart iii, g.r. Oahu BISH 5/12/1933
39 Trema orientale Kohala ditch trail, steep slopes of gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN MacDaniels, L.H. 339 Hawaii BISH 12/6/1926
40 Trema orientale koloa district, national tropical botanical garden in lawai valley; allerton garden, micronesian collection along w side of lawai stream. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. h. lorence 9381 Kauai US 10/28/2004
41 Trema orientale Castle Trail in Metrosideros, Dicranopteris, Eucalyptus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Gagne, W.C. 707 Oahu BISH 3/1/1981
42 Trema orientale Honolulu, Waimea Arboretum PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Miller, J.S. 7809 Oahu BISH 7/28/1992
43 Trema orientale Near Hwy 11 ca. 23 miles W of Hilo. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D. R. 908 Hawaii US 2/11/1968
44 Trema orientale upper waiakea forest reserve, along an access road with vegetation growing between the ruts, small opening in dense forest, roadside. Small opening in dense forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. long 1158 Hawaii US 2/22/2001
45 Trema orientale Upper Waiakea Forest Reserve, along an access road with vegetation growing between the ruts, small opening in dense forest, roadside. Small opening in dense forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Long, S. 1158 Hawaii US 2/22/2001
46 Trema orientale Slopes of Kaala PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C. N. 1784.6 Oahu US 1912-00-00
47 Trema orientale se part of oahu, moanalua valley, 5 mi nw of honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN e. l. little jr. 31016 Oahu US 8/9/1976
48 Trema orientale Honokahau Drainage Basin. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C. N. 395.M Maui US 1917-00-00
49 Trema orientale West Maui: Mountain near last ditchman's house on way to Mt. Eke PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O.; Wiebke, H. 2562 Maui US 8/27/2027
50 Trema orientale E part of Hawaii, Waiakea Arboretum, Waiakea Forest Preserve, 5 mi S of Hilo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Little Jr., E. L. 23043 Hawaii US 6/2/1968
51 Trema orientale e part of hawaii, waiakea arboretum, waiakea forest preserve, 5 mi s of hilo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN e. l. little jr. 23043 Hawaii US 6/2/1968
52 Trema orientale Near Highway 11 about 23 miles west of Hilo. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D. R. 908 Hawaii US 2/11/1968
53 Trema orientale koloa dist., lawai valley, pacific tropical botanical garden, lawai kai, just s of pump 6 at n end of allerton gardens. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. h. lorence 5729 Kauai US 12/14/1987
54 Trema orientale Koloa District, National Tropical Botanical Garden in Lawai Valley; Allerton Garden, Micronesian Collection along W side of Lawai Stream. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN D. H. Lorence 9381 Kauai US 10/28/2004
55 Trema orientale Mountain near last ditchman's house on way to Mt. Eke, West Maui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 2562 Maui US 8/27/2027
56 Trema orientale lawai valley. pacific tropical botanical garden. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. w. flynn 3099 Kauai US 8/1/1998
57 Trema orientale wailau, slopes of ulokui, oahu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 554.mo. Oahu US
58 Trema orientale Lawai Valley. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. W. 3099 Kauai US 8/1/1998
59 Trema orientale slopes of kaala PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 1784.6 Oahu US 4/26/1912
60 Trema orientale State of Hawaii Division of Forestry and Wildlife. Permit: 05046 Upper Waiakea Forest Reserve. Along an access road with vegetation growing between the ruts. Small opening in dense forest, roadside. Small opening in dense forest, roadside. Black volcanic soil. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Sandy Long 1158 UTC 2/22/2001
61 Trema orientale state of hawaii division of forestry and wildlife. permit: 05046 upper waiakea forest reserve. along an access road with vegetation growing between the ruts. small opening in dense forest, roadside. Edge of steam crack PRESERVED_SPECIMEN sandy long 1158 YPM 2/22/2001
62 Trema orientale honolulu, waimea arboretum Acacia-Sapindus-Microlepia community. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN miller, j.s. merello, m. collector number: 7809 Hawaii BISH 7/28/1992
