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Acanthospermum australe

(Loefl.) Kuntze (1891)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Acanthospermum

ihi kukae hipa, kūkaehipa [kukaehipa], paraguay bur, pipili, spiny bur, spiny-bur

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form:

Stems:

Roots: Root system includes a tap root, adventitious roots, and rooting at nodes.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades deltate, rhombic, or triangular Apex acute. Base attenuate or cuneate (wedge-shaped). Margins serrate/dentate.

Flowers:

Fruit:

Ploidy:

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Kaho'olawe Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 303 (1891)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:252 (Ni, K, O, Mo, L, M, Ka, H); Faccenda, Arthur, et al. 2025:159 (remove Ni [no evidence of nat.])

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Acanthospermum australe Kohala Mts Near Kehena, Kehena Ditch Trail, edge of reservoir Preserved_Specimen Prostrate herb, flowers white Fosberg, F.R. 10181 Hawaii BISH 1933-09-02
2 Acanthospermum australe NW of Lua Makika Forestry planting goat exclosure Preserved_Specimen Clarke, G. 219 Kahoolawe BISH 1980-04-25
3 Acanthospermum australe Palawai Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 296 Lanai BISH 1928-02-09
4 Acanthospermum australe Kokee Meadow Waimea Drainage Basin, W side Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1112 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
5 Acanthospermum australe Koele Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 176 Lanai BISH 1913-06-01
6 Acanthospermum australe Kaholuamanu, above Waimea Preserved_Specimen Heller, A.A. 2030 Kauai BISH 1895-09-02
7 Acanthospermum australe Pohakea Pass Preserved_Specimen Funk, E.J. 407 Oahu BISH 1982-05-27
8 Acanthospermum australe Koholuamanu Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 5784 Kauai BISH 1909-09-30
9 Acanthospermum australe Hawaii National Park Hwy to K.M.C Preserved_Specimen Fagerlund, G.O. 142 Hawaii BISH 1942-11-07
10 Acanthospermum australe Koholuamanu Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 5783 Kauai BISH 1909-09-01
11 Acanthospermum australe Halawa Heights Roadside ground by Harbor View Drive Preserved_Specimen Mäkinen, L. 65431 Oahu BISH 1965-12-19
12 Acanthospermum australe Koholuamanu Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 5782 Kauai BISH 1909-09-30
13 Acanthospermum australe Nuuanu Valley Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1060 Oahu BISH 1909-01-20
14 Acanthospermum australe W Maui Along pasture & forest rd Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2485 Maui BISH 1986-01-27
15 Acanthospermum australe Mahana Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 299 Lanai BISH 1913-10-01
16 Acanthospermum australe Halemanu Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Kauai BISH 1929-04-30
17 Acanthospermum australe Kilauea Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Hawaii BISH 1908-01-01
18 Acanthospermum australe Pineapple field Preserved_Specimen Christophersen, E. Oahu BISH 1924-12-07
19 Acanthospermum australe Mokuleia Kaawa-Kamokunui Psidium - Lantana forest Preserved_Specimen Grant, M.L. 7002 Oahu BISH 1934-07-01
20 Acanthospermum australe Waianae District, Waianae Mountains Lands of Keawaula, beginning of jeep trail to Kawaihapai near army tracking station, along rd Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5613 Oahu BISH 1985-07-21
21 Acanthospermum australe Mahana Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 173 Lanai BISH 1913-10-01
22 Acanthospermum australe Windward side of northern part of Kalepa Ridge Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Kauai BISH 1977-07-20
23 Acanthospermum australe Kauai Preserved_Specimen Christensen, C. 169 Kauai BISH 1977-02-24
24 Acanthospermum australe Kalamaula Disturbed roadsides Preserved_Specimen Prostrate weed Herbst, D.R. 5106 Molokai BISH 1974-11-13
