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Argemone mexicana

L. (1753)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Ranunculopsida Order: Ranunculales Family: Papaveraceae Genus: Argemone

Mexican poppy

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Annual herbs.

Stems: Stems 2.5–10 dm long, branched, sparsely to moderately covered with prickles.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades oblong–oblanceolate, pinnately lobed ½–¾ to midrib. Surfaces glaucous, margin teeth tipped with a prickle, both surfaces sparsely covered with prickles along veins. Margins somewhat sinuate–dentate, the teeth tipped with a prickle. Simple leaves sessile, upper ones usually somewhat clasping the stem. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers terminal, solitary. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic, buds subglobose, 1.2–1.6 cm long, sparsely prickly. Calyx of (2)3(–6) sepals each with a subterminal horn tipped by a prickle, horns terete (cylindrical), 5–10 mm long, caducous. Petals bright yellow, distinct, 1.7–3 cm long. Stamens 30–50; anthers linear, coiled after dehiscence, dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary superior, 4–6-carpellate, 1-celled; stigma 3–7-lobed.

Fruit: Capsules oblong to broadly ellipsoid; 3–4.2 cm long; each valve with 9–15 prickles; the longest one 7–10 mm long. Seeds numerous; 1.2–1.5 mm in diameter; subglobose; reticulate; endosperm oily.

Ploidy: 2n = 28

Habitat: Dry; disturbed habitats.

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Maui Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Water/Ocean
Other Animals

Pollinators

Specimens

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Bibliography

Name Published In: Sp. Pl.: 508 (1753)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1005 (K, O, M); Wysong et al. 2007:6 (Mo) [Note: Argemone ochroleuca Sweet was collected as a roadside weed by the Degeners at the south end of Kunia Road, O‘ahu, in 1958; in 1985 it was reidentified as A. mexicana]