63 Trema orientale Waiakea Arboretum, Waiakea Forest Preserve, 5 mi. S of Hilo secondary forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Little Jr., E.L. 23043 Hawaii BISH 6/2/1968
64 Trema orientale Manoa Valley, near head, arboretum of H.S.P.A PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Caum, E.L. s.n. Oahu BISH 12/1/1930
65 Trema orientale Koolau Range, Kapalama Valley dry forest area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kuykendall, J.R. 17 Oahu BISH 11/1/1942
66 Trema orientale Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Grant, M.L. 7553 Oahu BISH 11/22/1934
67 Trema orientale manoa valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hillebrand, w.b. lydgate, j.m. collector number: 1883 Oahu BISH 1870-10-10
68 Trema orientale mountain near last ditchman's house on way to mt. eke, west mt. side PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. collector number: 2562 Maui BISH 8/27/1927
69 Trema orientale Honolulu: Foster Botanic Garden potted in full sun PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 2994 Oahu BISH 12/9/1986
70 Trema orientale Kapalama Valley grassy slope PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Judd Jr., A.F. s.n. Oahu BISH 10/8/1932
71 Trema orientale moanalua valley, 5 mi. nw. of honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN little jr., e.l. collector number: 31016 Oahu BISH 8/9/1976
72 Trema orientale Honolulu, in garden of E.H. Bryan, Manoa garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Bryan Jr., E.H. s.n. Oahu BISH 3/22/1965
73 Trema orientale Waipahu Cultral Gardens, 94-695 Waipahu St full sun at the side of a stream PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 2108 Oahu BISH 3/10/1986
74 Trema orientale Koolau Range, Kapalama Valley lower dry lands PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Uehara, S. 13 Oahu BISH 11/1/1942
75 Trema orientale Koolau Range, Kaneohe, 47-285 Pulama Rd., Senator Fong's Plantation and Garden with Schefflera and Schinus; lowland mesic forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Annable, C.R. Collector Number: 3036 Oahu BISH 9/23/1996
76 Trema orientale Honolulu, Academy of Arts Bldg. lawn Beretania St PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Stone, B.C. 1667 Oahu BISH 2/22/1957
77 Trema orientale Honolulu, Kalihi Valley, Bishop Estate Nursery PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Judd Jr., A.F. 153 Oahu BISH 10/6/1928
78 Trema orientale honolulu, e.h. bryan, manoa garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN bryan jr., e.h. Oahu BISH 3/22/1965
79 Trema orientale Honolulu, Lyon Arboretum. Sect. 1 - row 8 - tree 1 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 631 Oahu BISH 10/5/1967
80 Trema orientale Honolulu, Kamehameha Girls' School, Kapalama, Koolau Range forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hosaka, E.Y. 2431 Oahu BISH 12/10/1938
81 Trema orientale Manoa, HSPA plantation PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Grant, M.L. 7510 Oahu BISH 10/29/1934
82 Trema orientale castle trail Metrosideros, Pisonia, Cyrtandra, Clidemia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN gagné, w.c. collector number: 708 Oahu BISH 3/1/1981
83 Trema orientale Mountain near last ditchman's house on way to Mt. Eke, West mt. side PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 2562 Maui BISH 8/27/1927
84 Trema orientale Koolau Mts. along Pupukea Rd. in Gulch behind Helemano Military Reservation PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Krajina, V.J. 620520049 Oahu BISH 5/20/1962
85 Trema orientale first {makai} s branch of makamakaole stream windward lower forest, growing in thicket of Gleichenia linearis, with Bobea elatior, Straussia mariniana, Metrosideros, Acacia, and Aleurites PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. greenwell, a. collector number: 455 Maui BISH 11/28/1950
86 Trema orientale mokuleia, slopes of kaala forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 1784.o Oahu BISH 4/26/1912
87 Trema orientale near hwy 11 ca. 23 miles w of hilo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 908 Hawaii BISH 2/11/1968
88 Trema orientale Koolau Range, Kaneohe, 47-285 Pulama Rd., Senator Fong's Plantation and Garden with Schefflera and Schinus; lowland mesic forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Annable, C.R. 3036 Oahu BISH 9/23/1996
