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Panicum lineale

H.St.John (1987)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Poaceae Genus: Panicum

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Densely cespitose perennials 55–126 cm tall.

Stems: Culms erect, unbranched, glabrous.

Roots: Roots fibrous.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate, primarily basal, often strongly distichous. Blades 59-85 cm long, 0.4-0.9 cm wide when unrolled, but usually involute. Apex long-acuminate. Upper surfaces densely velvety pubescent at base behind the ligule, otherwise glabrous; lower surfaces glabrous. Veins parallel. Sheaths glabrous or puberulent toward apex; Iigule a rudimentary membrane with cilia 0.4-0.5 mm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Panicles 20-35 cm long, 6-10 cm wide, rachis glabrous, branches spreading at acute angles, the pulvini pubescent; spikelets 4.1-4.8 mm long, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous; rachillar internodes prominent; glumes unequal, first glume 1.7-2.6 mm long, 3-7-nerved, acute, second glume 4-4.5 mm long, 9-nerved. First floret sterile, first lemma as long as spikelet, similar to second glume, 7-9-nerved, first palea 1/5-1/2 as long as first lemma; second floret 2.5-2.9 mm long, 0.7-0.8 mm wide, linear-elliptic, cartilaginous, smooth, glossy, acute; anthers 3, orange, 2.2-2.4 mm long.

Fruit: Fruit a caryopsis

Ploidy:

Habitat: Occurring on steep; moist slopes in open habitats.

