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Eugenia uniflora

L. (1753)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Myrtales Family: Myrtaceae Genus: Eugenia

brush cherry, pitanga, surinam cherry

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs 2–3 m tall.

Stems: Branches glabrous.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades ovate to broadly lanceolate, 4–7 cm long, 2–4 cm wide. Apex acuminate. Base rounded or broadly cuneate. Surfaces minutely glandular punctate; lower surfaces glabrous or sparsely puberulent, Blades thin, coriaceous. Margins slightly revolute. 9–12 pairs of principal lateral veins, 4–7 mm apart, submarginal vein irregular. Petioles 2–5 mm long. Stipules vestigial or absent.

Flowers: Flowers 1–2 in the leaf axils, pedicels 20–40 mm long, glabrous, bracts 1–1.5 mm long, puberulent, persistent. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic. hypanthium obconical, 2–3 mm long, sparsely puberulent to glabrate. Calyx of 4 sepals; sepals green, ovate, 3–4 mm long, inserted on the annular nectary disk, ciliate, persistent. Corolla of 4 petals, white, obovate, 7–8 mm long, ciliate, persistent; annular nectary disk raised slightly above point of petal insertion, strigose. Stamens ca. 50, inserted on nectary disk; filaments white, 3–7 mm long. Ovary inferior; ovule placentation axile; style short.

Fruit: Fruit red; subglobose; conspicuously longitudinally 8–ribbed; 1–2 cm long; pericarp fleshy; 2–3 mm thick. Seeds 1 per fruit; subglobose; 8–15 mm in diameter; seed coat loosely coherent to pericarp and cotyledons; the latter connate.

Ploidy: 2n = 22; 33

Habitat: Cultivated on Midway Atoll and all of the main islands except Ni'ihau and Kaho'olawe; and very sparingly naturalized in low elevation mesic sites; especially valley floors; at least on Kaua'i; Moloka'i; and several of the other main islands; but collections are lacking for any naturalized occurrence.

Elevation Range: 30–730 m.

Historical Distribution

Synonyms (44)

Eugenia arechavaletae Herter (1931)
Eugenia costata Brongn. & Gris (1865)
Eugenia dasyblasta (O.Berg) Nied. (1893)
Eugenia decidua Merr. (1914)
Eugenia michelii Lam. (1789)
Eugenia myrtifolia Salisb. (1796)
Eugenia oblongifolia (O.Berg) Nied. (1893)
Eugenia pauper Guillaumin (1933)
Eugenia strigosa (O.Berg) Arechav. (1905)
Eugenia uniflora var. atropurpurea Mattos (1984)
Eugenia willdenowii (Spreng.) DC. (1828)
Eugenia zeylanica Willd. (1799)
Luma arechavaletae (Herter) Herter (1943)
Luma costata (Cambess.) Herter (1943)
Luma dasyblasta (O.Berg) Herter (1943)
Luma strigosa (O.Berg) Herter (1943)
Myrtus brasiliana L. (1753)
Myrtus brasiliana var. diversifolia Kuntze (1898)
Myrtus brasiliana var. lanceolata Kuntze (1898)
Myrtus brasiliana var. lucida (O.Berg) Kuntze (1898)
Myrtus brasiliana var. normalis Kuntze (1898)
Myrtus willdenowii Spreng. (1825)
Myrtus willdenowii var. portoriccensis Spreng. ex DC. (1828)
Plinia pedunculata L.f. (1782)
Plinia petiolata L. (1775)
Plinia rubra L. (1771)
Plinia tetrapetala L. (1771)
Stenocalyx affinis O.Berg (1857)
Stenocalyx brunneus O.Berg (1857)
Stenocalyx costatus (Cambess.) O.Berg (1856)
Stenocalyx dasyblastus O.Berg (1857)
Stenocalyx glaber O.Berg (1857)
Stenocalyx impunctatus O.Berg (1857)
Stenocalyx lucidus O.Berg (1857)
Stenocalyx michelii (Lam.) O.Berg (1856)
Stenocalyx michelii var. membranacea O.Berg (1857)
Stenocalyx michelii var. rigida O.Berg (1857)
Stenocalyx oblongifolius O.Berg (1857)
Stenocalyx rhampiri Barb.Rodr. (1903)
Stenocalyx ruber (L.) Kausel (1956)
Stenocalyx strigosus O.Berg (1857)
Stenocalyx uniflorus (L.) Kausel (1967)
Syzygium brousmichei Govaerts (2008)
Syzygium michelii (Lam.) Duthie (1879)