89 Trema orientale honolulu, nuuanu valley, nearly opposite queen emma home PRESERVED_SPECIMEN neal, m.c. Oahu BISH 10/21/1961
90 Trema orientale koolau mts. along pupukea rd. in gulch behind helemano military reservation PRESERVED_SPECIMEN krajina, v.j. collector number: 620520049 Oahu BISH 5/20/1962
91 Trema orientale wailau, slopes of ulakui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 554.mo Maui BISH 9/1/1912
92 Trema orientale Honolulu, Kalihi Valley, Kamehameha Nursery PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Judd Jr., A.F. 106 Oahu BISH 5/1/1928
93 Trema orientale Honolulu, Waimea Arboretum PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Miller, J.S. Merello, M. Collector Number: 7809 Oahu BISH 7/28/1992
94 Trema orientale wahiawa, back of library, in gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN swanson, mrs. Oahu BISH 9/22/1953
95 Trema orientale honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN grant, m.l. collector number: 7553 Oahu BISH 11/22/1934
96 Trema orientale honolulu, kamehameha girls' school, kapalama, koolau range PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hosaka, e.y. judd, a.f. collector number: 2431 Hawaii BISH 12/10/1938
97 Trema orientale Kalihi, Kamanaiki PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hume, E.P. 15 Oahu BISH 10/15/1930
98 Trema orientale manoa, hspa plantation PRESERVED_SPECIMEN grant, m.l. collector number: 7510 Oahu BISH 10/29/1934
99 Trema orientale koolau range, punaluu, below castle trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN webster, g.l. collector number: 1591 Oahu BISH 5/23/1948
100 Trema orientale near road that leads up to sacred falls trail In thicket behind beach. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN corn, c. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 3/21/1978
101 Trema orientale ahupuaa of halepuaa in the puna district Growing in a fallow papaya field. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kubo, r. collector number: 27 Hawaii BISH 4/23/1979
102 Trema orientale castle trail Metrosideros, Dicranopteris, Eucalyptus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN gagné, w.c. collector number: 707 Oahu BISH 3/1/1981
103 Trema orientale Honokahau Drainage Basin PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 395.M Maui BISH 9/25/1917
104 Trema orientale honolulu, lyon arboretum. sect. 1 - row 8 - tree 1 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 631 Oahu BISH 10/5/1967
105 Trema orientale Near Hwy 11 ca. 23 miles W of Hilo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 908 Hawaii BISH 2/11/1968
106 Trema orientale koloa district, lawai valley, pacific tropical botanical garden, near chalet in lower valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. collector number: 3099 Kauai BISH 8/1/1988
107 Trema orientale waianae mts., just below palikea, ridge running seaward from cabin PRESERVED_SPECIMEN cowan, r.s. collector number: 903 Oahu BISH 3/26/1948
108 Trema orientale Honolulu, Lyon Arboretum, just north of Aroid Valley, nearly overhanging road from west bank PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Nagata, K.M. 222 Oahu BISH 6/14/1967
109 Trema orientale Kupehau, Honouliuli PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ewart III, G.R. s.n. Oahu BISH 5/12/1933
110 Trema orientale Kalihuiwai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lydgate, J.M. s.n. Kauai BISH 3/27/1905
111 Trema orientale Punaluu, slopes bordering Castle Trail uluhe-covered hillside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Takeuchi, W.N. 1806 Oahu BISH 10/28/1984
112 Trema orientale Koloa District, Lawai Valley, Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, near chalet in lower valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 3099 Kauai BISH 8/1/1988
113 Trema orientale Kau, Pahala, high school ground PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Bembauer, W. s.n. Hawaii BISH 4/14/1947
114 Trema orientale Waianae Mts., just below Palikea, ridge running seaward from cabin PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cowan, R.S. 903 Oahu BISH 3/26/1948
115 Trema orientale Near Highway 11 about 23 miles w of Hilo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 908 Hawaii BISH 2/11/1968
116 Trema orientale ahupuaa of Halepuaa in the Puna District Growing in a fallow papaya field. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kubo, R. Collector Number: 27 Hawaii BISH 4/23/1979
