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Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Cyperaceae Genus: Cyperus

‘ahu‘awa, ahuʻawa [ahuawa]

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Perennials with short, woody rhizomes clothed with dark reddish brown or purplish brown scales and their fibrous remnants.

Stems: culms stout, 50–130 cm tall, 5–16 mm in diameter near base, trigonous, smooth.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Leaves several. Blades, linear, as long as or slightly longer than the culm, 8–15 mm wide, coriaceous. Margins entire. Sheathing; sheaths dark reddish brown. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescences umbelliform, compound or partially compound, moderately dense, 5–18 cm long, 7–25 cm wide, rays 6–12, spreading, 3–16 cm long, once branched, each branch with 2–4 secondary rays, spikes cylindrical to oblong–elliptic, 2.5–4 cm long, 1.2–2 cm wide, densely bearing numerous spikelets, bracteoles setaceous, shorter than to as long as the subtending lateral spikes; involucral bracts 5– 10, the lower ones much longer than the inflorescence and up to 12 mm wide; spikelets 6–8–flowered, widely spreading to slightly reflexed, linear-lanceoloid, subterete, slightly turgid, 10–16 mm long, 1.5– 2.5 mm wide, rachilla broadly winged; glumes green and often tinged pale yellowish brown, chartaceous with hyaline upper margins, oblong-lanceolate or oblong–elliptic, 4.5–5.5 mm long, 1.5–2.5 mm wide, laxly imbricate, suberect but those in upper part of spikelet weakly spreading, 7–nerved or 9–nerved, midnerve prolonged into a minute recurved mucro. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Corolla (petals) absent. Ovary superior; styles 5–6 mm long.

Fruit: Achenes oblong–ellipsoid; trigonous; 1.7–2 mm long; ca. 0.8 mm wide. Seeds 1; seed coat thin; free from pericarp; embryo basal; endosperm abundant.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Occurring in mesic to wet forest; often associated with waterways.

Elevation Range: 850–1,280 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic
O'ahu Endemic
Molokai Endemic
Maui Endemic
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1418 (K, O, Mo, M, H [as Mariscus hypochlorus subsp. hypochlorus]); Tucker 1994:87/Wagner & Herbst 1999:1900 (Syn. M. h. subsp. hypochlorus = C. h. var. hypochlorus); Meebold s.n. BISH 451842 (O†, 1932)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus East Maui, Makawao Forest Reserve, along Borge Ridge Rd. young koa forest Preserved_Specimen to 4'; involucral leaves 60-100 cm long Hobdy, R.W. 1376 Maui BISH 1982-04-30
2 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus Kohua Ridge north facing slopes above Awini Stream Metrosideros-Acacia montane mesic forest with Alphitonia pondersoa, Antidesma platyphylla, Euphorbia atrococca, Claoxylon sandwicensis, Dodonaea viscosa, Myrsine lanaiensis, Nestegis sandwicensis, Dracaena aurea, Polyscias kavaiensis, Planch Preserved_Specimen terrestrial, common Wood, K.R. 14946 Kauai BISH 2012-04-26
3 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus East Maui, Makawao Forest Reserve, along Borge Ridge Rd. young koa forest Preserved_Specimen to 4'; involucral leaves 60-100 cm long Hobdy, R.W. 1376 Maui BISH 1982-04-30
4 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus Nuololo, north facing slopes above drainage Metrosideros-Acacia montane mesic forest, 40-50% open, up to 20 m tall canopy, W/ Alphitonia ponderosa, Xylosma hawaiiensis, Claoxylon, Myrsine lanaiensis, Wikstroemia furcata, Dodonaea, Kadua affinis, Melicope ovata, Pleomele, Tetrplasandra kavaiensis, Psychotria greenwelliae Preserved_Specimen sedge, terrestrial on steep slopes and vertical walls of gulch, spiklets green, occasional Wood, K.R. 14506 Kauai BISH 2011-02-10
5 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus Kokee Camp moist Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2222 Kauai BISH 1926-06-23
6 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus 17 miles from Kohala toward Waimea Damp clearing in rain-forest above ranches Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2225 Hawaii BISH 1926-08-01
7 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus Kauai Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1008 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
8 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus East Maui, Makawao Forest Reserve, along Borge Ridge Rd. young koa forest Preserved_Specimen to 4'; involucral leaves 60-100 cm long Hobdy, R.W. 1376 Maui BISH 1982-04-30
9 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus East Maui, Hana Preserved_Specimen Faurie, A. 1262 Maui BISH 1909-09-01
10 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus East Maui, Makawao Forest Reserve Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2785 Maui BISH 1987-04-17
11 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus Pacific Hts. ridge Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2390 Oahu BISH 1916-08-01
12 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus East Maui, Makawao Forest Reserve Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2785 Maui BISH 1987-04-17
13 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus East Maui, Waikamoi trail Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8760 Maui BISH 1911-05-14
14 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus Kohala Mts., Kawainui ditch trail Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4432 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-12
15 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus West Maui, Pokakea gulch Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2669 Maui BISH 1987-01-02
16 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus East Maui, Waikamoi trail Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8760 Maui BISH 1911-05-14
17 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus East Maui, Waikamoi trail Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8760 Maui BISH 1911-05-14
18 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus East Maui, Makawao Forest Reserve Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2785 Maui BISH 1987-04-17
19 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus Waimea Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8410 Hawaii BISH 1960-06-01
20 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus Lanihuli ridge trail Preserved_Specimen MacDaniels, L.H. 189 Oahu BISH 1927-01-23
21 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus Waimea, Waialae near Ranger Station Preserved_Specimen Cranwell, L.M. 3085 Kauai BISH 1938-08-22
22 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus Hamakua Preserved_Specimen Couter, F.E. Hawaii BISH 1903-05-01
23 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus S of Puu Alii, Waikolu Stream headwaters A few plants observed near gulch bottom in open site near intermittent stream bed. Vegetation: Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Broussaisia, Kadua, Rubus, Coprosma, Diplazium, Athyrium, Sadleria, Cibotium, Astelia, Melicope, Myrsine, Labordia, Stenogyne, Peperomia, Cyanea. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 60702 Molokai BISH 2007-06-06
24 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus Olinda, pipe line trail open rain forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 8394 Maui BISH 1927-06-14
25 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus East Maui, above Makawao, Kealoha road upper bank Preserved_Specimen to 1 m Hobdy, R.W. 2400 Maui BISH 1985-05-24
26 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus East Maui, Waikamoi Forest Reserve, below access road to flume with ohia, koa, Eucalyptus Preserved_Specimen ~1.5 m Wagner, W.L. 5678 Maui BISH 1986-07-12
27 Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus Waianae Mts., Puu Hapapa Preserved_Specimen Meebold, A. Oahu BISH 1932-06-01
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