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Argemone mexicana L. east maui, hana rd. 0.5 mi e of paia; edge of road dry forest, aa lava PRESERVED_SPECIMEN christ, j.h. collector number: s.n. Hawaii BISH 7/12/1957
2 Argemone mexicana L. Near Kunia, along Kunia Rd. Ewa District PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Nagata, K.M. 2462 Oahu BISH 5/9/1982
3 Argemone mexicana L. kalaupapa, w end, near puwahi Grassy. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. pyle, k. collector number: h60729 Molokai BISH 6/30/2007
4 Argemone mexicana L. Mokleia beach, from Kunia Rd., North Shore PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 25135 Oahu BISH 8/8/1959
5 Argemone mexicana L. east island, upper paia, behind old gymnasium in weedy cane field PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 1769 BISH 6/12/1983
6 Argemone mexicana L. West Maui, Waihee. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Funk, E.J. 1302 Maui BISH 5/14/1990
7 Argemone mexicana L. mauka of Lana`I City, near Kaiholena and Iwiole Gulches, north of Nininiwai Hill. at edge of waste area with other weeds from discarded yard clippings. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Bogner, K. KKB0021 Lanai BISH 6/18/2018
8 Argemone mexicana L. East Maui, along Hana Hwy., just E of Kuau, Common on distrurbed road banks and cane roads PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 2886 Maui BISH 6/23/1987
9 Argemone mexicana L. waihanau, near slaughterhouse. kalaupapa national historical park Maintained near grass field. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN garnett, w. Molokai BISH 4/1/2004
10 Argemone mexicana L. Waihanau, near slaughterhouse. Kalaupapa National Historical Park Maintained near grass field. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Garnett, W. s.n. Molokai BISH 4/1/2004
11 Argemone mexicana L. honolulu: manoa valley; university of hawaii manoa campus, sherman laboratory PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. collector number: 1166 Oahu BISH 6/30/1985
12 Argemone mexicana L. koloa, on main cane road to mahaulepu past the koloa mill PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. collector number: 721 Kauai BISH 1/4/1984
13 Argemone mexicana L. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN faurie MNHN 6/1/1909
14 Argemone mexicana L. uh campus, sherman laboratory 200' up steep bank, with uluhe and Psychotria PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. collector number: 1166 Maui BISH 6/30/1985
15 Argemone mexicana L. papaloa, naturalized on side of kapaa by-pass rd. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN n. tangalin 1337 MICH 5/31/2007
16 Argemone mexicana L. MAUI: W. Maui, Lahaina District, Honolua Bay, roadside at overlook on west side of bay. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H80111 Maui PTBG 8/19/2001
17 Argemone mexicana L. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN MNHN 1838-01-01
18 Argemone mexicana L. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Faurie MNHN 6/1/1909
19 Argemone mexicana L. Honolulu, Lower Punchbowl, Old Vineyard Street. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN W. M. Bush 603 Oahu PTBG 4/24/1977
20 Argemone mexicana L. Lihue. Along cane field at northwest corner of Vidinha Stadium parking area. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 1070 Kauai PTBG 4/11/1985
21 Argemone mexicana L. On main cane road to Mahaulepu past the Koloa Mill. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 721 Kauai PTBG 1/4/1984
22 Argemone mexicana L. KAUAI: Koloa District, Hanapepe, Port Allen Small Boat Harbor. Secondary vegetation along entrance road with Argemone, Amaranthus, Merremia, Setaria, Chloris, and Panicum. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 7327 Kauai PTBG 3/29/2007
23 Argemone mexicana L. KAUAI: Papaloa, naturalized on side of Kapaa By-pass Rd. Growing w/ Panicum maximum, Lablab, Senna, Syzygium cumini, Abutilon grandifolium, Macroptilium atropurpureum. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Natalia Tangalin 1337 Kauai PTBG 5/31/2007
24 Argemone mexicana L. Puhi, Kauai Nursery and Landscaping Occasional weed of disturbed soil, found on edge of nursery grounds and as unwanted volunteers growing out of pots. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kelsey Brock 878 Kauai PTBG 6/1/2016
25 Argemone mexicana L. S end of Kunia Road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O.; Degener, I. 24660 Oahu US 4/20/1958
26 Argemone mexicana L. Mauka of Lanai City, near Kaiholena and Iwiole gulches, north of Nininiwai Hill. Edge of waste area. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kari Bogner KKB0021 Lanai PTBG 6/18/2018
27 Argemone mexicana L. West side of Hanapepe Bay, coastal strand south of Burns Airfield. Secondary shrubland mixed with patches of grassland & herbland PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 18388 Kauai PTBG 2/28/2020
28 Argemone mexicana L. Makaiwa Gulch, Waianae Mts. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Donaghho, W. R. s.n. Oahu US 4/13/1947
29 Argemone mexicana L. Mokuleia Beach from Kunia Raod PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O.; Degener, I. 25135 Oahu US 4/8/1959
30 Argemone mexicana L. makaiwa gulch, waianae mts. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. donaghho s.n. Oahu US 4/13/1947
31 Argemone mexicana L. s end of kunia road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener & i. degener 24660 Oahu US 4/20/1958
32 Argemone mexicana L. mokuleia beach from kunia raod PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener & i. degener 25135 Kauai US 4/8/1959
33 Argemone mexicana L. Waialua. From Kemoo-3, Waialua Sugar Co PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kunimitsu, K. s.n. Oahu BISH 5/9/1986
34 Argemone mexicana L. Koloa, on main cane road to Mahaulepu past the Koloa Mill PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 721 Kauai BISH 1/4/1984
