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Lonicera japonica

Thunb. (1784)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Dipsacales Family: Caprifoliaceae Genus: Lonicera

honekakala, japanese honeysuckle

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Sprawling and twining lianas.

Stems: Young stems pubescent.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades ovate, elliptic, oblong, or broadly lanceolate, blades 3–8 cm long, 1–3.5 cm wide. Surfaces pubescent, becoming glabrate above. Margins entire or young lower leaves sometimes lobed. Petioles 3-8 mm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in cymose inflorescences, flowers 2 in axillary cymes, bracts 1–2 cm long, bracteoles suborbicular, ca.1 mm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect), showy and fragrant. Calyx 4–5-lobed. Corolla elongate, tubular to funnelform, often gibbours at base, 4–5-lobed, corolla white, turning yellowish or tinged pink, 2-lipped, 2–3 cm long. Stamens inserted on the corolla tube; anthers dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary inferior; ovule placentation axile, pendulous, anatropous; style 1.

Fruit: Berries bluish black; globose; 6–7 mm in diameter. Seeds with oily; fleshy endosperm. This species does not usually produce fruit in Hawai‘i. If a fertile strain develops; it could become an extremely serious weed; as it has in other areas. Recently; G. Linney (pers. comm.) reported that most plants in Mānoa Valley; O‘ahu; set seed.

Ploidy: 2n = 18

Habitat: Cultivated and now escaping and becoming naturalized in mesic to wet areas in Kōke‘e State Park; Kaua‘i; and near Volcano and slopes of Hualālai; Hawai‘i.

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

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Synonyms (45)

Caprifolium brachypodum G.Gordon (1877)
Caprifolium chinense S.Watson ex G.Don (1830)
Caprifolium japonicum (Thunb.) Dum.Cours. (1814)
Caprifolium japonicum f. subverticillare Kuntze (1891)
Caprifolium roseum Lam. (1779)
Lonicera aureoreticulata T.Moore (1863)
Lonicera brachypoda DC. (1830)
Lonicera brachypoda aureoreticulata (T.Moore) Jacob-Makoy (1865)
Lonicera brachypoda reticulata André (1866)
Lonicera brachypoda var. aureoreticulata Rothsch. (1868)
Lonicera brachypoda var. repens Siebold (1845)
Lonicera brachypoda var. reticulata Witte (1868)
Lonicera brachypoda variegata Abbey (1864)
Lonicera chinensis P.Watson (1825)
Lonicera cochinchinensis G.Don (1834)
Lonicera confusa Miq. (1866)
Lonicera diversifolia Carrière (1866)
Lonicera fauriei H.Lév. & Vaniot (1908)
Lonicera finlaysoniana Wall. (1832)
Lonicera flexuosa Thunb. (1794)
Lonicera flexuosa f. aureoreticulata (T.Moore) Dippel (1889)
Lonicera flexuosa f. halliana Dippel (1889)
Lonicera japonica f. aureoreticulata (T.Moore) Rehder (1903)
Lonicera japonica f. chinensis (P.Watson) H.Hara (1952)
Lonicera japonica f. flexuosa (Thunb.) Zabel (1903)
Lonicera japonica f. halliana (Dippel) H.Hara (1952)
Lonicera japonica f. macrantha Matsuda (1912)
Lonicera japonica f. purpurella Honda (1938)
Lonicera japonica f. quercifolia A.I.V.Correia (1987)
Lonicera japonica hybrida J.Dix (1860)
Lonicera japonica var. aureoreticulata (T.Moore) G.Nicholson (1896)
Lonicera japonica var. brachypoda Nakai (1927)
Lonicera japonica var. chinensis (P.Watson) Baker (1871)
Lonicera japonica var. flexuosa (Thunb.) G.Nicholson (1896)
Lonicera japonica var. halliana (Dippel) G.Nicholson (1896)
Lonicera japonica var. miyagusukiana Makino (1912)
Lonicera japonica var. purpurea
Lonicera japonica var. repens (Siebold) Rehder (1926)
Lonicera japonica var. sempervillosa Hayata (1920)
Lonicera miyagusukiana (Makino) Ohwi (1936)
Lonicera nigra Thunb. (1784)
Lonicera repens Hassk. (1844)
Lonicera shintenensis Hayata (1920)
Nintooa japonica (Thunb.) Sweet (1830)
Xylosteon flexuosum (Thunb.) Dum.Cours. (1814)

