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Cestrum diurnum

L. (1753)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Solanales Family: Solanaceae Genus: Cestrum

Chinese inkberry, day cestrum, day jessamine, mākāhala [makahala]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs up to 2 m tall, sparsely pubescent with minute simple hairs, later glabrate.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades oblong, usually 5–11 cm long, 2–4.5 cm wide. Apex acute. Base broadly cuneate. Margins entire. Petiolate. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in axillary, long–pedunculate, spicate tacemes. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic. Calyx tubular, 5 lobed. Corolla strongly sweet–scented by day, white, tubular, slender, the lobes rounded, reflexed. Anthers included; filaments inserted on corolla tube. Ovary superior, 2-celled, on a small disk, glabrous; style 1, erect; stigma capitate, at about the same level as anthers.

Fruit: Berries black; succulent; globose; 8–10 mm in diameter.

Ploidy: 2n = 16

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

  • Yes

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Maui Only found in cultivation
Hawai'i Only found in cultivation

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Specimens

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Bibliography

Name Published In: Sp. Pl.: 191 (1753)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1254 (K, O, Mo); Staples & Herbst 2005:528, 533 (KEY), 533 (DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Cestrum diurnum L. Haena Near road & possibly garden. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Earle, E. 37 Kauai BISH 6/26/1972
2 Cestrum diurnum L. near corner of university avenue & date street PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kelly, m. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 12/1/1961
3 Cestrum diurnum L. Honolulu, 1930 Ualakaa St., residence of G.P.Wilder PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wilder, G.P. s.n. Oahu BISH 3/7/1931
4 Cestrum diurnum L. haena open Pandanus grove PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. hosaka, e.y.; hume, e.; et al. collector number: 11008 Kauai BISH 1/3/1931
5 Cestrum diurnum L. la pietra, honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, a. collector number: 27 Oahu BISH 8/9/1929
6 Cestrum diurnum L. haena Along road, sandy soil w/other introduced trees. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN macdaniels, l.h. collector number: 868 Kauai BISH 2/25/1927
7 Cestrum diurnum L. honolulu: manoa valley; university of hawaii manoa campus, university of hawaii press, 2840 kolowalu partial shade PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. collector number: 1517 Oahu BISH 10/15/1985
8 Cestrum diurnum L. Halawa Along trail in abandoned taro patches. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St.John, H. et al. Collector Number: 12671 Molokai BISH 12/27/1932
9 Cestrum diurnum L. honolulu; 770 kinau street, near alapai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN tallman, v. collector number: (brown) 1482 Oahu BISH 11/25/1928
10 Cestrum diurnum L. honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN thompson collector number: (brown) 1267 Oahu BISH 11/1/1923
11 Cestrum diurnum L. haena PRESERVED_SPECIMEN earle, e. collector number: 37 Maui BISH 6/26/1972
12 Cestrum diurnum L. honolulu; manoa valley; university of hawaii manoa campus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN krajina, v.j. Oahu BISH 4/30/1962
13 Cestrum diurnum L. Halawa Along trail in abandoned taro patches. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 12671 Molokai BISH 12/27/1932
14 Cestrum diurnum L. Honolulu; Manoa Valley; University of Hawaii Manoa Campus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Krajina, V.J. s.n. Oahu BISH 4/7/1962
15 Cestrum diurnum L. keopukaloa In Lantana thicket, bottom of gulch. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. et al. collector number: 12741 Molokai BISH 12/27/1932
16 Cestrum diurnum L. south kona district, at the amy b.h.greenwell ethnobotanical garden, captain cook, back yard of the manager's residence PRESERVED_SPECIMEN staples, g.w. collector number: 621 Hawaii BISH 5/19/1990
17 Cestrum diurnum L. kam campus Landscape planting. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN brown, f.b.h. collector number: 1872 Oahu BISH 11/1/1934
18 Cestrum diurnum L. nuuanu valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: 960 Oahu BISH 1/5/1909
19 Cestrum diurnum L. honolulu, 1930 ualakaa st., residence of g.p.wilder PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wilder, g.p. Oahu BISH 3/7/1931
20 Cestrum diurnum L. limahuli valley; ptbg, along road to haas house PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. collector number: 805 Kauai BISH 3/16/1984
21 Cestrum diurnum L. East Maui, Huelo, residential area Side of rd. Associated vegetation: Java plum, rose apple. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. 001206-4 Maui BISH 12/6/2000
22 Cestrum diurnum L. Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Thompson Collector Number: (Brown) 1267 Oahu BISH 11/1/1923
