img

Erythrina sandwicensis

O.Deg. (1932)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Fabales Family: Fabaceae Genus: Erythrina

wiliwili

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Trees up to 15 m tall, bark reddish, papery, shallowly fissured.

Stems: Trunk and branches sparsely armed with conical prickles.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves compound (pinnately trifoliolate). Alternate, deciduous (usually absent when flowering). Blades 4–10 cm long, 6–15 cm wide; terminal leaflet deltate to rhombic–oblate, wider than long, lateral leaflets ovate, 4–8 cm long and 4–9 cm wide. Leaves terminal leaflet apex obtuse to rounded, lateral leaflets apices acute to rounded. Base of terminal leaflet truncate or rounded, base of lateral leaflets asymmetrical (cuneate on 1 side, rounded on the other). Upper surfaces glabrous; lower surfaces densely stellate–tomentose. Leaflet margins entire. Petioles of terminal leaflet 8–15 cm long, petiolules of lateral leaflets ca. 5 mm long. Stipules subulate, ca. 5 mm long, deciduous, paired glandular stipels on petiole below terminal and lateral leaflets.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescence axis horizontal, 10–15 cm long, flowers on distal ½ only. Flowers papilionaceous, bisexual (perfect); pedicels 3–10 mm long. Calyx fusiform in bud, 1.5–2 cm long, with 5 apical knobs, splitting open on dorsal side as corolla emerges, thus becoming spathaceous and thrust beneath corolla, thin and chartaceous, densely brownish felty stellate tomentose. Corolla usually orange, sometimes yellow, white, or pale green (all colors present in some populations), standard broadly ovate to elliptic, clavate, reflexed and erect, 4–5 cm long (incl. claw) and equally wide, wings elliptic, somewhat hooded, 1.5–2 cm long, 0.8–1 cm wide, keel petals distinct, elliptic, hooded, slightly shorter than wings and about as wide. corolla standard much larger than wings and keel. Stamens 10, monadelphous, 4–5 cm long, the adaxial stamen distinct in upper ⅔, the other 9 distinct in upper ¼. Ovary superior, stipitate, 2–2.5 cm long, stellate pubescent; style filiform, glabrous, 2–2.5 cm long; stigma capitate.

Fruit: Pods pendent; subligneous; 1–3–seeded; slightly constricted between the seeds; endocarp papery. Seeds red to yellowish orange; ca. 1.5 cm long; ca. 1 cm wide; hilum black; persistent on pods long after maturity.

Ploidy: 2n = 42*

Habitat: Common in dry forest.

Elevation Range: up to 600 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

img
img
img

Uses and Culture

USES

  • Light weight wood used for surfboards (Malo 1951:21, 223), outriggers (booms & floats) (Abbott 1992:82; Malo 1951:126), and fish floats (Degener 1930:215), burnt to make paint (Abbott 1992:81); seeds for lei (Abbott 1992:125) and kupee ("hula leglets", Kamehameha Schools 1994:29).

  • The flowers of the wiliwili are used to treat venereal disease. A tea from the pounded bark is combined with nioi (chili pepper, Capsicum annuum), another herb, and ‘awa (Piper methysticum), in the morning it is followed with koali (Ipomoea spp.) (Akana 1922:74; Chun 1998:52–53).

CULTURE

  • [I] Ka wiliwili o Kaupe'a. The Wiliwili Grove of Kaupe‘a. In ‘Ewa, O‘ahu, where homeless ghosts wander among the trees. [II] Pua ka wiliwili nanahu ka mano; pua ka wahine u‘i nanahu ke kanawai. When the wiliwili blooms, the sharks bite; when a beautiful woman blossoms the law bites. A beautiful woman attracts young men, "sharks", who fight over her. The law steps in to keep the rivalry from getting out of hand (the law "bites"). It is said that the wiliwili blooms during the mating season of sharks, and that is when they will "bite". This saying is also part of the Hula Mano.

  • Three famous wiliwili trees near Puhi‘ula Cave (at Pa‘ula in Ka‘u, Hawai‘i Island). These were three sisters (see moolelo). One of the few native trees that still survives on goat- and bomb-ravaged Kaho‘olawe. Section of McCully called Wiliwili. Wiliwilinui Ridge in Wai‘alae. The Wiliwili Grove of Kaupe‘a in ‘Ewa, O‘ahu.

