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Carex uncinata

L.f. (1782)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Cyperaceae Genus: Carex

hook sedge

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Perennials with short rhizomes.

Stems: Culms densely tufted, 20–60 cm tall, 0.7–1 mm in diameter near base, trigonous, smooth.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. 3-ranked. Blades linear, usually longer than the culm, 2–6 mm wide. Apex gradually tapering and long-acuminate. Margins scabrous. Sheathing, basal sheaths brown to dusky brown, the lower few subaphyllous. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in spikes yellowish green, linear, (4.5–)8–13(–21) cm long, 2.5–4.5 mm wide, laxly to moderately densely flowered, the staminate part 1–3 cm long; pistillate glumes pale yellowish brown, membranous, oblong–elliptic to lanceolate, (3.5–)4.2–6(–8) mm long, 1–1.2(–1.5) mm wide, the midnerve green, apex acute; perigynium olive green, membranous, erect, lanceoloid to lanceoloid–ellipsoid, weakly obcompressed, trigonous, longer or shorter than the subtending glume, 4–5.4 mm long, 1–1.2 mm wide, 2–nerved, glabrous, base cuneate–stipitate, gradually narrowed to a subulate-conical beak, the orifice obliquely truncate; rachilla 7–9 mm long, exerted from the perigynium 3.5–5 mm, the apical hook 1.5–2.5 mm long. Flowers unisexual. Corolla (petals) absent. Stamens 3. Ovary superior.

Fruit: Achenes brownish gray; oblong–obovoid; trigonous; 2.3–2.5 mm long. Seeds 1; seed coat thin; free from pericarp; embryo basal; endosperm abundant.

Ploidy: 2n = 88

Habitat: Occurring in wet forest; occasionally in bogs.

Elevation Range: 1,040–2100 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Indigenous