23 Cestrum diurnum L. liliha street, in vacant lot PRESERVED_SPECIMEN suehiro, a. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH
24 Cestrum diurnum L. east end of island PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s.n. collector number: s.n. Molokai BISH 4/11/1961
25 Cestrum diurnum L. east maui, huelo, residential area Side of rd. Associated vegetation: Java plum, rose apple. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN starr, f. martz, k. collector number: 001206-4 Maui BISH 12/6/2000
26 Cestrum diurnum L. Limahuli Valley. PTBG. Along road to Haas house. Secondary vegetation. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 805 Kauai PTBG 3/16/1984
27 Cestrum diurnum L. poki street abandoned pineapple fields PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rothwell, t. collector number: s.n. Kauai BISH 12/15/1931
28 Cestrum diurnum L. Lawai Valley. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Big Valley. Cultivated plants. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 402 Kauai PTBG 5/17/1983
29 Cestrum diurnum L. Along N bank of Hanalei River, W of Hanalei Bridge; river bank with Leucaena leucocephala, Hibiscus tiliaceus, and naturalized grasses. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 7748 Kauai PTBG 2/4/1996
30 Cestrum diurnum L. Captain Coo, Amy B. H. Greenwell Ethnobotanical Garden. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Botany Dept. sub George Staples 621 Hawaii PTBG 5/19/1990
31 Cestrum diurnum L. Found occassionally along road with white eyes attracted to it (for its fruits?). Haena State Park near beach. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Carolyn Corn s.n. Kauai PTBG 6/15/1978
32 Cestrum diurnum L. Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O.; Park, K. K. 9943 Oahu US 8/4/1935
33 Cestrum diurnum L. honolulu, oahu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN otto degener & k.k. park UPS 8/4/1935
34 Cestrum diurnum L. honolulu dist., honolulu watershed for res, koolau mts, mt tantalus, monoa cliffs trail, between trailhd and pauoa flats trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. g. lammers 8067 Oahu US 5/23/1991
35 Cestrum diurnum L. lahilahi PRESERVED_SPECIMEN urbain jean faurie; b.1847; d.1915; faurie 545 US
36 Cestrum diurnum L. Honolulu Dist., Honolulu Watershed For Res, Koolau Mts, Mt Tantalus, Monoa Cliffs Trail, between trailhd and Pauoa Flats Trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lammers, T. G. 8067 Oahu US 5/23/1991
37 Cestrum diurnum L. halawa, along trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. st. john, r. j. baker, j. w. coulter & f. r. fosberg 12671 Molokai US 12/27/1932
38 Cestrum diurnum L. eastern end PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 15077 Molokai US 10/9/1916
39 Cestrum diurnum L. near end of road overlooking Halawa Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 7414 Molokai US 5/4/2028
40 Cestrum diurnum L. hanalei district, along n bank of hanalei river, w of hanalei bridge PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. h. lorence & m. lorence 7748 Kauai US 2/4/1996
41 Cestrum diurnum L. Halawa, along trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H.; Baker, R. J.; Coulter, J. W.; Fosberg, F. R. 12671 Molokai US 12/27/1932
42 Cestrum diurnum L. near end of road overlooking halawa valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 7414 Oahu US 5/4/1928
43 Cestrum diurnum L. Eastern end PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 15077 Molokai US 10/9/2016
44 Cestrum diurnum L. South Kona district, at the Amy B.H.Greenwell Ethnobotanical Garden, Captain Cook, back yard of the manager's residence PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Staples, G. 621 Hawaii BISH 5/19/1990
45 Cestrum diurnum L. honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener & k. park 9943 Oahu US 8/4/1935
46 Cestrum diurnum L. Hanalei Dist.; along N bank of Hanalei River, W of hanalei Bridge River bank, with Leucaena leucocephala, Hibiscus tiliaceus & naturalized grasses. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D.H. 7748 Kauai BISH 2/4/1996
47 Cestrum diurnum L. Honolulu: Manoa Valley; University of Hawaii Manoa Campus, University of Hawaii Press, 2840 Kolowalu partial shade PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 1517 Oahu BISH 10/15/1985
48 Cestrum diurnum L. Kam Campus Landscape planting. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Brown, F.B.H. 1872 Oahu BISH 11/1/1934
49 Cestrum diurnum L. KAUAI: *Kalalau Valley, north side and east of Keanapuka Falls, *Dicranopteris-Diplopterigium matting fern ridge with occasional Santalum freycinetianum, Kadua affinis, Coprosma waimeae, Metrosideros polymorpha, Dodonaea viscosa, Dianella sandwicensis, Pteridium decompositum, Scaevola procera, Xylosma hawaiiense, Psychotria mariniana, Ilex anomala, Bobea elatior, Pouteria sandwicensis, Syzygium sandwichensis, associates becoming more abundant in adjacent drainages with rich fern understory of Cibotium nealiae, Nephrolepis exaltata var. hawaiiense, Diplazium sandwicense, Sphenomeris chinensis, Doodia kunthiana PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 12472 Kauai PTBG 7/30/2007
50 Cestrum diurnum L. University of Hawaii Campus; Dean Hall PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Woolford, H.A. 273 Oahu BISH 1/16/1956
