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Euphorbia sparsiflora

A.Heller (1897)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Malpighiales Family: Euphorbiaceae Genus: Euphorbia

‘akoko [akoko], ‘ekoko [ekoko], koko, kōkōmālei [kokomalei]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Subshrubs, bark gray to pale brown.

Stems: Stems ascending, 0.2–0.6 m long, glabrous, flowering branches 1–1.5 mm in diameter.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite, decussate. Blades elliptic to obovate or oblanceolate, rarely spatulate,10–30 mm long, 5–15 mm wide. Apex rounded to obtuse, rarely acute, mucronulate or retuse. Base cuneate, oblique. Surfaces glabrous, glaucous. Margins entire. Petioles 0.5–2.5 mm long, glabrous. Stipules rounded–triangular, 0.5–1 mm long, glabrous, ciliate, erose, occasionally bifid.

Flowers: Flowers in cyathia solitary in the leaf axils, peduncles 1–4 mm long, glabrous. involucre campanulate, 1.5–2 mm high, 2–3 mm wide, glabrous or rarely sparsely pubescent beneath the glands, glands 4–5, purple, rarely with a narrow white appendage, glabrous. Flowers unisexual and highly reduced. Pistillate flowers solitary, on a gynophore; staminate flowers in 5 groups or cymules, each with 1 to several flowers. Calyx (sepals) absent. Corolla (petals) absent. Male flower reduced to a single stamen, with an articulation at junction of pedicel and filament, subtended by slender bracteoles. Ovary superior; styles red, shortly bifid up to one–fourth their length, 0.5–1 mm long; stigma not thickened.

Fruit: Capsules green to red; 3–angled; 2–3 mm long; glabrous; gynophores recurved; exserted 1.5–3 mm from involucre; glabrous. Seeds reddish brown to gray; 1.5–1.8 mm long; smooth to faintly rugose.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Bogs.