Island Status

Kaua'i Indigenous
Molokai Indigenous
Maui Indigenous
Hawai'i Indigenous

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Suppl. Pl.: 413 (1782)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1436 (K, Mo, M, H [as Uncinia uncinata]); Global Carex Group 2015:37 (Syn. U. uncinata = C. uncinata); Hillebrand 1888 (Mo†, 1871)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Carex uncinata Uqulele? Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 924 Maui BISH 1919-07-01
2 Carex uncinata W Waimea drainage basin Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 950 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
3 Carex uncinata W Waimea drainage basin Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 950 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
4 Carex uncinata W Waimea drainage basin Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 884 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
5 Carex uncinata Ukulele Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 924 Maui BISH 1919-07-01
6 Carex uncinata Ukulele Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 924 Maui BISH 1919-07-01
7 Carex uncinata Hanehane, Hualalai, near Puuwaawaa Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 180 Hawaii BISH 1911-06-16
8 Carex uncinata National Park, Hilo entrance Preserved_Specimen Fagerlund, G.O. 563 Hawaii BISH 1943-05-23
9 Carex uncinata Kokee, Kaluapuhi trail Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5128 Kauai BISH 1983-12-20
10 Carex uncinata Saddle Rd., N side, marker 19 Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 4881 Hawaii BISH 1983-07-27
11 Carex uncinata Kalani Cabin, Kilauea Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 12729 Hawaii BISH 1911-01-01
12 Carex uncinata Kilauea, tree fern drive Preserved_Specimen Meebold, A. Hawaii BISH 1932-05-01
13 Carex uncinata Hoopuloa Preserved_Specimen Smith, G.G. Hawaii BISH 1902-01-01
14 Carex uncinata Waimea Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1909-06-01
15 Carex uncinata Site 24 OS, Olaa, Olaa Forest Reserve Closed healthy. Assoc. spp.: Metrosideros polymorpha, Ilex anomala, Myrsine lessertiana, Cheirodendron trigynum, Coprosma spp., Psychotria hawaiiensis, Gouldia sp. Soils are moderately deep and well drained organic/ash found over an a'a flow. Preserved_Specimen Adee, K.T. Hawaii BISH 1976-07-09
16 Carex uncinata Kalauilehua, Volcano House Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1912-07-01
17 Carex uncinata Kilauea, Fern Jungle Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Hawaii BISH 1927-08-08
18 Carex uncinata Kilauea Volcano Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Hawaii BISH 1928-08-01
19 Carex uncinata [Hawaiian Islands; U.S.A.; Hawaii Preserved_Specimen 663 BISH 1918-04-24
20 Carex uncinata Maui Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 474 Maui BISH 1918-04-24
21 Carex uncinata Kipahulu, SW of central ridge swampy Preserved_Specimen DeWreede, R.E. 5 Maui BISH 1967-08-16
22 Carex uncinata Haleakala, Wai Anapanapa, Kipahulu-Kuhiwa divide rain forest Preserved_Specimen tufts St.John, H. 21010 Maui BISH 1945-08-14
23 Carex uncinata Lihue District. Ridge and slopes running south of Kawaikini Dubautia-Sadleria shrubland-fernland w/Dubautia imbricata subsp. acronaea, D. knudsenii subsp. Filiformis, D. laxa subp. hirsuta, D. paleata, D. raillardioides, D. pauciflorula, Sadleria cyatheoides, S. pallida, S. souleyetiana, S. squ Preserved_Specimen Sedge, leaves and culms dark green, in flower and fruit. Occasional to common Wood, K.R. 16191 Kauai BISH 2015-01-07
24 Carex uncinata Drive to end of Kulani Prison Road about 3 miles past Kulani Prison (Honor) Camp; or 19 miles from intersection with Kona-Hilo Highway near Hilo Mixed Acacia - Metrosideros - Cibotium community Preserved_Specimen Sedge about 1 foot tall Newell, C.L. 515 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-21
25 Carex uncinata S Hilo, ~17 mi S of Pohakuloa ohia forest in kipuka Preserved_Specimen Webster, G.L. 13974 Hawaii BISH 1968-06-28
26 Carex uncinata West Maui mountain Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. 437 Maui BISH 1864-01-01
