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Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Gentianales Family: Rubiaceae Genus: Kadua

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Prostrate, branched shrubs.

Stems: Stems quadrangular, densely hirtellous or glabrous, older stems with prominent exfoliating corky layers, with short, congested, leafy shoots in the axils.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades ovate or cordate, 1–3(–4) cm long, 0.3–2 cm wide. Apex acute or acuminate. Base attenuate or cordate. Lower surfaces glabrous or hirtellous along midrib, Blade subcoriaceous. Margins entire. Lateral veins few, strongly ascending, higher order venation inconspicuously reticulate. Petioles 0–0.2 cm long, connate at base. Stipules lanceolate with a broad base, ca. 2.5–2.8 mm long, glabrous, more or less somewhat fimbriate.

Flowers: Flowers 1-10 in reduced, terminal, corymbose cymes, these puberulent in lower part, bracts cordate to lanceolate, 10–15 mm long; hypanthium turbinate, 1.5-2 mm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect) and pistillate; insect-pollinated. Calyx lobes foliaceous, broadly lanceolate, 4–8 mm long, 1.5–3.5 mm wide, enlarging somewhat in fruit. Corolla color unknown, fleshy, glaucous, salverform, the tube ca. 6–7 mm long, the limb not quadrangular in bud, but apex depressed, the lobes ca. 3–4 mm long at anthesis, strongly inflexed in bud; nectary disk present. Stamens as many as and alternate with the corolla lobes, inserted just below mouth of corolla tube; anthers sessile or on short filaments, apparently dehiscing prior to anthesis, dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary inferior or partly so, 2(-4)-locular; ovules few to numerous on fleshy placentas near middle of septum; style as many as carpels, cylindrical to filiform, terminal, slender, densely long–woolly toward base, apex 2–lobed; stigma bilobed or subcapitate, included or exserted.

Fruit: Capsules subglobose; up to 3 mm long; 4–5 mm in diameter; dehiscing loculicidally across disk; then ca. ½ to base; pyrenes very tardily separating septicidally; endocarp somewhat sclerified; disk raised. Seeds nearly black; angled; pitted; with well-developed oily endosperm; or endosperm occasionally scanty or absent.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Mesic forest.

