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Arthrostemma ciliatum

Pav. ex D.Don (1823)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Myrtales Family: Melastomataceae Genus: Arthrostemma

arthrostema

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Scandent perennial herbs.

Stems: Stems succulent, 1–4 m long, glabrous or glandular pilose.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite, decussate. Blades ovate to ovate–lanceolate, 2.5–4.3 cm long, 1.4–4.5 cm wide. Apex acute to long-acuminate. Base truncate to subcordate. Upper surfaces sparsely bristly; lower surfaces glabrous to glandular bristly. Margins ciliolate–serrulate. 3–7-veined. Petioles 0.6–3.2 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers few in terminal cymes, each one subtended by a pair of deciduous, sessile bracteoles, pedicels 7–15(–19) mm long in fruit. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Hypanthium 7–10 mm long in flower, terete (cylindrical); fruiting hypanthium oblong–ellipsoid, 15–20 mm long, 8–9 mm wide. Calyx lobes 4, deltate, persistent, lobes 1–3.5 mm long in fruit, 2–3.5 mm wide at base, with 1–2 subapical glandular hairs. Corolla of 4 petals, early deciduous, obliquely apiculate, 2–3 cm long, 1.1–1.6 cm wide. Stamens 8, markedly dimorphic; anthers with a ventrally inclined apical pore, connective prolon prolonged dorsally near the filament insertion into a minute lobule and prolonged ventrally at base of anthers into an upturned appendage at junction with filament; anthers of larger Stamens ca. 6 mm long, connective prolonged 0.25–0.5 mm or 5–7 mm below and modified basally into ventral, bifid spurs ca. 1.5 mm long or linear, apically acute or lobed spurs 3–5 mm long, respectively; anthers of smaller Stamens ca. 5 mm long, connective not proLonged ventrally but modified at the filament insertion into a deeply notched spur ca. 2 mm long. Ovary inferior, distinct, 4-celled, glandular puberulent at apex.

Fruit: Capsules enclosed by the accrescent hypanthium at maturity. Seeds ca. 1 mm long; cochleate; prominently ribbed and with a terminal hilum.

Ploidy: 2n = 60

Habitat: Mesic to wet areas in open to partially shaded disturbed areas including roadsides; trailsides and mixed native/alien forests.