27 Carex uncinata W Maui, Puu Kukui forest patch on summit Preserved_Specimen Cranwell, L.M. 2650 Maui BISH 1938-07-24
28 Carex uncinata Kaiholena Unit, TNC Ka`u Preserve, Old Plantation Springs area Closed to open Metrosideros forest w/ Cheirodendron over a secondary canopy of Cibotium spp. and native shrubs. 50-70% Metrosideros @ 8-15 m, Cheirodendron trigynum 10-30% cover @ 5-8 m; Cibotium chamissoi 50-80% @ 3-5 m; Sadleria spp. 10-20% @ 1-3 m; and Broussaisia arguta 10-40% @ 1.5-4 m. Preserved_Specimen Terrestrial sedge, common. Wood, K.R. 12394 Hawaii BISH 2007-05-15
29 Carex uncinata W Kipahulu Valley wet open forest Preserved_Specimen Lamoureux, C.H. 4001 Maui BISH 1967-08-09
30 Carex uncinata West Maui, Puu Kukui open bog Preserved_Specimen 25-40 cm; erect branches Bryan Jr., E.H. 651 Maui BISH 1928-12-20
31 Carex uncinata West Maui, above Helu Peak forest Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 624 Maui BISH 1979-06-16
32 Carex uncinata 6.75 mi E of Puu Huluhulu, Saddle Rd. kipuka, Metrosideros Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 25340 Hawaii BISH 1954-12-25
33 Carex uncinata ca 4 miles below Kulani Prison site, ca. 100 yds off Kulani Prison Road Wet, w/ Cibotium, Metrosideros, Alysia, Certandra [sic]. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 371 Hawaii BISH 1967-03-26
34 Carex uncinata Haleakala, E of Waikekeehia foot of cliff, moist Preserved_Specimen tufts St.John, H. 17766 Maui BISH 1936-12-25
35 Carex uncinata East Maui, between Puu Ahulili and Kaupo Gap rainforest; with Dicranopteris, Cheirodendron, Metrosideros Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 2713 Maui BISH 1976-07-05
36 Carex uncinata Puna, Olaa FR, Volcano transfer dump wet, Metrosideros Preserved_Specimen tufted sedge Herbst, D.R. 5597 Hawaii BISH 1975-12-16
37 Carex uncinata Kilauea Forest, Kau District In closed Metrosideros - Acacia koa - Cibotium forest with ground cover of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides, Microlaena stipoides and ferns. Preserved_Specimen Small terrestrial sedge about 1' tall. Cuddihy, L.W. 478 Hawaii BISH 1980-07-22
38 Carex uncinata East Maui, between Puu Ahulili and Kaupo Gap with Dicranopteris, Cheirodendron, Metrosideros, Myrsine Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 2875 Maui BISH 1976-07-06
39 Carex uncinata Kulani to Mauna Loa, edge of 1942 lava flow with Metrosideros, on aa lava Preserved_Specimen terrestrial; loose, small, spreading tufts Fosberg, F.R. 42061 Hawaii BISH 1961-09-06
40 Carex uncinata Kilauea Forest, Kau District, near the boundary with Keauhou Ranch growing in closed Metrosideros - Cibotium forest with ground cover of ferns such as Dryopteris paleacea, Pteris irregularis, and Ctenitis rubiginosa. Preserved_Specimen Small terrestrial sedge 1' tall. Cuddihy, L.W. 477 Hawaii BISH 1980-07-22
41 Carex uncinata East Maui, Haleakala National Park, makai of Supply Trail. Northing: 2297894; Easting: 789232 Aspect: Northeast. On rocky ledge. Open subalpine scrubland. Deschampsia, Leptecophylla, Vaccinium, Dryopteris, Luzula, Elaphoglossum, Sadleria, Pteridium, Morelotia, Geranium, Metrosideros, Coprosma, Holcus, Hypochoeris Preserved_Specimen large plants with very robust spike Pezzillo, Z. 72 Maui BISH 2022-11-12
42 Carex uncinata Drive to end of Kulani Prison Road about 3 miles past Kulani Prison (Honor) Camp; or 19 miles from intersection with Kona-Hilo Highway near Hilo Mixed Acacia - Metrosideros - Cibotium community Preserved_Specimen Sedge about 1 foot tall Newell, C.L. 516 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-21
43 Carex uncinata Site 27; OS, Waiakea, Kulani Project Soils are a shallow well-drained, organic, found over an aa flow. Preserved_Specimen Closed healthy. Adee, K.T. Hawaii BISH 1979-07-22
44 Carex uncinata East Maui, Hana District, Kipahulu Forest Reserve, Healani Stream with Acacia, Dodonaea, Styphelia Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 1878 Maui BISH 1976-06-15
45 Carex uncinata Kokee, Waineke swamp damp Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2187 Kauai BISH 1926-06-28
