Cyrtandra tintinnabula

Rock (1918)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Lamiales Family: Gesneriaceae Genus: Cyrtandra

ha‘iwale [haiwale], kanawao ke‘oke‘o [kanawao keokeo]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs 1–2 m tall.

Stems: Stems rounded to angular, pubescent with multicellular hairs or glabrate.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite, borne on upper 3–6 nodes. Those leaves of a pair slightly unequal, symmetrical to somewhat asymmetrical, chartaceous, broadly elliptic to ovate, 13–26 cm long, 5–12.3 cm wide. Apex long-acuminate. Base broadly cuneate to truncate. Upper surfaces sparsely hirtellous; lower surfaces sparsely to moderately villous, especially along veins, more densely pubescent when young, the hairs yellowish brown. Margins dentate to serrate. Petioles 5.3–10.5 cm long, moderately short–villous, rarely densely so, base sometimes clasping the stem or perfoliate. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers 3–6 in open umbelliform cymes arising in the leaf axils, densely villous, peduncles 10–18 mm long, pedicels 5–15 mm long, bracts foliaceous, distinct or occasionally connate, broadly ovate or cordate, 9–15 mm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx 2–5(6)-lobed, nearly actinomorphic, pale green when fresh, campanulate, 9–10 mm long, cleft ¼–⅓ its length, the lobes broadly deltate, conspicuously reflexed, venation inconspicuous, both surfaces densely villous, apex rounded, deciduous or persistent in fruit. Corolla usually bilabiate, white; tube cylindrical, straight or curved, ca. 12 mm long, ca. 5 mm in diameter, densely villous, upper lip 2-lobed, lower lip 3-lobed, the lobes imbricate in bud, lobes subequal, rhombic–orbicular, ca. 3 mm long; ovary glabrous. Stamens 5, inserted about halfway up corolla tube, the 2 upper Stamens fertile, others staminodial, +/– with abortive anthers; fertile anthers coherent positioned in throat of corolla tube, dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits or occasionally by apical pores. Ovary superior, oblong–ovoid, 2-carpellate, 1-celled, placentation parietal, placentas 2, ± intruded, rarely joined in center and dividing ovary into 2 cells; ovules numerous, anatropous, glabrous, apex rounded or with a stylar beak; style ca. 2 mm long, sparsely puberulent; stigma capitate, 2-lobed, lobes usually elliptic.

Fruit: Fruit unknown. Seeds unknown.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Known only from 4 collections in wet forest.

Elevation Range: 730–1,040 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Amer. J. Bot. 5: 267 (1918)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:779 (H)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Cyrtandra tintinnabula Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Closed Metrosideros forest w/ few koa; understory of Cheirodendron, Ilex, Myrsine, Coprosma, Pelea, & Cibotium. Preserved_Specimen Davis, J. 680 Hawaii BISH 1982-02-04
2 Cyrtandra tintinnabula Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Acacia koa-Metrosideros-Cibotium forest Preserved_Specimen Perlman, S. 18324 Hawaii BISH 2003-01-02
3 Cyrtandra tintinnabula Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet forest. Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 10467 Hawaii BISH 1933-12-08
4 Cyrtandra tintinnabula Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 1572 Hawaii BISH 1976-07-03
5 Cyrtandra tintinnabula Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 3290 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-03
6 Cyrtandra tintinnabula Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 1572 Hawaii BISH 1976-07-03
7 Cyrtandra tintinnabula Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 3290 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-03
8 Cyrtandra tintinnabula Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Adee, K.T. 7105 Hawaii BISH 1978-06-16
9 Cyrtandra tintinnabula Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Acacia koa-Metrosideros-Dicranopteris linearis wet forest. With Antidesma platyphylla, Ilex anomaia, Perrottebia sandwicensis, Kadua affinis, Cheirodendron trigynum, Leptecophylla, Pipturus albidus, Rubus hawaiiensis, Psidium cattlelanum, Mysine lessertiana Preserved_Specimen Perlman, S. 23189 Hawaii BISH 2012-12-18
10 Cyrtandra tintinnabula Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet forest. Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 10467 Hawaii BISH 1933-12-08
11 Cyrtandra tintinnabula Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Adee, K.T. 7100 Hawaii BISH
12 Cyrtandra tintinnabula Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet koa- ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern, native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 1317 Hawaii BISH 1977-08-13
13 Cyrtandra tintinnabula Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet koa- ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern, native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 1310 Hawaii BISH 1977-08-13
14 Cyrtandra tintinnabula Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Open Metrosideros-Acacia forest. Preserved_Specimen Clarke, G. 563 Hawaii BISH 1981-02-10
15 Cyrtandra tintinnabula Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet forest. Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 10467 Hawaii BISH 1933-12-08
16 Cyrtandra tintinnabula Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Open Metrosideros - Acacia forest. Preserved_Specimen Clarke, G. 563 Hawaii BISH 1981-02-10