PROPAGATION/CULTIVATION

  • Seeds of Erythrina sandwicensis are contained in woody pods. The Hawaiian name, wiliwili, means repeatedly twisted and refers to the seed pods which twist open to reveal the seeds. Pods usually contain 1 to 3 seeds, but may contain as many as 6 seeds. The seeds are red or orange and about 1/2 inch long. The seeds can easily be removed from the pods by hand.
  • Criley states that untreated seeds take as little as 5 days to germinate. However, for best germination, the seed coat should be penetrated (scarified) to allow water to enter the seed. This can be done using sandpaper, nail clippers, or by cracking with a hammer. Care must be taken to avoid damaging the inner part of the seed. Scarified seeds germinate in 3 to 14 days with close to 100% germination rate. In his germination studies, Obata found that untreated seeds of Erythrina sandwicensis had germination rates ranging from 30 to 75%.
  • Seeds of Erythrina sandwicensis can also be soaked in hot (120 degree F) water for 1 to 24 hours. Seeds should be soaked only until they swell. It is reported that hot water treated seeds take 14 days to one year to germinate.
  • The seeds can be planted up to 1/2 inch deep in sterile well-drained potting media such as 1 part perlite to 1 part sterile potting mix. Stratton's informants recommend mixtures of either 3 parts #2 perlite to 1 part Sunshine Mix #4 or 4 parts cinder to 1 part soil. They also recommend planting individual seeds in 3 inch pots to minimize root damage during transplanting. Some sources recommend that the seeds should be placed in the shade until the first true leaves appear; others suggest full sun since the seeds tend to rot if kept too moist.
  • Lilleeng-Rosenberger's notes show scarified fresh seeds generally germinate in less than 1 week. Germination percentages for these seeds ranged from 72% to 100%.
  • To store seeds of Erythrina sandwicensis, remove them from their pods and air dry them at room temperature. Place them in a paper bag or envelope in an airtight container with a desiccant. Keep them in a cool place with about 25% relative humidity or in the refrigerator. (Bornhorst 1996; Criley 1998; Criley 1999; Lilleeng-Rosenberger 1996; NTBG 1992; NTBG 1996; Stratton 1998; Obata 1967; Wagner 1990)
  • Erythrina sandwicensis can also be propagated by cuttings. This method can be used to insure that the new plants have the same flower color as the parent plant. Cuttings need to be taken when the parent plant is not in flower. Most sources recommend that large cuttings be taken with each cutting at least 1 1/2 inch in diameter and 1 1/2 to 2 feet long. Bornhorst suggests that cuttings can be as long as 6 feet. Each cutting should have at least three nodes. Stratton's article, on the other hand, suggests cuttings from 2 to 6 inches long and Rauch recommends tip cuttings.
  • If using large cuttings, plant the cuttings in one gallon pots using a well-drained medium such as 3 parts perlite to 1 part vermiculite. Keep the cuttings moist and in a shady area until they have rooted. Criley states that rooting hormone treatment would probably enhance speed of rooting, but no studies have been published on this. Weissich states that strong rooting hormone and intermittent mist improve results, but no specifics are given. (Bornhorst 1996; Criley 1999; NTBG 1992; Rauch 1997; Stratton 1998; Weissich 1995)
  • Erythrina sandwicensis can also be propagated by air layering. Criley states that rooting hormone treatment would probably enhance air layer rooting, but there are no published information on this. (Criley 1999; Rauch 1997; Stratton 1998) [Data from Herring, E. C., & Criley, R. A. (2003). The Hawaiian Native Plant Propagation Web Site: Developing a Webbased Information Resource. HortTechnology, 13(3), 545-548. https://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/hawnprop/]

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Ni'ihau(Incl. Lehua) Endemic
Kaua'i Endemic
O'ahu Endemic
Molokai Endemic
Lana'i Endemic
Kaho'olawe Endemic
Maui Endemic
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • Description digitized by Rafael Domingo
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
  • also known as wiliwili, wood used for outriggers, seeds for lei
  • not mentioned
  • up to 600 m

