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Isodendrion hosakae

H.St.John (1952)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Malpighiales Family: Violaceae Genus: Isodendrion

aupaka

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Branched shrubs 3–8 dm tall.

Stems: Branches pilose (hairs antrorse), leafy at apex to ca. 20 cm below.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, 3–7 cm long, 0.6–2 cm wide. Apex acute to slightly acuminate. Base attenuate. Blades coriaceous. Margins crenulate–serrulate, margins whitish ciliate. Conspicuously reticulate-veined; veins of upper surface slightly impressed, those of lower surface slightly raised, sparsely appressed pilose, at least along veins. Petioles 0.3–1.2 cm long, appressed whitish pilose (hairs antrorse). Stipules slightly asymmetrical, ovate, 2.5–4mm long, the raised, thickened midrib appressed whitish puberulent, becoming noticeably brownish dry and membranous toward margins.

Flowers: Flowers solitary; peduncles whitish puberulent, 2–8 mm long. Flowers fragrant, bisexual (perfect), axillary, on short pedicels; pedicels whitish puberulent, 2–4 mm long, bracts 2.3–3.2 mm long. Calyx of 5 sepals, lanceolate, 4.5–6 mm long, becoming membranous toward the whitish ciliate margins. Corolla of 5 petals, greenish yellow, upper petals ca. 14–15 mm long, the lobes ca. 5.5 mm long, lateral petals ca. 14–16 mm long, the lobes ca. 6 mm long, lower petal 16–18 mm long (as short as 12 mm long when dried), the lobe ca. 7 mm long, creased down the middle. Stamens 5, subequal; filaments ca. 1.3 mm long; anthers ca. 1.2–1.3 mm long, connective of abaxial Stamens prolonged into an apiculate appendage; anthers dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary superior, 3-carpellate, 1-celled, placentation parietal; ovules anatropous; style 1, filiform, sigmoid, apex enlarged and excavated.

Fruit: Capsules green; tinged dull red; ellipsoid; 3–valved; 12–16 mm long; tipped with the persistent style. Seeds olive with a dark spot near the middle; obovoid; 2.8–3 mm long; ca. 2 mm in diameter; with fleshy; oily endosperm.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Occurring in dry shrubland dominated by <i>Dodonaea</i>; <i>Sophora</i>; <i>Wikstroemia</i>; and <i>Santalum</i>.

Elevation Range: 900–1030 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • 900-1,030 m
  • Description digitized by Ellena Ruiz
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii

Bibliography

Name Published In: Pacific Sci. 6: 226 (1952)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1328 (H)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Isodendrion hosakae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Associated with Dodonaea viscosa, Wikstroemia, Railliardia menziesii, Bidens filiformis, Sida fallax, and Eragrostis variabilis. Preserved_Specimen Small woody shrub, 1 1/2-2 1/2 ft. high; fl. whitish, fragrant. Hosaka, E.Y. 3594 Hawaii BISH 1949-02-03
2 Isodendrion hosakae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Ash Substrate. Growing with Dodonaea, Styphelia, Pennisetum setaceum, ans Carex wahuensis var. rubiginosa. Preserved_Specimen Plants occasional. Height 15, bd. 1/4. Flowers and fruit lightgreen. Clarke, G. 80.325 Hawaii BISH 1980-03-20
3 Isodendrion hosakae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5301 Hawaii BISH 1984-02-28
4 Isodendrion hosakae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Associated with Dodonaea viscosa, Wikstroemia, Railliardia menziesii, Bidens filiformis, Sida fallax, and Eragrostis variabilis. Preserved_Specimen Small woody shrub, 1 1/2-2 1/2 ft. high; fls. whitish, fragrant. Hosaka, E.Y. 3594 Hawaii BISH 1949-02-03
5 Isodendrion hosakae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Native scrub of Dodonaea, Styphelia, Osteomeles, few Santalum and Sophora chrysophylla. Fountain grass common. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 2' tall, spread 2 x 2 ft., basal diam. 1/4. Excellent vigor. Fruit and flower present. Frequent in this locality. Clarke, G. 685 Hawaii BISH 1982-04-05
6 Isodendrion hosakae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On cinder cone with Dodonaea, Styphelia, Sophora, Santalum. Windswept north facing slope. Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Hawaii BISH 1980-06-03
7 Isodendrion hosakae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In scrub Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 26953 Hawaii BISH 1980-06-03
8 Isodendrion hosakae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details North slope of cinder cone, just south of the gulch. Preserved_Specimen Just this one branch of plant approximately 10 tall had flowers buds. Sweet fragrance emitted from flowers day and night. Corn, C. Hawaii BISH 1980-01-13
9 Isodendrion hosakae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In native scrub of Dodonaea; Styphelia; Osteomeles & a few Santalum & Sophora chrysophylla; seedlings present Preserved_Specimen Shrub of frequent occurence; 14 in tall; spread 1 by 2 ft; basal diam 1/4 in; excellent vigor Clarke, G. 683 Hawaii BISH 1982-04-05
10 Isodendrion hosakae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Near top of a cinder cone; associated with Dodonaea viscosa; Wikstroemia; Railliardia menziesii; Bidens filiformis; Sida fallax; & Eragrostis variabilis Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 3593 Hawaii BISH 1948-11-04
11 Isodendrion hosakae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details on > 10,00 year old ash/cinder substrate. Outplanted indivdual originating from founders at Pu`upapapa, Waimea-Waikoloa ahupua`a, South Kona District (HA-PPP0A). Unknown parent plant, unknown generation. Growing with Metrosideros polymorpha, Acacia koa, Dodonaea viscosa, Sophora chrysophylla, Pennisetum clandestinum. Preserved_Specimen Low, sprawling multi-branched srub about 1 meter tall. Flowers light greenish yellow. VanDeMark, J. 50 Hawaii BISH 2022-09-06
12 Isodendrion hosakae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details on > 10,00 year old ash/cinder substrate. Outplanted indivdual originating from founders at Pu`upapapa, Waimea-Waikoloa ahupua`a, South Kona District (HA-PPP0A). Unknown parent plant, unknown generation. Growing with Metrosideros polymorpha, Acacia koa, Dodonaea viscosa, Sophora chrysophylla, Pennisetum clandestinum. Preserved_Specimen Low, sprawling multi-branched srub about 1 meter tall. Flowers light greenish yellow. VanDeMark, J. 50 Hawaii BISH 2022-09-06
13 Isodendrion hosakae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Near top of a cinder cone; associated with Dodonaea viscosa; Wikstroemia; Railliardia menziesii; Bidens filiformis; Sida fallax; & Eragrostis variabilis Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 3593 Hawaii BISH 1948-11-04
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