Elevation Range: 180–900 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Phytologia 63: 370 (1987)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1569 (K)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details forest and drainage below northern falls, Metrosideros mixed lowland wet forest with riparian vegetation W/ Pisonia umbelifera, Antidesma platyphylla Syzygium sandwicensis, Psychotria mariniana, P. mauiensis, P. wawrae, Melicope clusiifolia, Broussaisia arguta, Cyrtandra kealiae urceolata, C. longifolia Preserved_Specimen grass, common on steep valley walls, in flower and seed Wood, K.R. 10655 Kauai BISH 2004-04-15
2 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Diospyros, Dodonaea, Psychotria mariniana, P.greenwelliae, Acacia koa, Kokia kauaiensis, Euphorbia haeleeleana Preserved_Specimen mature, in flower and fruit Wood, K.R. 7806 Kauai BISH 1999-04-29
3 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Mixed dry to mesic cliffs with Euphorbia celastroides var. hanapepensis, Artemisia australis, Bidens sandwicensis, Nototrichium divaricatum, Lipochaeta connata var. acris, Sida fallax, Dodonaea viscosa, Wilkesia gymnoxip0hium, Bo___ Preserved_Specimen Grass, rhizome woody, leaves dark green, common on cliffs with Eragrostis variabillis, in early flower Wood, K.R. 16763 Kauai BISH 2016-03-30
4 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Koaie, headwater gulches and streams, well above Koaie river, northwest of Mohihi- Waialae trail Metrosideros transitional mesic to wet forest and reparian vegetation Cheirodendron, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Kadua affinis, Ilex anomala, Syzygium sandwicensis, Dodonaea viscosa, Coprosma waimeae, Cytandra kauaiensis, Melicope clusiifolia, Labordia degeneri, Cyanea f Preserved_Specimen grass, on seeping walls of stream with Artemisia australis, Eragrostis grandis Wood, K.R. 15378 Kauai BISH 2013-02-06
5 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dubautia-Saleria shrubland-fernland w/Dubautia imbricata subsp. acronaea, D. knudsenii subsp. filiformis, D. laxa subsp. hirsuta, D. paleata, D. raillardioides, D. pauciflorula, Sadleria cyatheoides, S. pallida, S. souleyetiana, S. squ Preserved_Specimen Cespitose on steep walls with old inflorescence, uncommon Wood, K.R. 16206 Kauai BISH 2015-01-08
6 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing beside trail with Eragrostis variabilis. Preserved_Specimen Large bunchgrass. Corn, C. 190 Kauai BISH 1980-04-10
7 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details mixed forest with riparian vegetation Pisonia umbellifera, Antidesma platyphylla Syzygium sandwicensis, Psychotria mariniana, P. mauiensis, P. wawrae, Melicope clusiifolia, Broussaisia arguta, Cyrtandra kealiae urceolata, C. longifolia, C Preserved_Specimen grass, clinging to vertical wallsa round waterfall and steep banks of stream , with E. grandis Wood, K.R. 15543 Kauai BISH 2013-06-27
8 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Panicum lineale-Wilkesia gymnoxiphium dry to mesic cliffs w/ Canthium, Poa mannii, Metrosideros, Dodonaea, Chamaesyce celastroides. Preserved_Specimen Panicum lineale looses its lower skirt of leaves. Wood, K.R. 3009 Kauai BISH 1994-02-27
9 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Lowland wet forest of Metrosideros polymorpha, and Dicranopteris linearis, with Antidesma, Psychotria, Pisonia, invaded by Morus, Clidemia & Psidium. Preserved_Specimen Perennial herb with culms forming small clumps. Colony of 20-30 plants seen on wet rock face by waterfall, 610 m. Lorence, D.H. 7385 Kauai BISH 1993-05-19
10 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros lowland wet forest w/ Labordia lydgatei, Cyanea recta, Hedyotis tryblium, Cyanea remyi, Cyrtandra oenobarba, rich w/ pteridophytes, waterfalls w/ saturated basalt walls. Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 3605 Kauai BISH 1994-09-26
11 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Cheirodendron with matting ferns of Diplopterygium, Dicanopteris and mixed wet forest. W/ Psychotria mariniana, Antidesma platyphylla, Kadua affinis, Melicope clusiifolia, Vaccinium calycinum, Coprosma kauaaense, Duabutia laxa, D. paleata, D. imbricata, windswept ridges and forest patche Preserved_Specimen grass, on perimeter of waterfall face, with old inflorescence Wood, K.R. 14477 Kauai BISH 2011-02-02
12 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing with many introduced grasses and weeds in area dominated by Pandanus and Cordyline terminalis Preserved_Specimen Bunchgrass Cuddihy, L.W. 313 Kauai BISH 1980-04-11
13 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Diverse forest dominated by Metrosideros with Dubautia, Coprosma, Xylosma and numerous pteridophytes; on partially shaded rock face under Metrosideros canopy; with Carex and Lobelia. Preserved_Specimen Clumping grass. Flynn, T.W. 2108 Kauai BISH 1987-03-20
14 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Acacia montane mesic forest. W/ Alphitonia, Pouteria, Xylosma hawaiiensis, Antidesma, Diospyros sandwicensis, Myrsine lanaiensis, Dodonaea, Wikstroemia furcata, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Kadua affinis, Melicope ovata, M. barbige Preserved_Specimen terrestrial, clumping, vigorous, spiklets with purple tinge, occasional with Eragrostis variabilis and Festuca aloha Wood, K.R. 14630 Kauai BISH 2011-05-05
15 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Acacia koa - Metrosideros polymorpha - Dicranopteris linearis montane mesic 10% open, 8-10 m tall canopy, 40% Acacia koa, 20% Metrosideros polymorpha, 20% tall Psychotria mariniana with 5-7 m tall understory canopy of Planchonella sandwicensis, Bobea brevipes merging into up Preserved_Specimen clumping grass on steep basalt valley wals, with Eragrostic variabilis, in flower, rare Wood, K.R. 15113 Kauai BISH 2012-07-25
16 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Acacia montane mesic forest. W/Alphitonia, Pouteria, Xylosma hawaiiensis, Antidesma, Bobea brevipes, Myrsine lanaiensis, Dodonaea, Wikstroemai furcata, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Kadua affinis, Melicope ovata, M. barbigera, Euph Preserved_Specimen grass, common around steep slopes, in flower and fruit Wood, K.R. 15572 Kauai BISH 2013-07-17
17 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Steep ledges in openings in moderately wet forest Preserved_Specimen Bunch grass, 1 1/2 ft. tall Christensen, C. 324 Kauai BISH 1978-03-04
18 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros - Acacia mixed montane mesic forest with Alphitonia, Pouteria, Xylosma hawaiiensis, Antidesma, Diospyros sandwicensis, Myrsine lanaiensis, Dodonaea, Wikstroemia furcata, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Kadua affinis, Melicope ovata, M. barbige Preserved_Specimen Grass, tufted on open exposed walls of valley, older infructescense, with Festuca aloha, occasional. Wood, K.R. 17829 Kauai BISH 2018-05-23
19 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Partly shaded slope. Preserved_Specimen In tussocks. Degener, O. 27770 Kauai BISH 1961-03-15
20 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Primary undisturbed vegetation of scattered trees & shrubs 1-1.5 m tall over saturated rocky soil dominated by Metrosideros, Cyrtandra, Diplazium & Perrottetia. Terrestrial herb on dripping wet, sheer rock face. Preserved_Specimen Leaves dull, medium green. Uncommon. Flynn, T.W. 4208 Kauai BISH 1990-08-23
21 Panicum lineale Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Acacia-Metrosideros montane mesic forest with Alphitonia ponderosa, Pouteria sandwicensis, Diospyros sandwicensis, Preserved_Specimen cespitose perrenial grass, ca 1 m tall x 1m wide, 230 deg west aspect on steep mesic slope, with Acacia koa, Diospyros sandwicensis, Myrsine laniensis, Santalum freycinetianum, common Wood, K.R. 11794 Kauai BISH 2006-02-25
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