117 Trema orientale Makaleha Ridge PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Russ, G.W. s.n. Oahu BISH 10/1/1929
118 Trema orientale head of manoa valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hillebrand, w.b. lydgate, j.m. Oahu BISH
119 Trema orientale upper waianae valley, slopes of kamaileunu ridge, north of puu kawiwi forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN nagata, k.m. collector number: 1098 Hawaii BISH 12/28/1972
120 Trema orientale ahupuaa of halepuaa in the puna district PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kubo, r. collector number: 27 Oahu BISH 4/23/1979
121 Trema orientale Manoa Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hillebrand, W.B. 1883 Oahu BISH 1870-00-00
122 Trema orientale Hilo HUMAN_OBSERVATION Friday, J.B. Hawaii 1/2/2020
123 Trema orientale Nene rd. beyond airport, near coast east of Hilo common in edges of dense scrub-forest dominated by Melastoma PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 55662 Hawaii BISH 3/14/1975
124 Trema orientale koloa district, lawai valley, pacific tropical botanical garden, lawai kai, just s of pump 6 at north end of allerton gardens PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lorence, d.h. collector number: 5729 Kauai BISH 12/14/1987
125 Trema orientale kohala ditch trail, PRESERVED_SPECIMEN macdaniels, l.h. collector number: 339 Oahu BISH 12/6/1926
126 Trema orientale Manoa Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hillebrand, W.B. Lydgate, J.M. Collector Number: 1883 Oahu BISH 1870-10-10
127 Trema orientale waiakea arboretum, waiakea forest preserve, 5 mi. s of hilo secondary forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN little jr., e.l. collector number: 23043 Hawaii BISH 6/2/1968
128 Trema orientale Hilo HUMAN_OBSERVATION Friday, J.B. Hawaii 10/14/2016
129 Trema orientale Hilo HUMAN_OBSERVATION Friday, J.B. Hawaii 10/6/2015
130 Trema orientale Hilo HUMAN_OBSERVATION Friday, J.B. Hawaii 10/14/2016
131 Trema orientale Hilo HUMAN_OBSERVATION Friday, J.B. Hawaii 10/14/2016
132 Trema orientale ahupuaa of Halepuaa in the Puna District Growing in a fallow papaya field. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kubo, R. 27 Hawaii BISH 4/23/1979
133 Trema orientale nene rd. beyond airport, near coast east of hilo common in edges of dense scrub-forest dominated by Melastoma PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 55662 Hawaii BISH 3/14/1975
134 Trema orientale kau, pahala, high school ground PRESERVED_SPECIMEN bembauer, w. Hawaii BISH 4/14/1947
135 Trema orientale Central ridge of Olowalu Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 2346.M Maui BISH 5/12/1920
136 Trema orientale Koolau Mts. along Pupukea Rd. in Gulch behind Helemano Military Reservation PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Krajina, V.J. Collector Number: 620520049 Oahu BISH 5/20/1962
137 Trema orientale castle trail In wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN gagné, w.c. collector number: 708 Kauai BISH 3/1/1981
138 Trema orientale Koolau Range, Punaluu, below Castle Trail, beside road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wilbur, R.L. 751 Oahu BISH 5/23/1948
139 Trema orientale kalihuiwai Botanical Garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lyngate, j.m. Hawaii BISH 8/8/1913
140 Trema orientale honolulu, vineyard st. h.s.p.a PRESERVED_SPECIMEN macdaniels, l.h. collector number: 458 Oahu BISH 1/17/1927
141 Trema orientale Near road that leads up to Sacred Falls trail In thicket behind beach. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Corn, C. s.n. Oahu BISH 3/21/1978
142 Trema orientale Head of Manoa Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hillebrand, W.B. s.n. Oahu BISH
143 Trema orientale Honolulu, Nuuanu Valley, nearly opposite Queen Emma Home PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Neal, M.C. s.n. Oahu BISH 10/21/1961
144 Trema orientale honolulu: foster botanic garden potted in full sun PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. collector number: 2994 Oahu BISH 12/9/1986
145 Trema orientale makaleha ridge PRESERVED_SPECIMEN russ, g.w. Oahu BISH 10/1/1929
146 Trema orientale honolulu, academy of arts bldg. lawn beretania st PRESERVED_SPECIMEN stone, b.c. collector number: 1667 Oahu BISH 2/22/1957