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Birds

Vegetative Reproduction

Pollinators

Notes

  • Description digitized by Mercedez
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
  • First naturalized collection made on Hawai'i in l95l

Bibliography

Name Published In: J.A.Murray (ed.), Syst. Veg. ed. 14: 216 (1784)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:495 (K, H); Starr et al. 2002:19 (EM); Staples & Herbst 2005:221 (DESCR); Frohlich & Lau 2008:5 (O)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Lonicera japonica volcano dump PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. mill, s.w.; flynn, t.; gustafson, r. collector number: 5269 Hawaii BISH 2/28/1984
2 Lonicera japonica East Maui, Makawao District, Kealahou ahupuaa, Kula, crest of Kekaulike Ave., Keahuaiwi Gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. 981209-1 Maui BISH 12/9/1998
3 Lonicera japonica BYU-HC sandy, clay PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Utai, M. 8,41 Oahu BISH 3/1/1975
4 Lonicera japonica Kilauea Military Camp edges of thicket in disturbed ground around camp, compact ash soil PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 33294 Hawaii BISH 2/12/1951
5 Lonicera japonica byu-hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN mace, g. collector number: 1 Oahu BISH 4/4/1975
6 Lonicera japonica byu-hc sandy, clay PRESERVED_SPECIMEN utai, m. collector number: 8,41 Oahu BISH 3/1/1975
7 Lonicera japonica BYU-HC, Laie silty loam; ground cover PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Afualo, D. 81 Oahu BISH 3/17/1975
8 Lonicera japonica honolulu, nuuanu ave. nr. country club, residence of theo.cooke PRESERVED_SPECIMEN neal, m.c. Oahu BISH 6/12/1947
9 Lonicera japonica keauhou ranch, kau district, 30 ft. from puu oo trail Plants in pastureland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN cuddihy, l.w. state esp team collector number: 080 Hawaii BISH 12/20/1979
10 Lonicera japonica East Maui, Makawao District, Pulehunui AHU, Kula, Crater Road near Pony Express Sprawling across ground and twining up trees. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. 980826-17 Maui BISH 8/26/1998
11 Lonicera japonica Kilauea Volcano, Crater Rim Rd., near residence area Metrosideros forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 47722 Hawaii BISH 9/20/1965
12 Lonicera japonica Honolulu, 3058 Nuuanu Ave PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Thompson, Mrs.R.O. s.n. Oahu BISH 5/29/1947
13 Lonicera japonica Keauhou Ranch, Kau District, 30 ft. from Puu oo Trail Plants in pastureland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cuddihy, L.W. State ESP team Collector Number: 080 Hawaii BISH 12/20/1979
14 Lonicera japonica Keauhou Ranch, Kau District. 30 ft from Puu Oo trail Plants in pastureland, climbing up a fallen tree. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cuddihy, L.W. ESP team Collector Number: 080 Hawaii BISH 12/20/1979
15 Lonicera japonica Laie sandy loam PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kamae, K.K. 22 Oahu BISH 4/13/1967
16 Lonicera japonica Honolulu, Nuuanu Ave. nr. Country Club, residence of Theo.Cooke PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Neal, M.C. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/12/1947
17 Lonicera japonica Waimea, Kokee State Park; unnamed trail from Kokee-Halemanu Trail to Highway 550 predominantly secondary vegetation of Myrica faya, Acacia melanoxylon, and Eucalyptus, with some native species PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D.H. 5810 Kauai BISH 2/17/1988
18 Lonicera japonica U.H.Campus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Octavio, A.M. s.n. Oahu BISH 11/23/1929
19 Lonicera japonica Honolulu, Woodlawn, Alani Drive. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN W. M. Bush 60 Oahu PTBG 6/27/1974
