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Schiedea trinervis

(H.Mann) Pax & K.Hoffm. (1934)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-CoreEudicot Order: Caryophyllales Family: Caryophyllaceae Genus: Schiedea

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Erect or strongly ascending, branched shrubs 3–8(–18) dm tall, glabrous throughout except for the leaf margins.

Stems: Stems often swollen at the nodes, terete (cylindrical), 4–angled or –ridged, lateral branches of primary stems usually elongating several or more nodes below the inflorescence.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades elliptic–ovate or sometimes oblanceolate, 6–12.5 cm long, 2.3–6 (–6.8) cm wide. Apex weakly mucronate. Base leaf bases often connate around the stem. Surfaces green; blades thick, chartaceous at least when dry. Margins entire, serrulate, the teeth with antrorsely hooked hairs ca. 0.1–0.15 mm long. 3 principal veins, sometimes also with an inconspicuous looping pair of veins near the margins. Petioles 1.5–3 (–3.8) cm long, pale green, weakly to conspicuously connate around the stem. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescence pseudoaxillary, with (2–) 18–34 flowers; bracts much smaller than the uppermost leaves, recurved, the lowest pair to 1.4 cm long; peduncles 16–30 mm long, elongating to 50 mm long in fruit, secondary and tertiary intemodes of the lateral inflorescence branches 20–30 mm long; pedicels thinner, 10–20 mm long, elongating uniformly during inflorescence development. Flowers bisexual (perfect), cleistogamous, pendent. Calyx not or only slightly opening at anthesis; sepals 4 (5), 6–8 mm long, enlarging to 9–10 mm long and the inner ones to 10 mm wide and the outer ones to 14 mm wide in fruit, greenish white within, outer ones green externally, inner ones white, green toward midrib, elliptic to broadly elliptic, apex obtuse and retuse, or truncate, becoming dark purple and fleshy as fruit matures. Corolla (petals) absent. Stamens 10 (–11); filaments ca. 4.5 mm long, subequal; anthers 2.2–2.5 mm long, pale reddish purple at anthesis, changing to a darker reddish purple. Pollen gray. Ovary superior, -celled; ovule placentation free-central; styles 4–6 (–7), sometimes variable in number on the same plant, filiform; stigma receptive completely around the distal half or rarely nearly throughout its length, slightly enlarged and papillose.

Fruit: Capsules 8–12 mm long; ovoid to subglobose; enclosed by or exserted from the persistent dried calyx (in section Alsinidendron calyx fleshy and dark purple); dehiscing at maturity by 4–11 valves. Seeds relatively few to numerous; 1.4–1.8 mm long; the viable ones black or dark or light brown; the inviable ones usually reddish brown; orbicular–reniform; reniform; or rarely orbicular; usually laterally compressed; the surface rugose; papillose; or sometimes nearly smooth.

Ploidy: 2n = 50–54; 2n = 60

Habitat: Rare in wet montane forest.

Elevation Range: (600–) 900–1230 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

O'ahu Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • Description digitized by Mercedez
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
  • This species is very rarely collected, with only 2 collections since 1946. At least one population is still extant on a ridge below Mount Ka'ala; however, feral goats and subsequent invasion by Rubus orgutus threaten this species.