35 Argemone mexicana L. waialua. from kemoo-3, waialua sugar co PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kunimitsu, k. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 5/9/1986
36 Argemone mexicana L. Anahola to Kealia, cane haul rd., near seacoast PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. s.n. Kauai BISH 6/11/1978
37 Argemone mexicana L. Honolulu: Manoa Valley; University of Hawaii Manoa Campus, Sherman Laboratory PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 1166 Oahu BISH 6/30/1985
38 Argemone mexicana L. UH campus, Sherman Laboratory PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 1166 Oahu BISH 6/30/1985
39 Argemone mexicana L. near kunia, along kunia rd. ewa district PRESERVED_SPECIMEN nagata, k.m. collector number: 2462 Kauai BISH 5/9/1982
40 Argemone mexicana L. S end of Kunia Rd Sparingly naturalized along roadside. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 24660 Oahu BISH 4/20/1958
41 Argemone mexicana L. east maui, along hana hwy., just e of kuau, common on distrurbed road banks and cane roads PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 2886 Maui BISH 6/23/1987
42 Argemone mexicana L. foster park, honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN caum, e.l. Oahu BISH 4/9/1934
43 Argemone mexicana L. Keomuku Rd., N of the intersection with Awehi JRd., between Kikoa Pt., and Makaiwa Scattered along unpaved roadside in sandy soil in Kiawe Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H41901 Lanai BISH 4/3/2019
44 Argemone mexicana L. Kalaupapa, W end, near Puwahi Grassy. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H60729 Molokai BISH 6/30/2007
45 Argemone mexicana L. anahola to kealia, cane haul rd., near seacoast PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: sn Kauai BISH 6/11/1978
46 Argemone mexicana L. East Maui, Hana Rd. 0.5 mi E of Paia; edge of road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Christ, J.H. s.n. Maui BISH 7/12/1957
47 Argemone mexicana L. Foster Park, Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Caum, E.L. s.n. Oahu BISH 4/9/1934
48 Argemone mexicana L. s end of kunia rd Sparingly naturalized along roadside. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. degener, i. collector number: 24660 Oahu BISH 4/20/1958
49 Argemone mexicana L. mokleia beach, from kunia rd., north shore PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. degener, i. collector number: 25135 Oahu BISH 8/8/1959
50 Argemone mexicana L. Kauai County, HI, USA PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Faurie Kauai HAPI 6/1/1909
51 Argemone mexicana L. East Island, upper Paia, behind old gymnasium in weedy cane field PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 1769 Maui BISH 6/12/1983
52 Argemone mexicana L. South Kohola District, Waujika Ahupuaa, near jeep road from Hwy. 190 to Puu Pa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hawaii HAPI
53 Argemone mexicana L. east maui, hana rd. 0.5 mi e of paia; edge of road dry forest, aa lava PRESERVED_SPECIMEN christ, j.h. collector number: s.n. Hawaii BISH 7/12/1957
54 Argemone mexicana L. Near Kunia, along Kunia Rd. Ewa District PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Nagata, K.M. 2462 Oahu BISH 5/9/1982
55 Argemone mexicana L. kalaupapa, w end, near puwahi Grassy. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. pyle, k. collector number: h60729 Molokai BISH 6/30/2007
56 Argemone mexicana L. Mokleia beach, from Kunia Rd., North Shore PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 25135 Oahu BISH 8/8/1959
57 Argemone mexicana L. east island, upper paia, behind old gymnasium in weedy cane field PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 1769 BISH 6/12/1983
58 Argemone mexicana L. West Maui, Waihee. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Funk, E.J. 1302 Maui BISH 5/14/1990
59 Argemone mexicana L. mauka of Lana`I City, near Kaiholena and Iwiole Gulches, north of Nininiwai Hill. at edge of waste area with other weeds from discarded yard clippings. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Bogner, K. KKB0021 Lanai BISH 6/18/2018
60 Argemone mexicana L. East Maui, along Hana Hwy., just E of Kuau, Common on distrurbed road banks and cane roads PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 2886 Maui BISH 6/23/1987
61 Argemone mexicana L. waihanau, near slaughterhouse. kalaupapa national historical park Maintained near grass field. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN garnett, w. Molokai BISH 4/1/2004
62 Argemone mexicana L. Waihanau, near slaughterhouse. Kalaupapa National Historical Park Maintained near grass field. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Garnett, W. s.n. Molokai BISH 4/1/2004
63 Argemone mexicana L. honolulu: manoa valley; university of hawaii manoa campus, sherman laboratory PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. collector number: 1166 Oahu BISH 6/30/1985
64 Argemone mexicana L. koloa, on main cane road to mahaulepu past the koloa mill PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. collector number: 721 Kauai BISH 1/4/1984
65 Argemone mexicana L. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN faurie MNHN 6/1/1909
66 Argemone mexicana L. uh campus, sherman laboratory 200' up steep bank, with uluhe and Psychotria PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. collector number: 1166 Maui BISH 6/30/1985
67 Argemone mexicana L. papaloa, naturalized on side of kapaa by-pass rd. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN n. tangalin 1337 MICH 5/31/2007
68 Argemone mexicana L. MAUI: W. Maui, Lahaina District, Honolua Bay, roadside at overlook on west side of bay. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H80111 Maui PTBG 8/19/2001
69 Argemone mexicana L. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN MNHN 1838-01-01
70 Argemone mexicana L. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Faurie MNHN 6/1/1909