20 Lonicera japonica kilauea military camp kilauea. In edges of thicket in disturbed ground around establishment, compact ash soil. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN francis r. fosberg 33294 RSA 2/12/1951
21 Lonicera japonica Kokee State Park,along Highway 550 at ca. 200 m south of Awa`awapuhi Trail head. Diverse mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 10528 Kauai PTBG 7/16/2015
22 Lonicera japonica Waihe'e Valley. Naturalized on ridge, sprawling over shrub. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN J. Preble 2007120801 Oahu PTBG 12/8/2007
23 Lonicera japonica Kokee State Park, along Hwy 550 near mile 18.4. Site of proposed DOFAW's Kalalau Rim Exclosure. Metrosideros dominated wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Mirutse Giday & Sara Friberg MGSF12 Kauai PTBG 7/23/1998
24 Lonicera japonica Kokee State Park, unnamed trail from Kokee-Halemanu Trail to Hwy 550. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 5810 Kauai PTBG 2/17/1988
25 Lonicera japonica Keauhou Ranch. 30 ft. from Puu Oo trail. Pastureland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN L. W. Cuddihy 80 Hawaii PTBG 12/20/1979
26 Lonicera japonica Kokee State Park. Kumuwela road. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 1114 Kauai PTBG 6/4/1985
27 Lonicera japonica W. Maui, , Honokowai, Kaulalewelewe. A round Haela'au Cabin and in adjacent areas. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H60101 Maui PTBG 6/1/2001
28 Lonicera japonica Nuuanu Valley, near upper reservoir PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F. R. 27091 Oahu US 9/22/1946
29 Lonicera japonica Waimea District, Kokee State Park, along Highway 550 at ca. 200 m south of Awa1awapuhi trailhead. Diverse mesic forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D. H.; Perlman, S. P.; Kishida, W.; Watanabe, K. 10528 Kauai US 7/16/2015
30 Lonicera japonica At Volcano dump PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W. L.; Miller, S. W.; Flynn, T. W.; Gustafson, R. 5269 Hawaii US 2/28/1984
31 Lonicera japonica nuuanu valley, near upper reservoir PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 27091 Oahu US 9/22/1946
32 Lonicera japonica at volcano dump PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. l. wagner, s. w. miller, t. w. flynn & r. gustafson 5269 Hawaii US 2/28/1984
33 Lonicera japonica waimea district, kokee state park, along highway 550 at ca. 200 m south of awa1awapuhi trailhead. Diverse mesic forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. h. lorence, s. p. perlman, w. kishida & k. watanabe 10528 Kauai US 7/16/2015
34 Lonicera japonica kilauea military camp, kilauea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 33294 Hawaii US 2/12/1951
35 Lonicera japonica Kilauea Military Camp, Kilauea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F. R. 33294 Hawaii US 2/12/1951
36 Lonicera japonica polama settlement, laie PRESERVED_SPECIMEN luke, k. collector number: 9 Kauai BISH 11/24/1960
37 Lonicera japonica Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Kilauea Volcano, Crater Rim Rd. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F. R. 47722 Hawaii US 9/20/1965
38 Lonicera japonica byu-hawaii loam PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lee, p. collector number: 41 Oahu BISH 3/27/1975
39 Lonicera japonica BYU-HC loamy clay, grasses PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Loyd, L. 24 Oahu BISH 3/23/1977
40 Lonicera japonica keauhou ranch, kau district. 30 ft from puu oo trail Plants in pastureland, climbing up a fallen tree. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN cuddihy, l.w. esp team collector number: 080 Hawaii BISH 12/20/1979
41 Lonicera japonica East Maui, Makawao District, Kealahou ahupuaa, Kula, crest of Kekaulike Ave., Keahuaiwi Gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. Martz, K. Collector Number: 981209-1 Maui BISH 12/9/1998