25 Acanthospermum australe Mokuleia Kaawa-Kamokunui Psidium - Lantana forest Preserved_Specimen Grant, M.L. 7002 Oahu BISH 1934-07-01
26 Acanthospermum australe Honouliuli Along roadside 1 mi S of Puu Manawahua In gravel Preserved_Specimen Webster, G.L. 1474 Oahu BISH 1948-03-28
27 Acanthospermum australe Near Waimea Canyon Lookout In disturbed rd margins Preserved_Specimen Carlquist, S. 9 Kauai BISH 1953-08-12
28 Acanthospermum australe Near Ahupu Bay By side of trail Forming mat. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate herb, 2-5 cm ht, spiny pods Bryan Jr., E.H. 742 Kahoolawe BISH 1931-02-17
29 Acanthospermum australe NE Lanai, Halulu Gulch, flat ridgetop Occasional prostrate herb growing on flat ridgetop with Chamaecrista, Waltheria, Sida fallax, Lantana, Heteropogon. Preserved_Specimen Imada, C. 200241 Lanai BISH 2002-07-22
30 Acanthospermum australe Road system between Ka'ena and Kealia trail Along road Preserved_Specimen Rare, one patch seen Faccenda, K. 2153 Oahu BISH 2021-11-06
31 Acanthospermum australe Kukumamalu [sp?] gulch; along Kamehameha Hwy. Roadside. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate herb; locally common. Flowers bars with hooks. Starr, F. 505179 Molokai BISH 2005-05-17
32 Acanthospermum australe Summit On small patches of soil on wind-swept summit Preserved_Specimen Low herb 10 cm ht Bryan Jr., E.H. 1413 Kahoolawe BISH 1939-01-07
33 Acanthospermum australe Kokee State Park On Canyon Trail to Waipoo Falls In open, dry site Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 4952 Kauai BISH 1983-08-26
34 Acanthospermum australe P.T.B.G., Lawai Valley In dry, bare, exposed areas Preserved_Specimen Prostrate, mat-forming herb with yellow flowers Herbst, D.R. 2328 Kauai BISH 1972-01-12
35 Acanthospermum australe NE part of island Betw Lua Makika & Waaiki Gulch On hardpan substrate in patches of vegetation composed of Prosopis pallida, Andropogon pertusus, & Atriplex semibaccata Preserved_Specimen Prostrate herb Cuddihy, L.W. 400 Kahoolawe BISH 1980-04-24
36 Acanthospermum australe W Maui Along forest rd Forming healthy green patches 50-60 cm across Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2486 Maui BISH 1986-01-27
37 Acanthospermum australe Kalalau Valley, Na Pali Coast Growing occasionally under full sun in lower reaches of valley. Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. 322 Kauai BISH 1979-07-16
38 Acanthospermum australe Kokee Berry Flat, along trail In open forest Preserved_Specimen Prostrate to erect herb, flowers yellow-green Bryan Jr., E.H. 1462 Kauai BISH 1940-07-29
39 Acanthospermum australe Wiliwilinui Ridge W of Wailupe, upper haole koa zone Wayside plant Preserved_Specimen Egler, F.E. 37237 Oahu BISH 1937-04-06
40 Acanthospermum australe West Maui, trail up to windmills On disturbed dirt road. Preserved_Specimen Welton, P. 2459 Maui BISH 2020-11-08
41 Acanthospermum australe Mokuleia Kaawa-Kamokunui Psidium - Lantana forest Preserved_Specimen Grant, M.L. 7002 Oahu BISH 1934-07-01
42 Acanthospermum australe Koolau Range Waialaeiki-Wailupe, Wiliwilinui Ridge In dry places Preserved_Specimen White-flowered weed Cowan, R.S. 586 Oahu BISH 1947-05-11
43 Acanthospermum australe E central part of island NW of Lua Makika & NE of Moaula, forestry exclosure surrounded by barren hardpan Forestry exclosure surrounded by barren hardpan, growing in shade of Casuarina trees Preserved_Specimen Prostrate herb Cuddihy, L.W. 413 Kahoolawe BISH 1980-04-24
44 Acanthospermum australe Kaumalapau Highway, Koele/Keomuku Trail Preserved_Specimen Small prostrate annual weed, leaves opposite, flower heads solitary at branch bases on short stems, white or yellow Spence, G. 358 Lanai BISH 1973-10-23
45 Acanthospermum australe Kokee Rd, Puu Ka Pele overlook Preserved_Specimen Flowers white, lvs drk grn Hume, L. 220 Kauai BISH 1986-04-05
46 Acanthospermum australe Kunia Pineapple field Preserved_Specimen Prostrate herb Herbst, D.R. 5364 Oahu BISH 1975-06-17
47 Acanthospermum australe Lihue Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 486 Kauai BISH 1916-10-04
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