Bibliography

Name Published In: Fl. Hawaiiensis 169c: s.p. (1932)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:672 (Ni, K, O, Mo, L, M, Ka, H); Staples & Herbst 2005:315 (KEY), 316 (DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Erythrina sandwicensis unknown Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. BISH
2 Erythrina sandwicensis unknown Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. BISH
3 Erythrina sandwicensis Kalapana Ranger Station Preserved_Specimen Krajina, V.J. 660627021 Hawaii BISH 1966-06-27
4 Erythrina sandwicensis Kaa Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 356 Lanai BISH 1928-08-14
5 Erythrina sandwicensis Niihau Preserved_Specimen Gregory, H.E. 1432 Niihau BISH 1926-09-24
6 Erythrina sandwicensis Manele Valley Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 189 Lanai BISH 1913-10-29
7 Erythrina sandwicensis Wailupe Valley, right fork Preserved_Specimen Garber, D.W. 143 Oahu BISH 1920-01-12
8 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral plain below Ewa and Sisal Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2329 Oahu BISH 1916-03-14
9 Erythrina sandwicensis Mauna Loa Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 10 Molokai BISH 1912-06-01
10 Erythrina sandwicensis Wailupe Valley, right fork Preserved_Specimen Garber, D.W. 143 Oahu BISH 1920-01-12
11 Erythrina sandwicensis along the Hanapepe River, near the falls Preserved_Specimen Heller, A.A. 2445 Kauai BISH 1895-06-24
12 Erythrina sandwicensis West Maui Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. 394 Maui BISH 1864-01-01
13 Erythrina sandwicensis North Kona District. Puuwaawaa. 30.8 mi north of intersection of Kealakekua Rd and Belt Rd Preserved_Specimen Ozaki, E.T. 1331 Hawaii BISH 1954-12-28
14 Erythrina sandwicensis Kaa Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 355 Lanai BISH 1928-08-14
15 Erythrina sandwicensis Makaweli Gulch Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 2156 Kauai BISH 1909-03-03
16 Erythrina sandwicensis Near Puu Waawae Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 2103 Hawaii BISH 1922-09-27
17 Erythrina sandwicensis Right fork Wailupe Valley, Oahu Preserved_Specimen Garber, D.W. 143 Oahu BISH 1920-01-12
18 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral Flats Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. 5 Oahu BISH 1957-06-29
19 Erythrina sandwicensis Kaa Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 358 Lanai BISH
20 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral Flats Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. Oahu BISH 1957-07-20
21 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral Flats Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. Oahu BISH 1957-07-13
22 Erythrina sandwicensis Palehua-Mauna Kapu, East end of Waianae Range. In canyon adjacent to Nike Missile Site. Growing adjacent to road Preserved_Specimen Gillett, G.W. Oahu BISH 1966-09-01
23 Erythrina sandwicensis Nonopapa Thicket on dry flat Preserved_Specimen Tree 7 m. x 2 cm., fl. pale green, seeds dull yellow. Wiliwili lenalena. St.John, H. 22769 Niihau BISH 1947-08-13
24 Erythrina sandwicensis Kahoolawe Preserved_Specimen Stokes, J.F.G. Kahoolawe BISH 1913-02-10
25 Erythrina sandwicensis gulch E of Puu Kaupakuhale, Mokuleia, Puu Kaala, Waianae Mts Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. Oahu BISH 1932-10-23
26 Erythrina sandwicensis Foot of plateau, SE Preserved_Specimen Stokes, J.F.G. Niihau BISH 1912-01-01
27 Erythrina sandwicensis Koko Head Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Oahu BISH 1914-01-01
28 Erythrina sandwicensis Mahana Valley Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Molokai BISH 1910-03-01
29 Erythrina sandwicensis Keaau Makua Forest Reserve. Waianae Mountains, Piko Trail Preserved_Specimen Baker, R.J. Oahu BISH 1932-11-25
30 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral Flats Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. Oahu BISH 1957-06-20
31 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral Flats Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. Oahu BISH 1957-07-13
32 Erythrina sandwicensis Holea, Kau Preserved_Specimen Russ, G.W. Hawaii BISH 1929-09-01
33 Erythrina sandwicensis Foot of plateau, SE Preserved_Specimen Stokes, J.F.G. Niihau BISH 1912-01-01
34 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral Flats Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. Oahu BISH 1957-01-01
35 Erythrina sandwicensis Waianae Mts., E base Preserved_Specimen Oahu BISH 1946-02-23
36 Erythrina sandwicensis Makaleha Valley Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Oahu BISH
37 Erythrina sandwicensis Ridge between Hanapepe and Wahiawa Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 303 Kauai BISH 1909-08-28
38 Erythrina sandwicensis Maunalei Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8118 Lanai BISH 1910-07-13
39 Erythrina sandwicensis Puna, Wahaula, mauka of heiau Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. 3028 Hawaii BISH 1959-06-01