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kuaihelani (Midway Atoll) Only found in cultivation
Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Only found in cultivation

Dispersal Agents

Birds

Pollinators

Specimens

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Bibliography

Name Published In: Sp. Pl.: 470 (1753)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:961 (K, Mo); Oppenheimer 2003:16 (EM, WM); Staples & Herbst 2005:417 (KEY), 423 (DESCR); Frohlich & Lau 2010:12 (O); Starr et al. 2010:65 (L)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Eugenia uniflora L. Herbarium Experiment Station, HSPA., Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, A. 67 Oahu BISH 10/11/1929
2 Eugenia uniflora L. Honolulu. 500 Lunalilo Home Road; Esplanade Condominiums Cultivated plants on south side of main entry from side walk. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Snow, N. 10040 Oahu BISH 6/4/2009
3 Eugenia uniflora L. East Maui, Makawao District, Haiku PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H100114 Maui BISH 10/21/2001
4 Eugenia uniflora L. foster botanical garden. cultivated PRESERVED_SPECIMEN snow, n. collector number: 10032 Oahu BISH 10/8/2008
5 Eugenia uniflora L. Near old homestead, Halawa Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. s.n. Molokai BISH 12/27/1932
6 Eugenia uniflora L. pearl city, waimalu valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oed frohlich, d.; lau, a. collector number: 2008050201 Oahu BISH
7 Eugenia uniflora L. Vegetation on plots stripmined for bauxite in 1958-60. Wailua Game Reserve, above Wailua, Kauai. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Shawn Lum 107 Kauai PTBG 7/1/1983
8 Eugenia uniflora L. Wailua Game Reserve, above Wailua, Hawaii. Vegetation on plots stripmined for bauxite ore in 1958-60. Tree plot area. Fertilizer applied topically. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Richard A. Howard 20211 Kauai PTBG 10/20/1985
9 Eugenia uniflora L. Pacific Hgts. Rd., Pacific Hgts, Honolulu. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN W. M. Bush 360 Oahu PTBG 4/28/1976
10 Eugenia uniflora L. Lawai Valley. National Tropical Botanical Garden, Allerton Garden. In area between Moreton Bay figs and grass area. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 7354 Kauai PTBG 8/1/2007
11 Eugenia uniflora L. Halawa, spreading along trail by abandoned taro patches. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Harold St. John 12665 Molokai PTBG 12/27/1932
12 Eugenia uniflora L. Wailua, Wailua Homesteads, Kuamoo Rd, on South side of Kuamoo between Aina Pono Loop. Cultivated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Natalia Tangalin 1302 Kauai PTBG 5/29/2007
13 Eugenia uniflora L. Ha'iku. In alien forest East of Maliko Gulch. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H90103 Maui PTBG 9/1/2001
14 Eugenia uniflora L. east maui, makawao district, haiku PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h100114 Maui BISH 10/21/2001
15 Eugenia uniflora L. Lawai, along Lauoho Road, alt. 400-500 ft. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 5201 Kauai PTBG 5/1/1987
16 Eugenia uniflora L. Honolua, Mokupea Gulch. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H30103 Maui PTBG 3/3/2001
17 Eugenia uniflora L. Pearl City, Waimalu Valley. Secondary vegetation. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Alex Lau and Danielle Frohlich 2008050201 Oahu PTBG 5/2/2008
18 Eugenia uniflora L. honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes s.n. Oahu US 8/8/1908
19 Eugenia uniflora L. in the h.l. lyon arboretum, site haukulu s-26 r-13 t-13, honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. nagata 1195 Oahu US 10/1/1973
20 Eugenia uniflora L. halawa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. st. john, r. j. baker, j. w. coulter, f. r. fosberg & t. g. yuncker 12665 Molokai US 12/27/1932
21 Eugenia uniflora L. koloa district, lawai, along lauoho road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. h. lorence & t. w. flynn 5201 Kauai US 5/1/1987
22 Eugenia uniflora L. halawa valley, along stream PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. st. john, r. j. baker, j. w. coulter & f. r. fosberg 12665 Oahu US 12/27/1932
