Canavalia kauaiensis

J.D.Sauer (1964)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Fabales Family: Fabaceae Genus: Canavalia

‘āwikiwiki [awikiwiki], puakauhi

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Perennial climbers, branches twining.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves compound. Alternate. Leaflets broadly elliptic to broadly ovate or sometimes ovate, 6.5–15 cm long, 3.7–7.5 cm wide. Apex bluntly short-acuminate. Base broadly cuneate to rounded. Surfaces sparsely appressed pubescent to glabrous; leaflets chartaceous. Leaflet margins entire. Petiolate. Stipules present small, caducous. Leaflet stipels minute.

Flowers: Flowers 8–14 in axillary pseudoracemes 3–9 cm long. Flowers papilionaceous; bracteoles present, caducous. Calyx 20–22 mm long, sparsely appressed pubescent or glabrate, upper edge shallowly concave, upper lip 10–13 mm long, the 2 lobes connate except in the distal 2–3 mm, lowest lobe subulate, 3–4 mm long. Calyx bilabiate, 5-lobed, the upper lip large and with 2 lobes connate along the upper margin, the lower lip trifid. Corolla magenta to dark purple, standard with a white spot and streaks at base, 35–38 mm long, wing petals 35–36 mm long, keel petals 39–40 mm long. Stamens 10; upper stamen distinct at base, loosely adhering to the other 9 up to middle, the other 9 connate into a tube. Ovary superior, stipitate; ovules 5–20; style incurved, glabrous; stigma small, terminal.

Fruit: Pods compressed; 13–18 cm long; 2.8–3.5 cm wide; appressed pubescent when young; soon glabrate; each valve with a longitudinal sutural ridge and an additional longitudinal ridge (3–)4–9 mm below the upper suture. Seeds yellowish to reddish brown; oblong–elliptic; strongly compressed; 19–24 mm long; 12–16 mm wide; the hilum 13–16 mm long. Seeds transversely arranged; ellipsoid; hilum elongated; oblong; with a small; papery; persistent rim–aril.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Scattered in diverse mesic forest and those degraded with guava or <i>Lantana</i>.

Elevation Range: 180–800 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic
O'ahu Only found in cultivation

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • 180-800 m
  • Description digitized by McKenna Bonn-Savage
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
  • degraded by guava and lantana

Bibliography

Name Published In: Brittonia 16: 176 (1964)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:653 (K)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Vine growing on Pisonia sandwicensis. Corolla deep purple. Flynn, T.W. 558 Kauai BISH 1983-08-18
2 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 5 Kauai BISH 1968-10-01
3 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 710 Kauai BISH 1916-10-31
4 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rémy, J. 670 Kauai BISH 1851-01-01
5 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 6 Kauai BISH 1968-10-01
6 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 7 Kauai BISH 1968-10-01
7 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 7 Kauai BISH 1968-10-01
8 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 4 Kauai BISH 1968-10-01
9 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 5 Kauai BISH 1968-10-01
10 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 215 Kauai BISH 1971-04-07
11 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 100 Kauai BISH 1969-04-14
12 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rémy, J. 664 Kauai BISH 1851-01-01
13 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rémy, J. 664 Kauai BISH 1851-01-01
14 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details mesic cliffs; Metrosideros, Acacia koa, Bidens cosmoides, Dianella sandwicensis, Chamaesyce, Styphelia, Alyxia, Gahnia beecheyi, Mariscus sandwicensis, Passiflora mollissima, Psidium guajava, Conyza, Rubus argutus Preserved_Specimen flower deep purple, yellow on flag Wood, K.R. 2101 Kauai BISH 1992-09-07
15 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Yee, H.-K. Kauai BISH 1945-05-03
16 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lydgate, J.M. Kauai BISH
17 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Kauai BISH 1909-08-01
18 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. Kauai BISH 1864-01-01
19 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 2472 Kauai BISH 1972-06-03
20 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Acacia koa forest invaded by Lantana. Preserved_Specimen Perennial twining vine, stems woody. Inflorescence reflexed, keel purple, standard & wing petals dark, deep purple. Seeds 4 per pod. Lorence, D.H. 5290 Kauai BISH 1987-07-01
21 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Below dam in bottom of gulch, in Acacia koa forest. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 26739 Kauai BISH 1968-04-17
22 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 27464 Kauai BISH 1960-11-30
23 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Canyon Preserved_Specimen Robinson, K.D. 2 Kauai BISH 1977-07-14
24 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Forest Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 3 Kauai BISH 1968-10-01
25 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Pandanus forest/ Preserved_Specimen Trailing by roadside and climbing on brush in Pandanus Forest; flowrs - red magenta St.John, H. 24902 Kauai BISH 1952-12-29
26 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Guava-kukui Forest Preserved_Specimen Vine; flowers dark purple with light spot at base of standard. Bishop, L.E. 1310 Kauai BISH 1972-06-03
27 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Mts. Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Kauai BISH 1909-09-01
28 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing up Schinus. On N slope. Degraded Syzygium cumini - Psidium guajava forest Understory of Urochloa, Melinis repens, Sida fallax, Lantana, Pluchea, Stacchytarpheta, naturalized Cyclosorus, Asplenium nidus. Overstory of Schinus terebinthifolius, Aleurites, Psydrax odorata, Syzy Preserved_Specimen Bright purple flowers, calyx med-green with dark hairs. Leaves med-green above and below w/ brown dots (rust?). Old pods w/ many coppery pointy-nosed beetles and a few round beetles. Honey bees observed visiting flowers. Immature pods dark green w/ pointed apex, drying w/ lateral w Tangalin, N. 3208 Kauai BISH 2011-07-10
29 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Forest Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 3 Kauai BISH 1968-10-01
30 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Below dam in bottom of gulch, in Acacia koa forest. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 26739 Kauai BISH 1968-04-17
31 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Pandanus forest/ Preserved_Specimen Trailing by roadside and climbing on brush in Pandanus Forest; flowrs - red magenta, St.John, H. 24902 Kauai BISH 1952-12-29
32 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Vine to 10-15 m. long, over trees, leaves above darkish green, below green, calyx dark green but the margin dark reddish, petals rose carmine, the banner with a central white eye and eleven ascending white rays. St.John, H. 26772 Kauai BISH 1971-04-01
33 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Woody vine; flowrs with pinkish-purple wings; banner obovate-emarginate, pinkish-purple but darker outside; claw and midvein of banner white. Stern, W.L. 1322 Kauai BISH 1961-08-01
34 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Material originally received from Don Reeser, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Big Island, collected from goat exclosure pen at Kukalauula pali, 14 Jul 1978. Preserved_Specimen Orr, D. Oahu BISH 2011-04-22
35 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Pandanus forest/ Preserved_Specimen Trailing by roadside and climbing on brush in Pandanus Forest; flowrs - red magenta, St.John, H. 24902 Kauai BISH 1952-12-29
36 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Below dam in bottom of gulch, in Acacia koa forest. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 26739 Kauai BISH 1968-04-17
37 Canavalia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Vine, standard deep blackish-purple; keep purple; wings violet to a touch of lavender at upper, proximal end. Calyx deep metallic green with numerous dark spots. Herbst, D.R. 2038 Kauai BISH 1971-08-03