40 Erythrina sandwicensis Koko Crater Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1749 Oahu BISH 1910-02-15
41 Erythrina sandwicensis Niu, central ridge Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1901 Oahu BISH 1914-02-08
42 Erythrina sandwicensis 2.4 mi W of Molokai Airport, along rd. to Mauna Loa, jct. with road to Moomomi and Kakaauuku Gulch Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 4937 Molokai BISH 1983-07-31
43 Erythrina sandwicensis Kaa Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 359 Lanai BISH
44 Erythrina sandwicensis East Maui, 5.3 mi E of Ulupalakua dry aa lava Preserved_Specimen armed tree, ~15' tall x 1' dbh, with orangish, slightly furrowed bark. Foliage dark green above, brown tomentose below. Flowers chartruese; seeds orange Herbst, D.R. 841 Maui BISH 1968-01-01
45 Erythrina sandwicensis Kealia Trail, Kawaihapai dry forehill Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 12962 Oahu BISH 1940-08-03
46 Erythrina sandwicensis Keomuku Rd, along, 5.3 mi from Koele arid pasture, erosion gullies Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 5291 Lanai BISH 1975-04-30
47 Erythrina sandwicensis East Maui, 9.4 mi E of Ulupalakua Ranch on Piilani Hwy. (Hwy 31), 3.5 mi W of Manawainui In disturbed shrubland dominated by Lantana. Preserved_Specimen Tree 2 m tall. Wagner, W.L. 4763 Maui BISH 1983-01-14
48 Erythrina sandwicensis Puuwaawaa arid lava flow Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 7210 Hawaii BISH 1931-07-09
49 Erythrina sandwicensis Ulupalakua-Kaupo Highway, S of Haleakala Crater dry forest on lava slopes Preserved_Specimen spreading tree, 15x1'; flowers light yellow Little Jr., E.L. 31105 Maui BISH 1976-08-25
50 Erythrina sandwicensis Puuwaawaa, N. Kona on aa lava Preserved_Specimen flowers solid scarlet, staminal column crimson St.John, H. 25477 Hawaii BISH 1954-12-28
51 Erythrina sandwicensis Kealia Pali bare slope Preserved_Specimen tree, ~4 m high; flowers vermillion orange; fruit single reddish vermillion beans in brown pods Bryan Jr., E.H. 788 Oahu BISH 1934-09-25
52 Erythrina sandwicensis Ulupalakua-Kaupo Highway, S of Haleakala Crater dry forest on lava slopes Preserved_Specimen tree 15x1'. Flowers orange Little Jr., E.L. 31106 Maui BISH 1976-08-25
53 Erythrina sandwicensis Puu Kaua, Waianae Mts., Honouliuli gulch Preserved_Specimen tree 18 x 2 ft. St.John, H. 11168 Oahu BISH 1931-11-22
54 Erythrina sandwicensis W Maui, S ridge of Launiupoko Valley Dry rocky ridge. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 17714 Maui BISH 1936-12-20
55 Erythrina sandwicensis Kapulei Ridge, Kamalo arid, rocky Preserved_Specimen flowers orange Degener, O. 7215 Molokai BISH 1928-06-25
56 Erythrina sandwicensis Makapuu dry plain Preserved_Specimen Hume, E.P. 186 Oahu BISH 1931-04-19
57 Erythrina sandwicensis near Magnetic Station, Ewa Coral Plain dry Preserved_Specimen spreading tree 6 m tall, trunk and stems thick, greenish Fosberg, F.R. 12814 Oahu BISH 1936-01-12
58 Erythrina sandwicensis Mokuleia-Makua divide, Waianae Mts wooded gulch Preserved_Specimen 25x2' tree St.John, H. 12254 Oahu BISH 1932-11-25
59 Erythrina sandwicensis Half way between Kaalualu and Waiohinu, Hawaii In dry a`a kipuka Preserved_Specimen Flowers orange, appearing before leaves. Degener, O. 7211 Hawaii BISH 1929-09-07
60 Erythrina sandwicensis Aina Haina arid, rocky slopes Preserved_Specimen 4 m tree Takeuchi, W.N. 2546 Oahu BISH 1985-11-11
61 Erythrina sandwicensis Lualualei, central valley gulches, with kukui Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 3303 Oahu BISH 1987-01-01
62 Erythrina sandwicensis Kaunakakai, along road to Maunahui dry gully Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 12642 Molokai BISH 1932-12-26
63 Erythrina sandwicensis Puna, ~1/4 mi E of Wahaula Heiau 200 yds. from rocky coast, aa lava Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. 2892 Hawaii BISH 1959-06-21
64 Erythrina sandwicensis Waipao Valley, 4 mi N of Kekaha Semiarid woodland, heavily grazed by cattle. Preserved_Specimen Tree 8 m tall. Corolla light green. Large population (200+ individuals) of native Erythrina, with great variety of flower colour. Most trees leafless when flowering. Neill, D. 5236 Kauai BISH 1982-05-31
65 Erythrina sandwicensis Barbers Point Naval Air Station Dry forest on rocky coral flat substrate. Preserved_Specimen Tree leafless when flowering. Colour of corolla standard: Royal Horticultural Society Orange 26-A. Neill, D. 5301 Oahu BISH 1982-07-22
66 Erythrina sandwicensis Keomuku Rd. 5.3 mi from Koele arid erosion gully-pasture Preserved_Specimen medium tree Herbst, D.R. 5291 Lanai BISH 1975-04-30
67 Erythrina sandwicensis Along road from Waimea to Hawi; about 100m downslope from road near 4 mile marker Dry pasture with scattered Erythrina trees Preserved_Specimen Tree 5m tall, flowering prolifically Price, J.P. 8 Hawaii BISH 2000-07-21
68 Erythrina sandwicensis Ahihi-Kinau Natural Area Reserve, Makena-Keoneoio road Pockets of vegetation in a'a lava and at roadside. Growing on the roadside. Preserved_Specimen Abbott, I.A. 91.61 Maui BISH 1991-03-06
