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Sanicula purpurea

H.St.John & Hosaka (1935)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Apiales Family: Apiaceae Genus: Sanicula

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Perennial, rather stout, erect or ascending herbs 0.8–3.6 dm tall, from a massive multicipital caudex.

Stems: Caulescent, stems usually several, decumbent, tufted, paniculately–cymosely branched.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate, basal leaves numerous, cauline leaves reduced upward. Basal leaves reniform or orbicular to ovate–cordate, 2–8 cm wide, 3–7–lobed ½ or less to petiole; basal leaf lobes orbicular to obovate. Blades of basal leaves coriaceous. Margins crenate–serrate with mucronate teeth; cauline leaves palmately 3–5-cleft to or below the middle with obovate lobes. Basal leaf veins impressed on upper surface, prominent on lower surface. Cauline leaves petiolate to subsessile; basal petioles slender, 5–25 cm. long, abruptly sheathing at base. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in paniculately arranged terminal clusters of 1–3 pedunculate, capitate umbels plus similar clusters in upper leaf axils. Umbels 6–10–flowered. Peduncles 0.5–1.5 cm long. Involucre of ca. 10, rather conspicuous, oblong or oblanceolate bracts 3–6 mm long. Perfect flowers 1–3, sessile; staminate flowers 5–7, their pedicels ca. 3 mm long. Calyx teeth ovate, 1–1.5 mm long, obtuse, nearly distinct, in fruit exceeding fruit prickles. Corolla of 5 petals; petals purple or cream, tinged–purple. Stamens 5, inserted on an epigynous disk. Ovary inferior, 2-celled; ovules 1 per cells, anatropous; styles 2, usually swollen at base into a stylopodium.Styles a little longer than calyx teeth, recurved.

Fruit: Fruit subglobose; 2–3.5 mm long; 2–3 mm in diameter; mericarps somewhat compressed dorsally in transection; covered with slender; straight or slightly curved; slightly bulbous–based prickles; vittae inconspicuous; commissural surface shallowly concave; the commissural scar lanceolate. Seeds 1 per mericarp; embryo small; endosperm cartilaginous.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Scattered on mossy precipitous slopes and in open bogs; rarely in low elevation wet forest; in the Ko'olau Mountains; O'ahu; and on West Maui.

Elevation Range: 700–1,460 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

O'ahu Endemic
Maui Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • Description digitized by Pumehana Imada

Bibliography

Name Published In: Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus. 11(13): 6 (1935)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:210 (O, WM)

Wagner, W. L., Herbst, D. R., & Sohmer, S. H. (1999). Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i, Vols. 1 and 2 (No. Edn 2). University of Hawai'i and Bishop Museum Press.

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
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