23 Eugenia uniflora L. W Maui, Lahaina District, Honolua, Mokupea Gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H30103 Maui BISH 3/3/2001
24 Eugenia uniflora L. kaamooloa rd, waialua Silty loam soil, 0 degrees slope. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN afualo, d. collector number: 46 Oahu BISH 3/8/1975
25 Eugenia uniflora L. Hilo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 7331 Hawaii BISH 4/10/1930
26 Eugenia uniflora L. o'ahu, u.h. campus, henke hall PRESERVED_SPECIMEN joel lau 2179 CAS 3/26/1986
27 Eugenia uniflora L. UH campus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Krajina, V.J. s.n. Oahu BISH 4/30/1962
28 Eugenia uniflora L. Honolulu, US experiment station PRESERVED_SPECIMEN MacDaniels, L.H. 349 Oahu BISH 10/25/1926
29 Eugenia uniflora L. uh campus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN krajina, v.j. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 4/30/1962
30 Eugenia uniflora L. Kaamooloa Rd, waialua Silty loam soil, 0 degrees slope. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Afualo, D. 46 Oahu BISH 3/8/1975
31 Eugenia uniflora L. halawa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. baker, r.j.; coulter, j.w.; fosberg, f.r.; yuncker, t.g. collector number: 12665 Kauai BISH 12/27/1932
32 Eugenia uniflora L. Halawa Spreading along trail by abandoned taro patches. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 12665 Molokai BISH 12/27/1932
33 Eugenia uniflora L. Pearl City, Waimalu Valley Growing among Enterolobium/ Casuarina overstory. Understory primarily E. uniflora of various size classes. (20 m x 15 meter area.) PRESERVED_SPECIMEN OED 2008050201 Oahu BISH 5/2/2008
34 Eugenia uniflora L. uh campus, henke hall Incorporated into a trimmed hedge 1.5m ht in full sun. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. collector number: 2179 Oahu BISH 3/26/1986
35 Eugenia uniflora L. kalaupapa national historical park; waihanau; behind dump PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wysong, m.l. collector number: 448 Molokai BISH 11/17/2004
36 Eugenia uniflora L. Honolulu, opposite McKinley High PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Woolford, H.A. 265 Oahu BISH 1/9/1956
37 Eugenia uniflora L. uh campus diverse mesic forest; Melicope haupuensis, Dodonaea viscosa, Psychotria greenwelliae, Metrosideros polymorpha, Cryptocarya mannii, Nothocestrum peltatum, Rubus argutus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN krajina, v.j. collector number: s.n. Kauai BISH 2/10/1962
38 Eugenia uniflora L. honolulu. 500 lunalilo home road; esplanade condominiums In mat of Centroceras and Griffithsia. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN snow, n. collector number: 10040 Oahu BISH 6/4/2009
39 Eugenia uniflora L. herbarium experiment station, hspa., honolulu Closed healthy forest; assoc. spp.: Metrosideros polymorpha, Ilex anomala, Myrsine lessertiana, Cheirodendron trigynum, Coprosma spp., Psychotria hawaiiensis & Gouldia sp. Soil a moderately deep and well drained organic/ash found over an a`a flow. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, a. collector number: 67 Hawaii BISH 10/11/1929
40 Eugenia uniflora L. hilo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. collector number: 7331 Hawaii BISH 4/10/1930
41 Eugenia uniflora L. halawa Spreading along trail by abandoned taro patches. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. baker, r.j.; coulter, j.w.; fosberg, f.r.; yuncker, t.g. collector number: 12665 Molokai BISH 12/27/1932
42 Eugenia uniflora L. sand island, pan am greenhouse Dampish shaded, old, neglected greenhouse. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN conant, s. collector number: 120 Midway Atoll BISH 7/16/1983
43 Eugenia uniflora L. w maui, lahaina district, honolua, mokupea gulch Metrosideros; moist PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h30103 Kauai BISH 3/3/2001
44 Eugenia uniflora L. Lihue PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 2080 Kauai BISH 6/10/1926
45 Eugenia uniflora L. Sand Island, Pan Am Greenhouse Dampish shaded, old, neglected greenhouse. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Conant, S. 120 Midway Atoll BISH 7/16/1983
46 Eugenia uniflora L. East Maui, near Haiku School In gulch. Associated vegetation: Thunbergia fragrans, Leucaena leucocephala. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. 011025-2 Maui BISH 10/25/2001