51 Cestrum diurnum L. Limahuli Valley; PTBG, along road to Haas house PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 805 Kauai BISH 3/16/1984
52 Cestrum diurnum L. Haena State Park Along the road, near beach. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Corn, C. Collector Number: s.n. Kauai BISH 6/15/1978
53 Cestrum diurnum L. hanalei dist.; along n bank of hanalei river, w of hanalei bridge mixed with fern and hepatics. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lorence, d.h. lorence, m.n. collector number: 7748 Hawaii BISH 2/4/1996
54 Cestrum diurnum L. Haena State Park Along the road, near beach. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Corn, C. s.n. Kauai BISH 6/15/1978
55 Cestrum diurnum L. nuuanu valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: 959 Oahu BISH 1/5/1909
56 Cestrum diurnum L. haena state park Along the road, near beach. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN corn, c. collector number: s.n. Kauai BISH 6/15/1978
57 Cestrum diurnum L. Honolulu; 770 Kinau Street, near Alapai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tallman, V. (Brown) 1482 Oahu BISH 11/25/1928
58 Cestrum diurnum L. Hanalei District, along N bank of Hanalei River, W of Hanalei Bridge PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D. H.; Lorence, M. 7748 Kauai US 2/4/1996
59 Cestrum diurnum L. Near corner of University Avenue & Date Street PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kelly, M. s.n. Oahu BISH 12/1/1961
60 Cestrum diurnum L. Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Thompson (Brown) 1267 Oahu BISH 11/1/1923
61 Cestrum diurnum L. University of Hawaii Rock Garden. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tanaka, Y. s.n. Oahu BISH 12/9/1929
62 Cestrum diurnum L. Liliha Street, in vacant lot PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Suehiro, A. s.n. Oahu BISH
63 Cestrum diurnum L. Nuuanu Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 960 Oahu BISH 1/5/1909
64 Cestrum diurnum L. Dowsett Highlands PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Mitchell, D.D. s.n. Oahu BISH 9/30/1946
65 Cestrum diurnum L. university of hawaii Rock Garden. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN tanaka, y. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 12/9/1929
66 Cestrum diurnum L. honolulu; manoa valley; university of hawaii manoa campus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN krajina, v.j. Oahu BISH 4/7/1962
67 Cestrum diurnum L. Keopukaloa In Lantana thicket, bottom of gulch. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 12741 Molokai BISH 12/27/1932
68 Cestrum diurnum L. halawa Along trail in abandoned taro patches. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. et al. collector number: 12671 Molokai BISH 12/27/1932
69 Cestrum diurnum L. Haena In open Pandanus grove. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 11008 Kauai BISH 1/3/1931
70 Cestrum diurnum L. Kalihi Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Korte, K.H. s.n. Oahu BISH 5/5/1954
71 Cestrum diurnum L. La Pietra, Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, A. 27 Oahu BISH 8/9/1929
72 Cestrum diurnum L. Moakea, vicenty of Brant Field Found growing along fenceline at edge of pasture. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H110714 Molokai BISH 11/7/2007
73 Cestrum diurnum L. haena In open Pandanus grove. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. et al. collector number: 11008 Kauai BISH 1/3/1931
74 Cestrum diurnum L. kalihi valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN korte, k.h. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 5/5/1954
75 Cestrum diurnum L. East Maui, Huelo, residential area Side of rd. Associated vegetation: Java plum, rose apple. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. Martz, K. Collector Number: 001206-4 Maui BISH 12/6/2000
76 Cestrum diurnum L. dowsett highlands In rocky places. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN mitchell, d.d. collector number: s.n. Maui BISH 9/30/1946
77 Cestrum diurnum L. Nuuanu Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 959 Oahu BISH 1/5/1909
78 Cestrum diurnum L. Haena open Pandanus grove PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 11008 Kauai BISH 1/3/1931
79 Cestrum diurnum L. Poki Street PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rothwell, T. s.n. Oahu BISH 12/15/1931
80 Cestrum diurnum L. East end of island PRESERVED_SPECIMEN S.N. s.n. Molokai BISH 4/11/1961
81 Cestrum diurnum L. Haena Along road, sandy soil w/other introduced trees. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN MacDaniels, L.H. 868 Kauai BISH 2/25/1927
82 Cestrum diurnum L. Kalalau Valley. In gully above cliff in NE upper valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 3254 Kauai BISH 8/18/1990
83 Cestrum diurnum L. university of hawaii campus; dean hall PRESERVED_SPECIMEN woolford, h.a. collector number: 273 Oahu BISH 1/16/1956
84 Cestrum diurnum L. moakea, vicenty of brant field Found growing along fenceline at edge of pasture. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h110714 Molokai BISH 11/7/2007
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