Elevation Range: 600–800 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Minnesota Bot. Stud. 1: 846 (1897)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:615 (K, Mo [as Chamaesyce sparsiflora]); Govaerts et al. 2000:837 (NOM:Syn. C. sparsiflora = Euphorbia sparsiflora); Steinmann & Porter 2002/Yang & Berry 2011 (molecular support for nesting of Chamaesyce within Euphorbia)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. a. heller 2699 A 1895-08-12
2 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Open bog. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 13568 Kauai BISH 12/24/1933
3 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. l. wagner, s. w. miller, b. peterson, g. peterson & t. w. flynn 5211 Kauai US 12/22/1983
4 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN A. A. Heller 2699 F 1895-08-21
5 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. arthur heller heller 2699 LSU 1895-08-12
6 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN amos arthur heller; b.1867; d.1944; a.heller 2699 NY 1895-08-12
7 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN heller, a.a. 2699 NY 1895-08-12
8 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 4327 Kauai PTBG 12/18/1990
9 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Derral Herbst 2422 Kauai PTBG 5/22/1972
10 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 5169 Kauai PTBG 4/10/1987
11 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Rhynchospora lowland bog adjacent to Metrosideros-Dicranopteris wet forest and shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 14305 Kauai PTBG 9/10/2010
12 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In Metrosideros - Dicranopteris wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 17886 Kauai PTBG 1/15/2002
13 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 8749 Kauai PTBG 9/29/2000
14 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 4644 Kauai PTBG 7/23/1991
15 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Derral Herbst 2083 Kauai PTBG 8/23/1971
16 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. r. herbst 2421 Kauai US 5/22/1972
17 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. l. wagner, d. h. lorence, r. hanford & k. wood 6279 Kauai US 11/21/1989
18 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman & b. hill 17886 Kauai US 1/15/2002
19 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. l. wagner, w. n. takeuchi & c. imada 6081 Maui US 4/11/1988
20 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. l. wagner, s. w. miller, d. wier & g. wier 4985 Kauai US 8/27/1983
21 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Molokai US
22 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. a. heller 2699 Kauai US 1895-10-12
23 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. h. lorence, t. w. flynn, r. delappe & w. h. wagner 5169 Kauai US 4/10/1987
24 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. l. stern & s. carlquist 1333 Kauai US
25 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Ground sloppy wet with standing water. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. l. stern & r. catron 3089 Kauai US 3/24/1974
26 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN S. P. Perlman & B. Hill 17886 Kauai US 1/15/2002
27 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In open bog. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. herbst 5955 BRIT 7/21/1977
28 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Montane wet forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN derral herbst 2083 Kauai US
29 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. a. heller 2699 Kauai US 1895-10-19
30 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In and near a bog PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Heller, A.A. 2699 Kauai BISH 1895-00-00
31 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Lowland Metrosideros-Oreobolus Bog PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Natalia Tangalin 2531 Kauai PTBG 2/25/2010
32 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros lowland wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 1058 Kauai PTBG 7/11/1991
33 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Christensen, C. 303 Kauai BISH 12/30/1977
34 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Low altitude bog with Dicranopteris, Oreobolus, and dwarf shrubs including Metrosideros, Pelea, and Chamaesyce. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D.H. 5169 Kauai BISH 4/10/1987
35 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. mill, s.w.; d; g.wier collector number: 4985 Laysan BISH 8/27/1983
36 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. a. heller 2699 F 1895-08-21
37 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Bog. Assoc. with Pelea wailalelae, Euphorbia remyi, Lobelia gaudichaudii kauaensis, Drosera anglica, Metrosideros polymorpha pumila, Wikstroemia. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Gustafson, R. 1036 Kauai BISH 11/25/1976
38 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In and near a bog PRESERVED_SPECIMEN heller, a.a. collector number: 2699 Kauai BISH 1895-08-12
39 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN A. A. Heller 2699 F 1895-10-19
40 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Summit. Swamp. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 2422 Maui BISH 5/22/1972
41 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Stone, B.C. 3723 Kauai BISH 8/11/1961
42 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lydgate, J.M. s.n. Kauai BISH
43 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 10861 Kauai BISH 12/29/1930
44 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: 10861 Kauai BISH 12/29/1930
45 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Annual rainfall: 32-60" shurb. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. lorence, d.; hanford, r.; wood, k. collector number: 6279 Oahu BISH 11/21/1989
46 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Small bog on steep slopes. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 6081 Kauai BISH 4/11/1988
47 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 206.K Kauai BISH 8/1/1909
48 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Seaward of NE coast of islet, low rugosity, some sandy patches, very diverse & high algal cover PRESERVED_SPECIMEN faurie, a. collector number: 467 Oahu BISH 12/1/1909
49 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN stone, b.c. collector number: 3723 Kauai BISH 8/11/1961
50 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In bog. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN stone, b.c. collector number: 1660 Kauai BISH 1/2/1957
51 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On sloping bog. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 6279 Kauai BISH 11/21/1989
52 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Dense shade. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. mill, s.; peterson, b.; peterson, g.; flynn,t. collector number: 5210 Oahu BISH 12/22/1983
53 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In bog. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Stone, B.C. 1660 Kauai BISH 1/2/1957
54 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 206.k Kauai BISH 8/8/1909
55 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Common in open bog. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 2083 Kauai BISH 8/23/1971
56 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Common in open bog. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 2083 Kauai BISH 8/23/1971
57 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 2421 Kauai BISH 5/22/1972
58 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Botanical Garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. mill, s.; peterson, b.; peterson, g.; flynn,t. collector number: 5211 Hawaii BISH 12/22/1983
59 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 4985 Kauai BISH 8/27/1983
60 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. fosberg, f.r. collector number: 13568 Oahu BISH 12/24/1933
61 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lydgate, j.m. collector number: s.n. Kauai BISH
62 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Faurie, A. 467 Kauai BISH 12/1/1909
63 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Low altitude bog with Dicranopteris, Oreobolus, and dwarf shrubs including Metrosideros, Pelea, and Chamaesyce. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lorence, d.h. flynn, t.; de lappe, r.; wagner jr., w.h.; wagner, f. collector number: 5169 Kauai BISH 4/10/1987
64 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Small bog on steep slopes. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. takeuchi, w.; imada, c. collector number: 6081 Kauai BISH 4/11/1988
65 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Bog. Assoc. with Pelea wailalelae, Euphorbia remyi, Lobelia gaudichaudii kauaensis, Drosera anglica, Metrosideros polymorpha pumila, Wikstroemia. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN gustafson, r. collector number: 1036 Kauai BISH 11/25/1976
66 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 5210 Kauai BISH 12/22/1983
67 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 2422 Kauai BISH 5/22/1972
68 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Lowland Metrosideros-Oreobolus Bog w/ Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Dicranopteris, Melastoma septemnervium, Broussaisia arguta, Syzygium sandwicensis, Euphorbia remyi var. remyi, Pritchardia flynnii, Antidesma, Kadua affinis, Ilex anomo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tangalin, Natalia; DeMotta, Mike; Clark, Michele; Nishek, Bob; Barca, Nic 2531 CAS 2/1/2010
69 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Toward margin of bog; growing with 5209 & 5210. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 5211 Kauai BISH 12/22/1983
70 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. a. heller 2699 F 1895-10-19
71 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. a. heller 2699 NY 1895-08-12
72 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 18 Kauai PTBG 2/3/1981
73 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information All plants growing in sopping wet substrate dominated by bracken, Dicranopteris. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN W. L. Stern 2938 Kauai PTBG 4/3/1971
74 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 14214 Kauai PTBG 5/13/2010
75 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN christensen, c. collector number: 303 Kauai BISH 12/30/1977
76 Euphorbia sparsiflora A.Heller Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 2421 Kauai BISH 5/22/1972
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