46 Carex uncinata S Kona, Keokea dry, ohia, rough aa lava Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1509 Hawaii BISH 1936-08-20
47 Carex uncinata West Maui, Puu Kukui open bog Preserved_Specimen 25-40 cm; erect branches Bryan Jr., E.H. 651 Maui BISH 1928-12-20
48 Carex uncinata East Maui, Kula pipe line, Olinda woods, wet bank Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10295 Maui BISH 1930-02-11
49 Carex uncinata Kilauea Volcano treefern rain forest; on bases Preserved_Specimen Iltis, H.H. 76 Hawaii BISH 1967-06-19
50 Carex uncinata East Maui, Hana District, NE Haleakala, 1.5 mi from Paliku Cabin, between Wai Anapanapa and Waieleele In rain forest Preserved_Specimen Common. Henrickson, J.S. 3910 Maui BISH 1969-07-18
51 Carex uncinata East Maui, Hana District, Kipahulu Valley, NE ridge from central ridge mud Preserved_Specimen DeWreede, R.E. 34 Maui BISH 1967-08-19
52 Carex uncinata East Maui, Hana District, E of Kaupo Gap, Kipahulu Forest Reserve ridge; Holcus, Acacia, Hypochoeris, Styphelia Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 2643 Maui BISH 1976-07-01
53 Carex uncinata East Maui, Hana, Koolau FR, Wailua Nui, headwaters above Waiokamilo and Kano streams montane, wet; Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Dicranopteris, Clermontia arborea, Coprosma, Kadua affinis, Perrottetia, Peperomia, Cyrtandra, Myrsine, Pipturus albidus, moss, fern Preserved_Specimen terrestrial sedge Wood, K.R. 12595 Maui BISH 2007-10-23
54 Carex uncinata N Haleakala, Kula pipe line, W of Waikamoi, 2.5 mi ENE of Olinda with Scaevola, Clermontia arborescens, Styphelia tameiameiae Preserved_Specimen Iltis, H.H. 506 Maui BISH 1967-08-05
55 Carex uncinata West Maui, below summit of Puu Kukui toward Nakalalua In bog below summit Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 3826 Maui BISH 1938-07-27
56 Carex uncinata National Park, 1.5 mi S of Volcano House tern fern forest; with Cibotium, Metrosideros, Astelia, Sadleria, Coprosma Preserved_Specimen terrestrial Henrickson, J.S. 4084 Hawaii BISH 1969-08-06
57 Carex uncinata Waimea, Parker Ranch woods Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4160 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-09
58 Carex uncinata East Maui, between Puu Ahulili and Kaupo Gap with Dicranopteris, Acacia, Metrosideros, Myrsine; rainforest Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 2965 Maui BISH 1976-07-06
59 Carex uncinata Waimea, Parker Ranch woods Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4159 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-09
60 Carex uncinata Keauhou Ranch, Kau District, USFS study site On ground of disturbed Metrosideros closed forest. Preserved_Specimen Common sedge. Height: 1 ft. Fruit with tiny barbed hooks. Cuddihy, L.W. 148 Hawaii BISH 1980-01-23
61 Carex uncinata West Maui, Nakalalua swamp on ridge Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10240 Maui BISH 1930-02-06
62 Carex uncinata East Maui, Hana District, E Haleakala, 2 mi NE of Paliku Cabin, below Wai Anapanapa shaded rain forest; with Pelea, Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Myrsine, Rubus, Coprosma, Sadleria Preserved_Specimen Henrickson, J.S. 3559 Maui BISH 1969-06-19
63 Carex uncinata East Maui, Hana District, E Haleakala, 2 mi NE of Paliku Cabin, N of Wai Anapanapa shaded; with Metrosideros, Pelea, Myrsine, Cheirodendron, Styphelia, Coprosma, Rubus Preserved_Specimen Henrickson, J.S. 6820 Maui BISH 1969-06-18
64 Carex uncinata W Maui, Puu Kukui rain forest, on ridge Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Maui BISH 1933-08-16
65 Carex uncinata Hawaii Volcanoes National Park: behind Thurston Lava Tube Disturbed Metrosideros-Cibotium rainforest. Preserved_Specimen Forming moderate to small sized clumps. Hoe, W.J. 882 Hawaii BISH 1966-07-21
66 Carex uncinata West Maui, Puu Kukui open bog Preserved_Specimen Ewart III, G.R. 126 Maui BISH 1928-12-18