47 Eugenia uniflora L. honolulu, us experiment station along road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN macdaniels, l.h. collector number: 349 Maui BISH 10/25/1926
48 Eugenia uniflora L. Honolulu. 500 Lunalilo Home Road; Esplanade Condominiums Cultivated plants on south side of main entry from side walk. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Snow, N. Collector Number: 10040 Oahu BISH 6/4/2009
49 Eugenia uniflora L. east maui, near haiku school In gulch. Associated vegetation: Thunbergia fragrans, Leucaena leucocephala. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN starr, f. martz, k. collector number: 011025-2 Maui BISH 10/25/2001
50 Eugenia uniflora L. East Maui, Makawao District, Haiku PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H100114 Maui BISH 10/21/2001
51 Eugenia uniflora L. honolulu, foster botanical garden, 180 n. vineyard blvd PRESERVED_SPECIMEN spies, j. Oahu BISH 2/25/2001
52 Eugenia uniflora L. Ko`olauloa District, Pupukea. Naturalized in waste areas and in shade of cultivated trees. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H70916 Oahu BISH 7/22/2009
53 Eugenia uniflora L. honolulu, opposite mckinley high PRESERVED_SPECIMEN woolford, h.a. collector number: 265 Oahu BISH 1/9/1956
54 Eugenia uniflora L. near old homestead, halawa valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. baker, r.j.; coulter, j.w.; fosberg, f.r.; yuncker, t.g. collector number: sn Molokai BISH 12/27/1932
55 Eugenia uniflora L. Koloa District; Lawai, along Lauoho Rd In fence row and secondary thicket. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D.H. 5201 Kauai BISH 5/1/1987
56 Eugenia uniflora L. Foster Botanical Garden. Cultivated PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Snow, N. 10032 Oahu BISH 10/8/2008
57 Eugenia uniflora L. lihue PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. collector number: 2080 Kauai BISH 6/10/1926
58 Eugenia uniflora L. puhi camp, just w of kauai community college PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. hume collector number: 1622 Kauai BISH 4/3/1986
59 Eugenia uniflora L. East Maui, near Haiku School In gulch. Associated vegetation: Thunbergia fragrans, Leucaena leucocephala. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. Martz, K. Collector Number: 011025-2 Maui BISH 10/25/2001
60 Eugenia uniflora L. Puhi Camp, just W of Kauai Community College PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 1622 Kauai BISH 4/3/1986
61 Eugenia uniflora L. Hilo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. Collector Number: 7331 Hawaii BISH 4/10/1930
62 Eugenia uniflora L. Kalaupapa National Historical Park; Waihanau; behind dump PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wysong, M.L. 448 Molokai BISH 11/17/2004
63 Eugenia uniflora L. Sand Island, Pan Am Greenhouse Dampish shaded, old, neglected greenhouse. PreservedSpecimen Conant, S. Collector Number: 120 Midway Atoll BISH Specimen 7/16/1983
64 Eugenia uniflora L. W Maui, Lahaina District, Honolua, Mokupea Gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H30103 Maui BISH 3/3/2001
65 Eugenia uniflora L. UH campus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Krajina, V.J. s.n. Oahu BISH 2/10/1962
66 Eugenia uniflora L. Tree plot area; wailua Game Rerserve Area, above Wailua Vegetation on plots stripmined for bauxite ore in 1958-60, fertilizer applied topically. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Howard, R.A. 20211 Kauai BISH 10/20/1985
67 Eugenia uniflora L. koloa district; lawai, along lauoho rd roadside; with Helichrysum, Centaurium PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lorence, d.h. flynn, t. collector number: 5201 Hawaii BISH 5/1/1987
68 Eugenia uniflora L. Honolulu, Foster Botanical Garden, 180 N. Vineyard Blvd PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Spies, J. s.n. Oahu BISH 2/25/2001
69 Eugenia uniflora L. tree plot area; wailua game rerserve area, above wailua Vegetation on plots stripmined for bauxite ore in 1958-60, fertilizer applied topically. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN howard, r.a. collector number: 20211 Kauai BISH 10/20/1985
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