42 Lonicera japonica wahiawa, utm 2377373, 601576 Mesic cultivated area. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oed collector number: 2008011501 Oahu BISH 1/15/2009
43 Lonicera japonica S.Kona, Honomalino PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kawasaki, A. s.n. Hawaii BISH 9/28/1962
44 Lonicera japonica hawaii volcanoes national park, kilauea volcano, crater rim rd. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 47722 Hawaii US 9/20/1965
45 Lonicera japonica Honolulu, 908 Kamilonui Rd full sun, potted PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 1855 Oahu BISH 1/13/1986
46 Lonicera japonica BYU-Hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Mace, G. 1 Oahu BISH 4/4/1975
47 Lonicera japonica s.kona, honomalino PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kawasaki, a. Hawaii BISH 9/28/1962
48 Lonicera japonica Ualakaa St., Honolulu, Arthur Greenwell place PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 21704 Oahu BISH 6/22/1947
49 Lonicera japonica laie grassy margin of pasture PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kamae, k.k. collector number: 22 Maui BISH 4/13/1967
50 Lonicera japonica cch, courtyard men's dorm i, in corner of court by lounge dry aa lava with Sophora, Canthium, Dodonaea, Metrosideros PRESERVED_SPECIMEN ayakawa, g.t. collector number: gta-4 Hawaii BISH 3/15/1967
51 Lonicera japonica byu-hc loamy clay, grasses PRESERVED_SPECIMEN loyd, l. collector number: 24 Oahu BISH 3/23/1977
52 Lonicera japonica Keauhou Ranch, Kau District. 30 ft from Puu Oo trail Plants in pastureland, climbing up a fallen tree. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cuddihy, L.W. 80 Hawaii BISH 12/20/1979
53 Lonicera japonica Kapalama Hts., Kamamehameha Girls' School PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Neal, M.C. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/6/1932
54 Lonicera japonica honolulu, 908 kamilonui rd PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. collector number: 1855 Oahu BISH 1/13/1986
55 Lonicera japonica W Maui, Lahaina District, Honokowai, Kaulalewelewe PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H60101 Maui BISH 6/1/2001
56 Lonicera japonica Volcano dump PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 5269 Hawaii BISH 2/28/1984
57 Lonicera japonica BYU-HC, Laie loam, grassy PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ziegelbauer, K. 25 Oahu BISH 2/18/1975
58 Lonicera japonica w maui, lahaina district, honokowai, kaulalewelewe Growing in a clearing within the scattered Metrosideros - Cheirodendron forest with a closed Cibotium understory. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h60101 Hawaii BISH 6/1/2001
59 Lonicera japonica kilauea volcano, crater rim rd., near residence area Metrosideros forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 47722 Hawaii BISH 9/20/1965
60 Lonicera japonica Honolulu, Nuuanu Ave. nr. Country Club, residence of Theo.Cooke PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Neal, M.C. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/12/1948
61 Lonicera japonica kapalama hts., kamamehameha girls' school In patches over 30 cm in diameter on the Ewa (southeast) side of the breakwater at the mouth of the stream. -- Only on basalt rock and with Porphyra. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN neal, m.c. judd, a.f.; bryan jr., e.h. Oahu BISH 6/6/1932
62 Lonicera japonica byu-hc, laie silty loam; ground cover PRESERVED_SPECIMEN afualo, d. collector number: 81 Oahu BISH 3/17/1975
63 Lonicera japonica Keauhou Ranch, Kau District, 30 ft. from Puu oo Trail Plants in pastureland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cuddihy, L.W. 80 Hawaii BISH 12/20/1979
64 Lonicera japonica east maui, makawao district, kealahou ahupuaa, kula, crest of kekaulike ave., keahuaiwi gulch On wet wooded gully. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN starr, f. martz, k. collector number: 981209-1 Oahu BISH 12/9/1998