71 Argemone mexicana L. Honolulu, Lower Punchbowl, Old Vineyard Street. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN W. M. Bush 603 Oahu PTBG 4/24/1977
72 Argemone mexicana L. Lihue. Along cane field at northwest corner of Vidinha Stadium parking area. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 1070 Kauai PTBG 4/11/1985
73 Argemone mexicana L. On main cane road to Mahaulepu past the Koloa Mill. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 721 Kauai PTBG 1/4/1984
74 Argemone mexicana L. KAUAI: Koloa District, Hanapepe, Port Allen Small Boat Harbor. Secondary vegetation along entrance road with Argemone, Amaranthus, Merremia, Setaria, Chloris, and Panicum. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 7327 Kauai PTBG 3/29/2007
75 Argemone mexicana L. KAUAI: Papaloa, naturalized on side of Kapaa By-pass Rd. Growing w/ Panicum maximum, Lablab, Senna, Syzygium cumini, Abutilon grandifolium, Macroptilium atropurpureum. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Natalia Tangalin 1337 Kauai PTBG 5/31/2007
76 Argemone mexicana L. Puhi, Kauai Nursery and Landscaping Occasional weed of disturbed soil, found on edge of nursery grounds and as unwanted volunteers growing out of pots. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kelsey Brock 878 Kauai PTBG 6/1/2016
77 Argemone mexicana L. S end of Kunia Road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O.; Degener, I. 24660 Oahu US 4/20/1958
78 Argemone mexicana L. Mauka of Lanai City, near Kaiholena and Iwiole gulches, north of Nininiwai Hill. Edge of waste area. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kari Bogner KKB0021 Lanai PTBG 6/18/2018
79 Argemone mexicana L. West side of Hanapepe Bay, coastal strand south of Burns Airfield. Secondary shrubland mixed with patches of grassland & herbland PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 18388 Kauai PTBG 2/28/2020
80 Argemone mexicana L. Makaiwa Gulch, Waianae Mts. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Donaghho, W. R. s.n. Oahu US 4/13/1947
81 Argemone mexicana L. Mokuleia Beach from Kunia Raod PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O.; Degener, I. 25135 Oahu US 4/8/1959
82 Argemone mexicana L. makaiwa gulch, waianae mts. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. donaghho s.n. Oahu US 4/13/1947
83 Argemone mexicana L. s end of kunia road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener & i. degener 24660 Oahu US 4/20/1958
84 Argemone mexicana L. mokuleia beach from kunia raod PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener & i. degener 25135 Kauai US 4/8/1959
85 Argemone mexicana L. Waialua. From Kemoo-3, Waialua Sugar Co PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kunimitsu, K. s.n. Oahu BISH 5/9/1986
86 Argemone mexicana L. Koloa, on main cane road to Mahaulepu past the Koloa Mill PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 721 Kauai BISH 1/4/1984
87 Argemone mexicana L. waialua. from kemoo-3, waialua sugar co PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kunimitsu, k. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 5/9/1986
88 Argemone mexicana L. Anahola to Kealia, cane haul rd., near seacoast PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. s.n. Kauai BISH 6/11/1978
89 Argemone mexicana L. Honolulu: Manoa Valley; University of Hawaii Manoa Campus, Sherman Laboratory PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 1166 Oahu BISH 6/30/1985
90 Argemone mexicana L. UH campus, Sherman Laboratory PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 1166 Oahu BISH 6/30/1985
91 Argemone mexicana L. near kunia, along kunia rd. ewa district PRESERVED_SPECIMEN nagata, k.m. collector number: 2462 Kauai BISH 5/9/1982
92 Argemone mexicana L. S end of Kunia Rd Sparingly naturalized along roadside. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 24660 Oahu BISH 4/20/1958
93 Argemone mexicana L. east maui, along hana hwy., just e of kuau, common on distrurbed road banks and cane roads PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 2886 Maui BISH 6/23/1987
94 Argemone mexicana L. foster park, honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN caum, e.l. Oahu BISH 4/9/1934
95 Argemone mexicana L. Keomuku Rd., N of the intersection with Awehi JRd., between Kikoa Pt., and Makaiwa Scattered along unpaved roadside in sandy soil in Kiawe Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H41901 Lanai BISH 4/3/2019
96 Argemone mexicana L. Kalaupapa, W end, near Puwahi Grassy. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H60729 Molokai BISH 6/30/2007
97 Argemone mexicana L. anahola to kealia, cane haul rd., near seacoast PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: sn Kauai BISH 6/11/1978
98 Argemone mexicana L. East Maui, Hana Rd. 0.5 mi E of Paia; edge of road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Christ, J.H. s.n. Maui BISH 7/12/1957
99 Argemone mexicana L. Foster Park, Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Caum, E.L. s.n. Oahu BISH 4/9/1934
100 Argemone mexicana L. s end of kunia rd Sparingly naturalized along roadside. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. degener, i. collector number: 24660 Oahu BISH 4/20/1958
101 Argemone mexicana L. mokleia beach, from kunia rd., north shore PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. degener, i. collector number: 25135 Oahu BISH 8/8/1959
102 Argemone mexicana L. Kauai County, HI, USA PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Faurie Kauai HAPI 6/1/1909
103 Argemone mexicana L. East Island, upper Paia, behind old gymnasium in weedy cane field PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 1769 Maui BISH 6/12/1983
104 Argemone mexicana L. South Kohola District, Waujika Ahupuaa, near jeep road from Hwy. 190 to Puu Pa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hawaii HAPI
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