69 Erythrina sandwicensis Maunalei Gulch arid talus Preserved_Specimen corolla greenish yellow with pale salmon border Degener, O. 24260 Lanai BISH 1957-08-20
70 Erythrina sandwicensis Between the two forks of the base of Kulepeamoa Ridge. Dry grassy sub-gulch. With Leucaena leucocephala, Prosopis (palida?), Clusia rosea, various weedy grasses. Preserved_Specimen Small sub-population of 7. Tree; 4-5m tall; 10 cm diam DBH. Many leaf buds with 1st leaf opening (collected). No flowers on this tree however other individuals in the gulch have pale greenish-yellow petals with an orange margins. Stamens red. Pistils green. Largest tree in sub-population DBH = >2ft, smallest tree 2.5m tall with a DBH of 11 cm. Fruit in area not as ripe as the population on the east fork of the ridge at 21.29117, -157.73560. This individual had many fruit - some ripe but many not. Walvoord, N. 2023037 Oahu BISH 2023-10-28
71 Erythrina sandwicensis Kealia steep hillside Preserved_Specimen tree 7m x 30 cm; flowers salmon colored St.John, H. 17650 Oahu BISH 1936-11-08
72 Erythrina sandwicensis Along Waikoloa Road about, 1.7 miles below intersection with Paniolo Avenue Disturbed dry habitat with scattered Erythrina trees, Prosopis and Pennisetum setaceum Preserved_Specimen Tree 5 m tall with scattered flowers Price, J.P. 12 Hawaii BISH 2000-07-21
73 Erythrina sandwicensis lee shore moist Preserved_Specimen Gammon, C. Lanai BISH 1950-09-08
74 Erythrina sandwicensis Barbers Point Naval Air Station Dry forest on rocky coral flat substrate. Preserved_Specimen Colour of corolla standard: Royal Hort. Soc. Yellow-Green 151-D Neill, D. 5302 Oahu BISH 1982-07-22
75 Erythrina sandwicensis Koele-Keomuku Rd. Mahana dry rocky basalt gulch Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 18822 Lanai BISH 1938-04-12
76 Erythrina sandwicensis Polihale, Waimea Dry thicket near beach. Preserved_Specimen Tree 7 m x 3 dm. Keel salmon coloured, wings greenish salmon coloured. St.John, H. 25552 Kauai BISH 1955-06-21
77 Erythrina sandwicensis Kalama Valley On inner slope of Kalama Crater Preserved_Specimen Small tree, height 4 m., flower greenish and pinkish, fruit brown with 2 red beans, Diam., 10 c.m., bark dark olive green, sapwood/heartwood soft, cream-yellow-brown-whitish pith Bryan Jr., E.H. 1299 Oahu BISH 1937-09-01
78 Erythrina sandwicensis Waipao Valley, 4 mi N of Kekaha Semiarid woodland, heavily grazed by cattle. Preserved_Specimen Tree to 8m tall. Colour of corolla standard: Royal Hort. Soc. Yellow-Orange 14-C, shading to Orange 25-A along margins. Neill, D. 5296 Kauai BISH 1982-07-08
79 Erythrina sandwicensis Kipapa Gulch, Waipio, Koolau Mts dry slope Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1280 Oahu BISH 1935-02-24
80 Erythrina sandwicensis Honolulu, 2356 Waiolani Ave edge of street Preserved_Specimen small tree with few juvenile leaves; flowers, in spikes ~6 long, calyx brown woolly, slit to near base on 1 side, 2/3 long; corolla keel 1.75x1.25, ovalate, pale yellow edged with apricot, pale green at base; petals tine pale green; stamens 10, 1 free near base, 9 joined 3/4, free 1/2; staminal sheath dull rose-red Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1962-09-25
81 Erythrina sandwicensis Punaluu, Kau aa lava flow Preserved_Specimen tree ~8' high Neal, M.C. Hawaii BISH 1929-08-08
82 Erythrina sandwicensis Waimea Valley, trail 1/2 way to falls dry hillside Preserved_Specimen tree 20 x 2 ft. St.John, H. 11983 Oahu BISH 1932-07-03
83 Erythrina sandwicensis Kona side of Puuwaawaa ranch turn off about 23.2 miles from Kamuela Small groove on `a`a. Preserved_Specimen Tree ca. 30' tall, 10 dbh, 35' spread. Excellent vigor. Many seedlings seen. Clarke, G. 675 Hawaii BISH 1982-03-16
84 Erythrina sandwicensis Kipu Kai, 100 m to the E of main house Around small dry rocky gulch, secondary non-native coastal plants with Syzygium cumini, Leucaena leucocephala, Panicum maximum, Lantana camara, Digitaria setigera, Parthenium hysterophorus. With native Rhamnaceae Colubrina asiatica. Preserved_Specimen Tree, 3.5 m tall, 45 cm diameter, stems green with yellow tinge, thickly branched with tightly twisted and mushroom shaped canopy. Three trees observed. Seeds collected from ground and in tree, gall wasp obvious, coleoptera collected for BISH (KI./R. Wood 11584-A). Wood, K.R. 11584 Kauai BISH 2005-10-17
85 Erythrina sandwicensis Bishop Museum Grounds full sun Preserved_Specimen tree 4 m. Standard is chartreuse with tinges of coral. Remaining petals are citron. No fragrance (at noon) Lau, J. 1264 Oahu BISH 1985-07-25
86 Erythrina sandwicensis Keawaula rocky slope Preserved_Specimen corolla cream with yellow margin, Takeuchi, W.N. 2765 Oahu BISH 1986-08-22
87 Erythrina sandwicensis Koko Crater dry ravine Preserved_Specimen tree 4 m tall, wide spread Fosberg, F.R. 9135 Oahu BISH 1933-01-27
88 Erythrina sandwicensis S ridge of Launiupoko Valley dry, rocky Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 17714 Maui BISH 1936-12-20