Elevation Range: 10–360 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

O'ahu Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist. Soc. 4(2): 298 (1823)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:905 (O, H [as Arthrostema ciliatum]); Imada et al. 2000:13 (spelling change to Arthrostemma); Staples & Herbst 2005:394 (KEY), 397 (DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Arthrostemma ciliatum Honolulu; Makiki Nursery Preserved_Specimen Kerr, M. 19410 Oahu BISH 1947-11-02
2 Arthrostemma ciliatum Honolulu; Manoa Valley, first part of trail Preserved_Specimen Kerr, M. Oahu BISH 1945-09-30
3 Arthrostemma ciliatum Tantalus Preserved_Specimen Doty, R.E. Oahu BISH 1944-11-04
4 Arthrostemma ciliatum Koolau Mts, Makiki Valley Preserved_Specimen Ziegler, M.F. Oahu BISH 1987-05-28
5 Arthrostemma ciliatum H. L. Lyon Arboretum-Unsectioned Roadside, naturalized. Preserved_Specimen Ornamental herbaceous shrub to 6 ft height. Flowers w/ 4 petals, early deciduous, inferior ovary. Sprawling over other vegetation. Nagata, K.M. 381 Oahu BISH 1968-05-31
6 Arthrostemma ciliatum Lowlands below Lyon Arboretum, near start of Manoa Falls Trail Occasional at trailside. Preserved_Specimen Petals pink, filaments white, anthers yellow, to ca. 5 ft ht Crosby, M.R. 1388 Oahu BISH 1964-06-15
7 Arthrostemma ciliatum Near river In sugar cane fields (abandoned), near river. Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Oahu BISH 1978-05-09
8 Arthrostemma ciliatum Wahiawa Botanic Garden Growing as a weed on a sunny overgrown bank. Preserved_Specimen Herb 1 m ht, flowers rose pink, odorless (afternoon). Lau, J. 2308 Oahu BISH 1986-04-23
9 Arthrostemma ciliatum Maunawili Roadside weed near sugar cane field. Preserved_Specimen Flowers rose colored. St.John, H. 26890 Oahu BISH 1974-10-24
10 Arthrostemma ciliatum Nuuanu Pali Dr. Above where the housing development ends Roadside, shaded, moist Preserved_Specimen Common along road in shade Faccenda, K. 1916 Oahu BISH 2021-05-29
11 Arthrostemma ciliatum S Opaeula Ridge, Paalaa Near trail. Preserved_Specimen Weed. Suehiro, A. Oahu BISH 1932-09-25
12 Arthrostemma ciliatum Nokukano Development Site makai of belt road in Capt. Coom Area very weedy & often wettest part of site. Planted monkeypod trees & some kukui. Koa haole & Schinus are common. Preserved_Specimen Funk, E.J. Hawaii BISH 1991-11-01
13 Arthrostemma ciliatum Kukulopae, State forest lands, South Kona Forest reserve, along road up past gate Acacia koa-Metrosideros mesic forest. With Antidesma pltyphylla, Ilex anomala, Clermontia clermontioides, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Kadua affinis, Cheirodendron trigynum, Pipturus albidus, Rubus hawaiiensis, Psidium cattlelanum, Myrsine Preserved_Specimen Shrub 1 meter ht with flowers and fruit Perlman, S. 23182 Hawaii BISH 2012-12-12
14 Arthrostemma ciliatum Kailua Overlook; Maunawili Demonstration Trail mesic forest Preserved_Specimen herb, flowers pink Annable, C.R. 3088 Oahu BISH 1996-10-28
15 Arthrostemma ciliatum Honolulu, Manoa Cliff Trail Wet mixed native and alien forest. Preserved_Specimen Scandent perennial herb ca. 1 m ht, flowers dk pink-magenta, capsules present. Kennedy, B. 41 Oahu BISH 1996-01-13
16 Arthrostemma ciliatum Roadside between Pahoa and Kalapana, Puna District Growing in distruged vegetation beside road. Preserved_Specimen Vine; fls light purple; frts pink and green. Pratt, L.W. 3420 Hawaii BISH 2005-05-19
17 Arthrostemma ciliatum Punaluu Valley Rd, near forestry broken gate Beside banana patch. Preserved_Specimen Obata, J.K. Oahu BISH 1985-03-20
18 Arthrostemma ciliatum Along Manoa Falls Trail, below Arboretum Preserved_Specimen Herb w/ pink flowers. Herbst, D.R. 5355 Oahu BISH 1975-06-12
19 Arthrostemma ciliatum Honolulu; Burbank Rd, Robertsons' garden Preserved_Specimen Shrubs ca. 7 ft ht. Neal, M.C. 1171 Oahu BISH 1939-07-04
20 Arthrostemma ciliatum Along Manoa Falls Trail, below Arboretum Preserved_Specimen Herb w/ pink flowers. Herbst, D.R. 5355 Oahu BISH 1975-06-12
21 Arthrostemma ciliatum Kona District, land of Keauhou, along Mamalahoa Hwy ca 6 mi E of Kailua-Kona Preserved_Specimen Erect herb to ca. 5 ft ht w/ pink flowers. Herbst, D.R. 5377 Hawaii BISH 1975-06-24
22 Arthrostemma ciliatum Nokukano Development Site makai of belt road in Capt. Coom Area very weedy & often wettest part of site. Planted monkeypod trees & some kukui. Koa haole & Schinus are common. Preserved_Specimen Funk, E.J. Hawaii BISH 1991-11-01
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