147 Trema orientale punaluu, slopes bordering castle trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN takeuchi, w.n. pyle, l.; obata, j.; tate, b. collector number: 1806 Oahu BISH 10/28/1984
148 Trema orientale koolau range, punaluu, below castle trail, beside road Moist woods. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wilbur, r.l. collector number: 751 Kauai BISH 5/23/1948
149 Trema orientale castle trail in Metrosideros, Dicranopteris, Eucalyptus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN gagné, w.c. collector number: 707 Oahu BISH 3/1/1981
150 Trema orientale Castle Trail Tree growing in Metrosideros, Pisonia, Cyrtandra, Clidemia forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Gagne, W.C. 708 Oahu BISH 3/1/1981
151 Trema orientale Honolulu, Vineyard St. H.S.P.A PRESERVED_SPECIMEN MacDaniels, L.H. 458 Oahu BISH 1/17/1927
152 Trema orientale mokuleia, slopes of kaala PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 1784.o Oahu BISH 4/26/1912
153 Trema orientale puna PRESERVED_SPECIMEN bryan, l.w. Hawaii BISH 3/1/1932
154 Trema orientale Puna PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Bryan, L.W. s.n. Hawaii BISH 3/1/1932
155 Trema orientale wahiawa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kerr, m. Maui BISH 12/2/1945
156 Trema orientale honolulu, lyon arboretum, just north of aroid valley, nearly overhanging road from west bank PRESERVED_SPECIMEN nagata, k.m. collector number: 222 Oahu BISH 6/14/1967
157 Trema orientale Castle trail in Metrosideros, Dicranopteris, Eucalyptus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Gagne, W.C. 707 Oahu BISH 3/1/1981
158 Trema orientale princeville; along road across from hanalei valley lookout standing water PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. collector number: 1724 Kauai BISH 5/14/1986
159 Trema orientale First part of Kipapa Trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kerr, M. 53-O Oahu BISH 5/19/1946
160 Trema orientale Wailau, slopes of Ulakui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 554.Mo Maui BISH 9/1/1912
161 Trema orientale Wahiawa, back of library, in gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Swanson, Mrs. s.n. Oahu BISH 9/22/1953
162 Trema orientale undeveloped subdivision, waiakea wet; Metrosideros, Perrottetia, Sadleria, Touchardia, Cyanea, Hedyotis, Cyrtandra, Diplazium, Pneumatopteris, Rubus rosifolius, Cyathea cooperi, Youngia japonica PRESERVED_SPECIMEN takeuchi, w.n. collector number: 1723 Kauai BISH 8/4/1984
163 Trema orientale koolau range, kaneohe, 47-285 pulama rd., senator fong's plantation and garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN annable, c.r. collector number: 3036 Oahu BISH 9/23/1996
164 Trema orientale central ridge of olowalu valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 2346.m Oahu BISH 5/12/1920
165 Trema orientale Near road that leads up to Sacred Falls trail In thicket behind beach. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Corn, C. Collector Number: s.n. Oahu BISH 3/21/1978
166 Trema orientale honolulu, kalihi valley, kamehameha nursery PRESERVED_SPECIMEN judd jr., a.f. collector number: 106 Oahu BISH 5/1/1928
167 Trema orientale koolau range, kapalama valley dry forest area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kuykendall, j.r. collector number: 17 Oahu BISH 11/1/1942
168 Trema orientale manoa valley, near head, arboretum of h.s.p.a PRESERVED_SPECIMEN caum, e.l. Maui BISH 12/1/1930
169 Trema orientale honolulu, kalihi valley, bishop estate nursery PRESERVED_SPECIMEN judd jr., a.f. collector number: 153 Oahu BISH 10/6/1928
170 Trema orientale kapalama valley grassy slope PRESERVED_SPECIMEN judd jr., a.f. Oahu BISH 10/8/1932
171 Trema orientale koolau range, kapalama valley Metrosideros, Oreobolus, Rhynchospora rugosa, Campylopus, Plantago, Cheirodendron, Tetraplasandra, Myrsine, Cyanea, Trematolobelia, Lobelia, Cyrtandra, Juncus, Stenogyne, Hedyotis, Ilex, Eurya, Bidens, Melicope, Labordia, Coprosma, bryophytes PRESERVED_SPECIMEN uehara, s. collector number: 13 Kauai BISH 11/1/1942
172 Trema orientale Wahiawa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kerr, M. s.n. Oahu BISH 12/2/1945
173 Trema orientale undeveloped subdivision, Waiakea understory grazed by cattle PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Takeuchi, W.N. 1723 Hawaii BISH 8/4/1984