Bibliography

Name Published In: H.G.A.Engler, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 16c: 326 (1934)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:501 (O [as Alsinidendron trinerve]); Wagner, Weller & Sakai 2005:60 (Syn. A. trinerve = S. trinervis, KEY, DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Oahu BISH 1909-02-12
2 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Obata, J.K. Oahu BISH 1973-12-03
3 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Suehiro, A. 87 Oahu BISH 1933-07-08
4 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 6807 Oahu BISH 1998-02-10
5 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Suehiro, A. 87 Oahu BISH 1933-07-08
6 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Suehiro, A. 87 Oahu BISH 1933-07-08
7 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 6853 Oahu BISH 1998-02-12
8 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 229 Oahu BISH 1930-06-08
9 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Furmidge, G. Oahu BISH 1933-01-09
10 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. 582 Oahu BISH 1864-01-01
11 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Suehiro, A. 87 Oahu BISH 1933-07-08
12 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. 582 Oahu BISH 1864-01-01
13 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Orr, D. 72 Oahu BISH 1998-03-26
14 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 5942 Oahu BISH 1928-02-11
15 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Suehiro, A. Oahu BISH 1933-01-08
16 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. Oahu BISH 1864-01-01
17 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Krauss, N.H. Oahu BISH 1933-01-08
18 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lyon, H.L. Oahu BISH 1913-09-07
19 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. Oahu BISH 1864-01-01
20 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Oahu BISH 1909-02-12
21 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Furmidge, G. Oahu BISH 1933-01-09
22 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Inafuku, R. Oahu BISH 1930-11-30
23 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Oahu BISH 1946-03-03
24 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen 5960 Oahu BISH 1925-04-25
25 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Bryan Jr., E.H. 463 Oahu BISH 1928-07-22
26 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 133 Oahu BISH 1930-02-02
27 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen BISH
28 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet forest Preserved_Specimen 1 m shrub, fruit black Fosberg, F.R. 10861 Oahu BISH 1935-03-31
29 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Native mesophytic forest Preserved_Specimen shrub 0.3 m. Flower-white. Gagné, W.C. 685 Oahu BISH 1973-12-09
30 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details native mesophytic forest Preserved_Specimen Gagné, W.C. 485 Oahu BISH 1973-12-09
31 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details rain forest Preserved_Specimen 2 m shrub St.John, H. 17553 Oahu BISH 1935-02-02
32 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details moist slope Preserved_Specimen 4.5' bush MacDaniels, L.H. 934 Oahu BISH 1927-08-14
33 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details cave; with sedges, Rollandia, Trematolobelia, ohia, blackberry Preserved_Specimen 1-2'; flower and fruit Perlman, S. 5448 Oahu BISH 1987-03-15
34 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wooded slope Preserved_Specimen 5' bush Hosaka, E.Y. 351 Oahu BISH 1930-11-30
35 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details woods Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10060 Oahu BISH 1929-11-24
36 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details woods Preserved_Specimen 2-6' shrub, pod black St.John, H. 10645 Oahu BISH 1930-11-30
37 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details bog Preserved_Specimen fruit purplish black Cowan, R.S. 342 Oahu BISH 1946-11-17
38 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet forest Preserved_Specimen 2 m shrub, scandent Fosberg, F.R. 9073 Oahu BISH 1933-01-08
39 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Trematolobelia, Schiedea pubescens Preserved_Specimen ~10; fruit and flower buds Perlman, S. 4910 Oahu BISH 1986-07-27
40 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet forest Preserved_Specimen Christophersen, E. 1704 Oahu BISH 1931-04-03
41 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros rugosa Preserved_Specimen Grant, M.L. 7470 Oahu BISH 1934-10-04
42 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros, Ilex Preserved_Specimen Grant, M.L. 7413 Oahu BISH 1934-09-30
43 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing next to small waterfall in native wet forest. Growing with Metrosideros polymorpha, Melicope clusiifolia, Melicope christophersenii, Hymenasplenium unilaterale, Vaccinium calycinum, Anoectochilus sandvicensis, Cheirodendron platyphyllum, Cheirodendron trigynum, Asplenium contiguum, Aspenium acuminatum, Phylostegia grandiflora, Cibotium menziesii, Cibotium chamissoi, Sadleria pallida, Dicranopteris linearis, and many others. Preserved_Specimen Many branching shrub, mostly herbaceous. Flowers white, enclosed in cleistogamous petals (some barely opening). Leaves ovate to elliptic, petiolate, prominently three nerved. Fruit collected for propagation. Thomas, M.K. 475 Oahu BISH 2022-10-27
44 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details with Bidens, viola, Metrosideros, maile, guava, etc. Preserved_Specimen Fls. white, anthers deep rose colored. Gagné, B.H. Oahu BISH 1978-09-17
45 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet forest Preserved_Specimen Christophersen, E. 1769 Oahu BISH 1931-05-10
46 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details moist woods Preserved_Specimen Bergman, H.F. Oahu BISH 1928-02-11
47 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet, marshy forest Preserved_Specimen 2 m shrub; fruit black, fleshy Fosberg, F.R. 12628 Oahu BISH 1935-12-07
48 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Face of cliff, wet forest Preserved_Specimen Shrub 1-2.5 m. tall. fls greenish white, sepals, becoming black and fleshy in fruit Fosberg, F.R. 13661 Oahu BISH 1937-03-28
49 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details rain forest, steep ridge Preserved_Specimen 1-2 m shrub, flower whitish or greenish; leaves shiny, fleshy above, dark green St.John, H. 19970 Oahu BISH 1939-01-08
50 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet, wooded slopes Preserved_Specimen 5' shrub Hosaka, E.Y. Oahu BISH 1930-02-02
51 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet forest, steep slope Preserved_Specimen Furmidge, G. Oahu BISH 1933-01-08
52 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details muddy ridge Preserved_Specimen Ho, P. Oahu BISH 1930-11-30
53 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen erect shrub or tree, 3' ; perianth purple, fleshy, & stains Swezey, O.H. 1276 Oahu BISH 1924-05-12
54 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Potted shrub 18 tall. Fruits dark purple. Orr, D. 71 Oahu BISH 1998-03-26
55 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet Preserved_Specimen Davis, H. Oahu BISH 1933-01-08
56 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen 15 plants, scattered, with flower and fruit. Perlman, S. 5442 Oahu BISH 1981-03-15
57 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen shrub Bushnell, O.A. Oahu BISH 1933-11-05
58 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Nitta, K. 5970 Oahu BISH 1929-10-13
59 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Kerr, M. 1 Oahu BISH 1946-03-03
60 Schiedea trinervis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Orr, D. 70 Oahu BISH 1998-03-26
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