89 Erythrina sandwicensis West Molokai, N of Puu Nana arid Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 7212 Molokai BISH 1928-04-29
90 Erythrina sandwicensis Kahoolawe, windswept central plateau Windswept central plateau Preserved_Specimen Bryan Jr., E.H. 717 Kahoolawe BISH 1931-02-13
91 Erythrina sandwicensis East Maui, S slope of Haleakala aa lava cattle range Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 19321 Maui BISH 1948-12-22
92 Erythrina sandwicensis Waiahewahewa Gulch arid Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 7213 Molokai BISH 1928-04-18
93 Erythrina sandwicensis SW of Kealia trail, along cliffs ~400 yds. from large mango tree, Waianae Mts with Leucaena glauca and Reynoldsia sandwicensis Preserved_Specimen Tree ~20x1.5' Leaves smpd, 3 deltoid, 1 leaflet tomentose, lower supface, glabrous on top. Seed pod 3.5x5 cm long with 2 to many seeds (red) Spence, G. 13 Oahu BISH 1971-12-05
94 Erythrina sandwicensis Apana Valley Rocky dry gulch Preserved_Specimen Tree 6 m. x 2 dm.; fl. yellowish green; seeds red. See phot 191-11,12, K157-6,7, K158-1 St.John, H. 22806 Niihau BISH 1947-08-14
95 Erythrina sandwicensis Koko Crater, Maunalua Dry ravine. Preserved_Specimen Tree 4 m tall, wide spreading. Fosberg, F.R. 9135 Oahu BISH 1933-01-27
96 Erythrina sandwicensis Kalaupapa; Kauhako crater, SW zone trail through ohe makai-halapepe forest; rim, open Preserved_Specimen tree Wysong, M.L. 531 Molokai BISH 2004-12-08
97 Erythrina sandwicensis Aina Haina arid, rocky slopes Preserved_Specimen 4 m tree Takeuchi, W.N. 2546 Oahu BISH 1985-11-11
98 Erythrina sandwicensis Between Kekaha and Puu ka Pele Lowland forest, very dry area Preserved_Specimen Tree, 12 in. dia. at base; flowers bright orange; bark green, thin; tree leafless at this time of year. Stern, W.L. 1294 Kauai BISH 1961-08-01
99 Erythrina sandwicensis Kealia Pali bare slope Preserved_Specimen tree, ~4 m high; flowers vermillion orange; fruit single reddish vermillion beans in brown pods Bryan Jr., E.H. 788 Oahu BISH 1934-09-25
100 Erythrina sandwicensis East Molokai, near center dry forest Preserved_Specimen tree 30x1'; flowers orange Little Jr., E.L. 31219 Molokai BISH 1976-09-15
101 Erythrina sandwicensis Keawaula rocky slope Preserved_Specimen corolla cream with yellow margin, Takeuchi, W.N. 2765 Oahu BISH 1986-08-22
102 Erythrina sandwicensis lower section of Waikolu Valley Lookout road near Puu Luahine pasture, Prosopis forest Preserved_Specimen tree 20' x 10. Leaves compound, 3 deltoid leaflets tomentose lower surface; glabrose upper. Pods to 5 cm long Spence, G. 123 Molokai BISH 1972-11-30
103 Erythrina sandwicensis E. of Huehue, Huehue 1808 lava flow. Preserved_Specimen Tree 15 ft x 1 ft St.John, H. 11037 Hawaii BISH 1931-03-13
104 Erythrina sandwicensis Kona side of Puuwaawaa ranch turn off about 23.2. miles from Kamuela On `a`a. Preserved_Specimen Tree ca. 30' tall, 10 d.b.h., 35' spread. Excellent vigor. Small grove, many seedlings seen. Clarke, G. 675 Hawaii BISH 1982-03-16
105 Erythrina sandwicensis Maunalei Gulch, Kauiki talus slope Preserved_Specimen tree 5 m tall, trunk and branches somewhat prickly Fosberg, F.R. 12569 Lanai BISH 1935-12-02
106 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral Flats near cattle feeding spot on way from grove to bee hives Preserved_Specimen see record Woolford, H.A. 9 Oahu BISH 1957-07-20
107 Erythrina sandwicensis head of Makua Valley bottom dry gully Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 9041 Oahu BISH 1932-11-25
108 Erythrina sandwicensis On dry aa lava about 6 miles E of Ulupalakua Dry a`a lava Preserved_Specimen Small tree with swollen branches, spreading crown, few prickles. Bark orange, thin, almost transluscent texture. Flowers dark orange with red staminal filaments. Seeds orange. Herbst, D.R. 828 Maui BISH 1967-12-30
109 Erythrina sandwicensis East Maui, 9.4 mi E of Ulupalakua Ranch on Hwy. 31, 3.5 mi W of Maunawainui disturbed shrubland, Lantana Preserved_Specimen 2 m tree Wagner, W.L. 4763 Maui BISH 1983-01-14
110 Erythrina sandwicensis Kapulei Ridge, Kamalo arid, rocky Preserved_Specimen greenish-yellow flowers Degener, O. 7216 Molokai BISH 1928-06-25
111 Erythrina sandwicensis Auwahi rough aa lava Preserved_Specimen seeds scarlet St.John, H. 24737 Maui BISH 1951-12-26
112 Erythrina sandwicensis Koko Crater, Maunalua Dry w. slope in ravine under Prosopis. Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 9133 Oahu BISH 1933-01-27
113 Erythrina sandwicensis East Maui, Auwahi, Ulupalakua-Hana road, 4 mi SE of Ranch house Preserved_Specimen 20' tree Chock, A.K. 320 Maui BISH 1951-12-26
114 Erythrina sandwicensis Bishop Museum, Diamond Head mauka corner of grounds next to Bernice Street Preserved_Specimen 15 ft. tall tree. Flrs orange. Imada, C. 976 Oahu BISH 1997-08-12
115 Erythrina sandwicensis Paomai Preserved_Specimen yellow flowers Munro, G.C. 99 Lanai BISH 1913-09-14