174 Trema orientale Koolau Range, Punaluu, below Castle Trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Webster, G.L. 1591 Oahu BISH 5/23/1948
175 Trema orientale first part of kipapa trail disturbed area between Pandanus forest and lawn area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kerr, m. collector number: 53-o Maui BISH 5/19/1946
176 Trema orientale near highway 11 about 23 miles w of hilo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 908 Hawaii BISH 2/11/1968
177 Trema orientale Moanalua Valley, 5 mi nw. of Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Little Jr., E.L. 31016 Oahu BISH 8/9/1976
178 Trema orientale waipahu cultral gardens, 94-695 waipahu st Acacia koa- Metrosideros polymorpha mesic to wet forest. Understory vegetation dominated by Cibotium spp, Broussaisia arguta with Cheirodendron, Myrsine lessertiana, Ilex anomala, Coprosma ochracea, terrestrial Sadleria spp, Athyrium microphyllum, Dyropteri PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. cory, c. collector number: 2108 Hawaii BISH 3/10/1986
179 Trema orientale Koolau Range, Senator Fong's Plantation & Gardens, 47-285 Pulama Rd (Private land holding) Lowland mesic forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN C. R. Annable 3036 NY 9/23/1996
180 Trema orientale Ahupua'a 'O Kahana State Park. Along trail/power line cut NW of visitor center. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Andrew Townesmith|Karen M. Meyer Townesmith 1049 Missouri Botanical Garden 5/5/2008
181 Trema orientale Oahu: Waimea Arboretum. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN James S. Miller|Mary Merello Miller 7809 Missouri Botanical Garden 7/28/1992
182 Trema orientale oahu: waimea arboretum. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN james s. miller|mary merello miller 7809 MO 7/28/1992
183 Trema orientale ahupua'a 'o kahana state park. along trail/power line cut nw of visitor center. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN andrew townesmith|karen m. meyer townesmith 1049 MO 5/5/2008
184 Trema orientale First {makai} S branch of Makamakaole Stream windward lower forest, growing in thicket of Gleichenia linearis, with Bobea elatior, Straussia mariniana, Metrosideros, Acacia, and Aleurites PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hatheway, W.H. 455 Maui BISH 11/28/1950
185 Trema orientale kalihi, kamanaiki PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hume, e.p. collector number: 15 Oahu BISH 10/15/1930
186 Trema orientale Kawaipapa. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H50736 Maui PTBG 5/28/2007
187 Trema orientale Honolulu, Manoa, Kahaloa Street. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN W. M. Bush 73 Oahu PTBG 7/4/1974
188 Trema orientale Princeville. Planted along road across from Hanalei Valley lookout. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 1724 Kauai PTBG 5/14/1986
189 Trema orientale koolau range, senator fong's plantation & gardens, 47-285 pulama rd (private land holding) Lowland mesic forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. r. annable 3036 NY 9/23/1996
190 Trema orientale Lawai Valley. National Tropical Botanical Garden. Just south of Pump 6 at North end of Allerton Gardens. Cultivated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 5729 Kauai PTBG 12/14/1987
191 Trema orientale Kahili Ridge Trail. S facing slope just above cliff. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Clay Trauernicht 563 Kauai PTBG 8/18/2008
192 Trema orientale Lihue-Koloa Forest Reserve. Ridge trail from watertank at Kahili Mtn Park along spine of secondary ridge between Laauhihaihai & Kahili. Degraded mixed mesophytic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 6504 Kauai PTBG 3/2/1999
193 Trema orientale MOLOKAI: Kapailoa [Ka`aloa] forested slopes above Haupu Bay, Diospyros sandwicensis mixed mesic forest, with Charpentiera obovata, Nototrichium sandwicense, Alyxia oliviformis, Ochrosia compta, Reynoldsia sandwicensis, Tetraplasandra hawaiensis, Clermontia kakeana, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Styphelia tameiameiae, Antidesma platyphyllum var. platyphyllum, Xylosma hawaiiense PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 9227 Molokai PTBG 1/3/2002
194 Trema orientale Lawai Valley. National Tropical Botanical Garden. Near chalet in lower valley. Cultivated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 3099 Kauai PTBG 8/1/1988
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