67 Carex uncinata E. Maui, Koolau Gap, Keanae Valley, east Piinaau drainages closed Metrosideros polymorpha forest, 70-80 % closed canopy, heights ranging between 8 and 15 m w/ Cheirodendron trigynum, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Broussaisia arguta, Coprosma ochracea, Hedyotis terminalis, Clermontia arborescens subsp. waihiae, Cyrtandra grayi, Cyrtandra paludosa, Cyrtandra platyphylla, and Rubus hawaiensis (akala). Preserved_Specimen terrestrial sedge, occasional with flower and fruit Wood, K.R. 12565 Maui BISH 2007-09-25
68 Carex uncinata East Maui, Haleakala National Park, makai of Supply Trail. Northing: 2297894; Easting: 789232 Aspect: Northeast. On rocky ledge. Open subalpine scrubland. Deschampsia, Leptecophylla, Vaccinium, Dryopteris, Luzula, Elaphoglossum, Sadleria, Pteridium, Morelotia, Geranium, Metrosideros, Coprosma, Holcus, Hypochoeris Preserved_Specimen large plants with very robust spike Pezzillo, Z. 70 Maui BISH 2022-11-12
69 Carex uncinata Hanehane, Hualalai, near Puuwaawaa Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 180 Hawaii BISH 1911-06-16
70 Carex uncinata Haleakala, Paliku foggy, shrubby slope Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 12560 Maui BISH 1939-08-05
71 Carex uncinata Hawaii County. Puu Makaala Natural Area Reserve Site. Preserved_Specimen Fruiting Valverde, Y. 3 Hawaii BISH 2019-09-09
72 Carex uncinata W Waimea drainage basin Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 950 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
73 Carex uncinata HVNP: behind Thurston Lava Tube. Preserved_Specimen Forming moderate to small-sized clumps in a disturbed Metrosideros-Cibotium rainforest. Hoe, W.J. 882 Hawaii BISH 1966-07-21
74 Carex uncinata West Maui, Puu Kukui open bog Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10249 Maui BISH 1930-02-07
75 Carex uncinata Above Kipuka Ahiu Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 922 Hawaii BISH 1915-06-23
76 Carex uncinata Volcano House Preserved_Specimen Lee, H.A. 264 Hawaii BISH 1925-01-01
77 Carex uncinata Kokee, Awaawapuhi Stream Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 2239 Kauai BISH 1971-11-10
78 Carex uncinata East Maui, Hana District, E Haleakala, 2 mi NE of Paliku Cabin, below Wai Anapanapa shaded, rain forest; with Carex alligata, Peperomia, Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Pelea, Rubus, Vaccinium Preserved_Specimen Henrickson, J.S. 3597 Maui BISH 1969-06-20
79 Carex uncinata Kahuka FR, Kau with Metrosideros, on ground Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 26797 Hawaii BISH 1971-06-24
80 Carex uncinata East Maui, Hana District, Hana Forest Reserve, Wai Anapanapa shaded under Rubus and Metrosideros Preserved_Specimen Harrison, B. 593 Maui BISH 1974-01-12
81 Carex uncinata East Maui, Kipahulu Forest Reserve with Dryopteris, Sadleria, Cheirodendron, Metrosideros, Vaccinium Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 1731 Maui BISH 1976-06-11
82 Carex uncinata Kipahulu Valley Preserved_Specimen Russell, C.A. 566 Maui BISH 1984-03-03
83 Carex uncinata Hanehane, Hualalai, near Puuwaawaa Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 180 Hawaii BISH 1911-06-16
84 Carex uncinata Above Kipuka Ahiu Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 922 Hawaii BISH 1915-06-23
85 Carex uncinata N Haleakala Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1199 Maui BISH 1919-08-20
86 Carex uncinata Hanehane, Hualalai, near Puuwaawaa Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 180 Hawaii BISH 1911-06-16
87 Carex uncinata Kohala Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8401 Hawaii BISH 1910-06-01
88 Carex uncinata Ukulele Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 924 Maui BISH 1919-07-01
89 Carex uncinata N Haleakala Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1199 Maui BISH 1919-08-20
90 Carex uncinata [Hawaiian Islands; U.S.A.; Hawaii Preserved_Specimen Broad, obtuse, dark brown glumes Hillebrand, W.B. BISH
91 Carex uncinata Haleakala, above Waikikuhia Preserved_Specimen 2' grass Olson, G.E. 63 Maui BISH 1937-08-05
92 Carex uncinata Kaeanae Gap, Halehoku, Haleakala Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1101 Maui BISH 1919-08-02
93 Carex uncinata Ukulele Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 744 Maui BISH 1919-07-13
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