116 Erythrina sandwicensis Honolulu, Ft. Shafter interchange off the Moanalua Freeway (Hwy.78). Roadside planting along freeway, one of 4 trees off the makai-Ewa ramp Preserved_Specimen Tree 20' tall, trunk single, ca 2.5' d.b.h., bark dark brown, a few spines present; flws pale orange to apricot, standard broad, +/- reflexed, keel almost spherical, glossy darker red. Calyx and infl. axis scurfy, lvs scurfy below. Medbury, S. 799 Oahu BISH 1992-03-17
117 Erythrina sandwicensis Lualualei, central valley gulches, with kukui Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 3303 Oahu BISH 1987-01-01
118 Erythrina sandwicensis North Kona District, land of Puuanahulu, Puu Huluhulu Preserved_Specimen Common tree 20 ft tall, with 12 inch DBH. Flowers orange with red staminal filaments; bark smooth, orangish with a few black prickles. Herbst, D.R. 5476 Hawaii BISH 1975-09-23
119 Erythrina sandwicensis Halena Gulch, Kaluakoi Preserved_Specimen tree 6 m x 2 dm; seeds bright red St.John, H. 23498 Molokai BISH 1948-12-25
120 Erythrina sandwicensis Kalama Valley, inner slope of Kalama Crater Preserved_Specimen Small tree; fruit, brown pod with red bean; flower, green and pink; bark, dark olive green; sapwood and heartwood, soft, cream-yellow-brown; tree, 4 m tall. Bryan Jr., E.H. 1299 Oahu BISH 1937-09-01
121 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral Flats. Opposite side of trail from trees 9A and 9B Preserved_Specimen Tree 9C. Inside standard: Inside center, glass green, plate XXI. Veins -- viridine green, plate VI. Border -- bittersweet pink, plate II. Outside standard: Chrysolite green, plate XXXI. Veins -- Kildare green, plate XXXI. Border -- apricot orange, plate XVI. Wings: CLear yellow-green, plate VI. Veins -- calliste green, plate VI. Stamen, filaments and filament tube -- shrimp pink, plate I. Base and small center area of filament tube -- sea foam green, plate XXXI. Seeds under tree red. Woolford, H.A. 9 Oahu BISH 1957-01-01
122 Erythrina sandwicensis Haleiwa, Oahu. Waimea Arboretum & Botanical Garden Preserved_Specimen Tree 8 m tall. Leaves beginning to flush midway through blooming period. Colour of corolla standard: Royal Hort. Soc. Green-Yellow 1C in center, shading to Orange 26A along margin. Neill, D. 5305 Oahu BISH 1982-07-22
123 Erythrina sandwicensis Koko Crater Preserved_Specimen Tree 10 m tall; corollas pale yellow, orange at the edge of the petals; fruits brown. Miller, J.S. 7883 Oahu BISH 1992-08-01
124 Erythrina sandwicensis Ewa, Coral Flats Preserved_Specimen small tree; see record for details Woolford, H.A. 15 Oahu BISH 1957-08-11
125 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral Flats Preserved_Specimen see report for details Woolford, H.A. 9 Oahu BISH 1957-07-28
126 Erythrina sandwicensis Plain between Koko Crater and Makapuu Preserved_Specimen Tree with white fls., 6 m. tall. Hume, E.P. 187 Oahu BISH 1931-04-19
127 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral Flats, near cement basement Preserved_Specimen see report for details Woolford, H.A. Oahu BISH 1957-07-05
128 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral Flats Preserved_Specimen see record for details Woolford, H.A. 3 Oahu BISH 1957-06-29
129 Erythrina sandwicensis S. Kona, Kona Road, between lava flows of 1887 and 1907 Preserved_Specimen Tree 4 m tall. Flowers orange. Fosberg, F.R. 10142 Hawaii BISH 1933-08-31
130 Erythrina sandwicensis Ewa. Same grove as 15A Preserved_Specimen Tree 15B Small tree. Outside standard: primrose yellow, plate XXX. Veins -- clear fluorite green, plate XXXV. Border -- flame scarlet, plate II. Inside standard: light viridine yellow, plate V. Border -- peach red, plate I. Filament and most of filament tube: orange vivaceous, plate XXVII. Wings: lumiere green, plate XVII. Woolford, H.A. 15 Oahu BISH 1957-08-11
131 Erythrina sandwicensis Paomai Preserved_Specimen red flowers Munro, G.C. 68 Lanai BISH 1914-03-10
132 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral Flats Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. 5 Oahu BISH 1957-06-29
133 Erythrina sandwicensis Oahu Preserved_Specimen Petal - grass green; border, inside and out, apricot orange. Stamens - jasper pink Woolford, H.A. 8 Oahu BISH 1957-06-22
134 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral Flats Preserved_Specimen Tree 9D. Ouside standard: antimony yellow, plate XV. Border -- rufous, plate XV. Inside standard: light ochraeous buff, plate XV. Border -- flesh ocher, plate XIV. Veins -- courge green, plate XVII. Filaments and edges of filament tubes: Jasper pink, plate XIII. Balance of filament tube: plate chalcedancy yellow, plate SVII. Wings: light dull green-yellow, plate XVII. Veins -- courge green. Seeds: Jasper red, plate XIII. Woolford, H.A. 9 Oahu BISH 1957-08-18
135 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral Flats Preserved_Specimen see report for details Woolford, H.A. 3 Oahu BISH 1957-07-28
136 Erythrina sandwicensis Lawai, Kauai. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden. (Growing at PTBG's satellite, Kahanu Garden near Hana, Maui) Preserved_Specimen Spreading tree 5 m tall. Flowering when leaves present. Corolla pal greenish-white. Some leaves with stipels replaced by 2 small leaflets; others normal. Neill, D. 5285 Kauai BISH 1982-06-22