Elevation Range: 1200–1220 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Only found in cultivation
O'ahu Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1142 (O [as Hedyotis degeneri var. degeneri]); Terrell et al. 2005:833/Kennedy et al. 2010:24 (COMBNOV:Syn. H. degeneri var. degeneri)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Ca. 150 plants scattered just along lip of vertical walls in Metrosideros-Dicranopteris lowland mesic forest with Alyxia, Cocculus, Lysimachia hillebrandii, Chamaesyce multiformis, Stenogyne kaalae, Psychotria hathewayi, Lobelia yuccoides, Plantago princeps var. princeps. Threats: Schinus, Melinis, Ageratina adenophora. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 5062 Oahu BISH 3/22/1996
2 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Open mixed mesic forest on a ridge crest; w/ Dodonaea, Diospyros, Gahnia, Metrosideros, Pleomele, Canthium, Psychotria, Psidium cattleianum PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 2015 Oahu BISH 2/17/1986
3 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Dicranopteris Lowland Mesic Forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 5067 Oahu PTBG 3/22/1996
4 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Acacia koa-Metrosideros polymorpha mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 12884 Oahu PTBG 6/28/1992
5 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros mesic cliff and forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 3432 Oahu PTBG 8/6/1994
6 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Dicranopteris Montane Wet Forest w/ cliffs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 2915 Oahu PTBG 12/27/1993
7 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Dicranopteris Lowland Mesic Forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 5068 Oahu PTBG 3/22/1996
8 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Dicranopteris Lowland Mesic Forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 5062 Oahu PTBG 3/22/1996
9 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Dicranopteris Lowland Mesic Forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 5066 Oahu PTBG 3/22/1996
10 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood 2918 Oahu US 12/29/1993
11 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood 3432 Oahu US 8/6/1994
12 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros Mixed Mesic to Wet Forest w/ Cliffs PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 5210 Oahu PTBG 5/7/1996
13 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros Lowland Mesic Forest with Cliffs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 2918 Oahu PTBG 12/29/1993
14 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN l. m. dunn 167 Kauai US 4/24/2003
15 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood 2915 Oahu US 12/27/1993
16 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood 5066 Oahu US 3/22/1996
17 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood 5062 Oahu US 3/22/1996
18 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN L. M. Dunn 167 Kauai US 4/24/2003
19 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood 5210 Oahu US 5/7/1996
20 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Rocky rainy ridge PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. park, k.k.; nitta, y.; bush, w. collector number: 11695 Oahu BISH 6/11/1932
21 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information pots PRESERVED_SPECIMEN dunn, l. collector number: 167 Kauai BISH 4/24/2003
22 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information pots PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Dunn, L. Collector Number: 167 Kauai BISH 4/24/2003
23 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Ca. 150 plants on lip of vertical walls in Metrosideros-Dicranopteris lowland mesic forest with Alyxia, Cocculus, Lysimachia hillebrandii, Chamaesyce multiformis, Stenogyne kaalae, Psychotria hathewayi, Lobelia yuccoides, Plantago princeps var. princeps. Threats: Melinis, Ageratina adenophora, Schinus. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wood, k.r. collector number: 5066 Oahu BISH 3/22/1996
24 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. park, k.k.; nitta, y.; bush, w. collector number: 11695 Molokai BISH 6/11/1932
25 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. salucop, f. collector number: 11681 Oahu BISH
26 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Ca. 100 plants in Metrosideros mixed mesic to wet forest with cliffs; Eragrostis grandis, Bidens torta, Hedyotis parvula, H. schlechtendahliana, & H. degeneri var. degeneri, Plantago princeps var. princeps, Silene perlmanii, Diellia unisora. Threats: Pigs, landslide, Ageratina adenophora, Schinus, Melinis. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 5210 Oahu BISH 5/7/1996
27 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Wet forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN welton, p. heller, r.; haus, b. collector number: 556 Molokai BISH 6/23/1990
28 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros lowland mesic forest with cliffs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wood, k.r. collector number: 2918 Oahu BISH 12/29/1993
29 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Rocky rainy ridge PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 11695 Oahu BISH 6/11/1932
30 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information pots PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Dunn, L. 167 Kauai BISH 4/24/2003
31 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Ca. 150 plants on lip of vertical walls in Metrosideros-Dicranopteris lowland mesic forest with Alyxia, Cocculus, Lysimachia hillebrandii, Chamaesyce multiformis, Stenogyne kaalae, Psychotria hathewayi, Lobelia yuccoides, Plantago princeps var. princeps. Threats: Melinis, Ageratina adenophora, Schinus. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 5066 Oahu BISH 3/22/1996
32 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Open mixed mesic forest on a ridge crest; w/ Dodonaea, Diospyros, Gahnia, Metrosideros, Pleomele, Canthium, Psychotria, Psidium cattleianum PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. collector number: 2015 Oahu BISH
33 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Ca. 100 plants in Metrosideros mixed mesic to wet forest with cliffs; Eragrostis grandis, Bidens torta, Hedyotis parvula, H. schlechtendahliana, & H. degeneri var. degeneri, Plantago princeps var. princeps, Silene perlmanii, Diellia unisora. Threats: Pigs, landslide, Ageratina adenophora, Schinus, Melinis. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wood, k.r. collector number: 5210 Oahu BISH 5/7/1996
34 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Ridge leading to Alsinidendron; steep west facing slope just above the Gulch. Other species are Xylosma hawaiiensis; Diospyros sandwicensis. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Welton, P. 556 Oahu BISH 6/23/1990
35 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Ca. 150 plants scattered just along lip of vertical walls in Metrosideros-Dicranopteris lowland mesic forest with Alyxia, Cocculus, Lysimachia hillebrandii, Chamaesyce multiformis, Stenogyne kaalae, Psychotria hathewayi, Lobelia yuccoides, Plantago princeps var. princeps. Threats: Schinus, Melinis, Ageratina adenophora. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wood, k.r. collector number: 5062 Oahu BISH 3/22/1996
36 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 11681 Oahu BISH
37 Kadua degeneri subsp. degeneri Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros lowland mesic forest with cliffs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 2918 Oahu BISH 12/29/1993
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