65 Lonicera japonica Nuuanu Valley, near upper reservoir top of embankment PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 27091 Oahu BISH 9/22/1946
66 Lonicera japonica BYU-Hawaii loam PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lee, P. 41 Oahu BISH 3/27/1975
67 Lonicera japonica honolulu, 3058 nuuanu ave PRESERVED_SPECIMEN thompson, mrs.r.o. Oahu BISH 5/29/1947
68 Lonicera japonica ualakaa st., honolulu, arthur greenwell place PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. greenwell, a. collector number: 21704 Kauai BISH 6/22/1947
69 Lonicera japonica waihee valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN preble, j. collector number: 2007120801 Kauai BISH 12/8/2007
70 Lonicera japonica Waihee Valley Naturalized on ridge, sprawling over shrub. Associated vegetation- Haole koa, Strawberry guava. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Preble, J. 2007120801 Oahu BISH 12/8/2007
71 Lonicera japonica W Maui, Lahaina District, Honokowai, Kaulalewelewe PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H60101 Maui BISH 6/1/2001
72 Lonicera japonica Waimea District. Kokee State Park, along Highway 550 at about 200 meters south of Awa`awapuhi Trail head. Diverse mesic forest, with Metrosideros polymorpha and Acacia koa dominant. Understory with Psychotria, Claoxylon, Nesteges, and Pouteria, invaded by Hedychium, Lonicera, Psidium, Corynocarpus and Morella. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D.H. 10528 Kauai BISH 7/16/2015
73 Lonicera japonica Wahiawa, UTM 2377373, 601576 Mesic cultivated area. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN OED 2008011501 Oahu BISH 1/15/2009
74 Lonicera japonica u.h.campus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN octavio, a.m. Oahu BISH 11/23/1929
75 Lonicera japonica east maui, makawao district, pulehunui ahu, kula, crater road near pony express Sprawling across ground and twining up trees. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN starr, f. martz, k. collector number: 980826-17 Maui BISH 8/26/1998
76 Lonicera japonica waimea, kokee state park; unnamed trail from kokee-halemanu trail to highway 550 predominantly secondary vegetation of Myrica faya, Acacia melanoxylon, and Eucalyptus, with some native species PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lorence, d.h. flynn, r.; crum, e.; plews, j.h.r. collector number: 5810 Kauai BISH 2/17/1988
77 Lonicera japonica East Maui, Makawao District, Pulehunui AHU, Kula, Crater Road near Pony Express Sprawling across ground and twining up trees. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. Martz, K. Collector Number: 980826-17 Maui BISH 8/26/1998
78 Lonicera japonica byu-hc, laie loam, grassy PRESERVED_SPECIMEN ziegelbauer, k. collector number: 25 Oahu BISH 2/18/1975
79 Lonicera japonica N Kona, Kaloko AHU, Tr 50 (5/6); N slope of Hualalai, E of Kaupulehu Crater Mesic koa-ohia forest w/other native trees and a native-exotic shrub and grass u/s PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Warshauer, F.R. FRW 2117 Hawaii BISH 5/31/1905
80 Lonicera japonica kilauea military camp Dry green slopes. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 33294 Oahu BISH 2/12/1951
81 Lonicera japonica CCH, courtyard Men's Dorm I, in corner of court by lounge PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ayakawa, G.T. GTA-4 Oahu BISH 3/15/1967
82 Lonicera japonica Polama Settlement, Laie PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Luke, K. 9 Oahu BISH 11/24/1960
83 Lonicera japonica n kona, kaloko ahu, tr 50 (5/6); n slope of hualalai, e of kaupulehu crater PRESERVED_SPECIMEN warshauer, f.r. collector number: frw 2117 Oahu BISH
84 Lonicera japonica honolulu, nuuanu ave. nr. country club, residence of theo.cooke PRESERVED_SPECIMEN neal, m.c. Oahu BISH 6/12/1948
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