137 Erythrina sandwicensis Kalama Valley, inner slope of crater Preserved_Specimen tree of 4 m; greenish and pinkish flower; fruit brown with 2 red beans; diameter breast high, 10 cm; bark dark olive green; soft, creamy, yellow brown wood, whitish pith Bryan Jr., E.H. 1299 Oahu BISH 1937-09-01
138 Erythrina sandwicensis SW slope of Haleakala Preserved_Specimen tree 15' tall with many stiff branches; seeds red Alexander, A.M. 5347 Maui BISH 1948-05-17
139 Erythrina sandwicensis Waimea Canyon Hy Preserved_Specimen Small tree. Sterile Little Jr., E.L. 23026 Kauai BISH 1968-05-30
140 Erythrina sandwicensis Waimea Arboretum Preserved_Specimen tree 12 m tall. Calyx green with tawny tomentum. Standard orange; wings and keel greenish-white Neill, D. 7688 Oahu BISH 1982-06-13
141 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral Flats Preserved_Specimen 9B Inside standard: Central part -- ochraeous orange, plate XV, with small flecks at distal tip. Veins -- Sanford's brown, plate II. Outside standard: Border (very narrow) -- mahobany red, plate II, shading toward center to Jasper red, plate XII. Central part -- light salmon orange, plate II. Border as on inside. Veins antique brown, plate III. Pistil: Tyrian rose, plate XII, tipped with pale chalceous yellow, plate XVII. Wings: Virident green, plate V, suffused with spinel red, plate XXVI. Veins -- spinel red. Filaments and filament tube: Pompeeian red, plate XIII. Woolford, H.A. 9 Oahu BISH 1957-07-20
142 Erythrina sandwicensis North Kona District, land of Puuanahulu, Puu Huluhulu Preserved_Specimen Common tree 20 ft tall, with 12 inch DBH. Flowers orange with red staminal filaments; bark smooth, orangish with a few black prickles. Herbst, D.R. 5476 Hawaii BISH 1975-09-23
143 Erythrina sandwicensis Puna, Wahaula Preserved_Specimen flowers light orange Stone, B.C. 2893 Hawaii BISH 1959-06-01
144 Erythrina sandwicensis Honolulu, 2356 Waolani Preserved_Specimen seeds scarlet, with black ard. microphyle and light or dark hilum Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1962-12-20
145 Erythrina sandwicensis East Maui, Ulupalakua District Preserved_Specimen Flowers greenish yellow. Korte, K.H. Maui BISH 1948-08-26
146 Erythrina sandwicensis Ewa coral plains Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 132 Oahu BISH 1922-08-11
147 Erythrina sandwicensis Mahana Valley Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Molokai BISH 1910-03-01
148 Erythrina sandwicensis Puuwaawaa Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 132 Hawaii BISH 1922-09-26
149 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral Flats. Tree on opposite end of grove from #9 Preserved_Specimen Standard -- inside glass green, plate XXXI; outside chrysolite green, same plate. Veins transluscent kildare green. Wing -- kildare green, same plate. Stamens and stamen tube -- seafoam green, same plate. Anthers -- pale olive buff, plate XL. Woolford, H.A. Oahu BISH 1957-07-13
150 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral Flats Preserved_Specimen see report for details Woolford, H.A. Oahu BISH 1957-08-25
151 Erythrina sandwicensis Oahu Preserved_Specimen seeds, orginal color red Oahu BISH 1926-01-01
152 Erythrina sandwicensis Maui Preserved_Specimen Maui BISH 1920-03-01
153 Erythrina sandwicensis Nui Ridge, Oahu Preserved_Specimen Topping, D.L. 2942 Oahu BISH 1924-11-30
154 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral Flats Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. 9 Oahu BISH 1957-08-18
155 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral Flats Preserved_Specimen Inside standard: central part dull green-yellow. Outside standard: central part chrysolite green; veins turtle green; border flesh ocher. Wings: kildare green; veins Kronberg's green. Filaments and edges of filament tube: orange bavaceous. Base and central part of filament tube: pale visidine yellow Woolford, H.A. 9 Oahu BISH 1957-07-20
156 Erythrina sandwicensis Paomai Preserved_Specimen yellow flowers Munro, G.C. 94 Lanai BISH 1913-09-14
157 Erythrina sandwicensis Maunalei Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8118 Lanai BISH 1910-07-13
158 Erythrina sandwicensis Koko Crater, inside the caldera, in the botanical garden, but wild at about 500 ft Preserved_Specimen Hutchison, P.C. 2854 Oahu BISH 1967-01-19
159 Erythrina sandwicensis Coral Flats Preserved_Specimen Standard petal: glass green, border bittersweet pink Wings: turtle green Filaments of stamen and all but entrance base of filament tube: orange pink Woolford, H.A. 3 Oahu BISH 1957-06-29
160 Erythrina sandwicensis In the vicinity of Mana_1 collection; near mouth of Waipao Valley Preserved_Specimen 5-7 m tree; flowers yellow, PRC 555. Takeuchi, W.N. 2 Kauai BISH 1983-08-17
161 Erythrina sandwicensis Makaweli Gulch Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 2157 Kauai BISH 1909-03-03
Back to Top