Setaria italica

(L.) P.Beauv. (1812)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Poaceae Genus: Setaria

broomcorn millet, foxtail millet, proso millet

Naturalized

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form:

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves:

Flowers:

Fruit:

Ploidy:

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

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Synonyms (105)

Alopecurus caudatus Thunb. (1780)

Chaetochloa germanica (Mill.) Smyth (1913)

Chaetochloa italica (L.) Scribn. (1897)

Chaetochloa italica var. germanica (Mill.) Scribn. (1897)

Chamaeraphis italica (L.) Kuntze (1891)

Chamaeraphis italica var. elobulata Kuntze (1891)

Chamaeraphis italica var. germanica (Mill.) Kuntze (1891)

Chamaeraphis italica var. macrochaeta (J.Jacq.) Kuntze (1891)

Echinochloa erythrosperma Roem. & Schult. (1817)

Echinochloa intermedia Roem. & Schult. (1817)

Ixophorus italicus (L.) Nash (1895)

Oplismenus helvolus (L.f.) P.Beauv. (1812)

Oplismenus intermedius (Vahl ex Hornem.) Kunth (1829)

Panicum aegyptiacum Roem. & Schult. (1817)

Panicum asiaticum Schult. & Schult.f. (1827)

Panicum chinense Trin. (1834)

Panicum compactum Kit. ex Schult. (1817)

Panicum elongatum Salisb. (1796)

Panicum erythrospermum Vahl ex Hornem. (1813)

Panicum germanicum Willd. (1797)

Panicum globulare (J.Presl) Steud. (1841)

Panicum glomeratum Moench (1794)

Panicum helvolum L.f. (1782)

Panicum intermedium Vahl ex Hornem. (1813)

Panicum italicum L. (1753)

Panicum italicum convar. maximum Alef. (1866)

Panicum italicum convar. moharia Alef. (1866)

Panicum italicum var. brevisetum Döll (1843)

Panicum italicum var. californicum (Kellogg) Körn. (1885)

Panicum italicum var. compactum (Kit.) Eichler (1882)

Panicum italicum var. erythrospermum (Vahl ex Hornem.) Eichler (1882)

Panicum italicum var. germanicum Loisel. (1806)

Panicum italicum var. inerme Döll (1877)

Panicum italicum var. longisetum Döll (1843)

Panicum italicum var. macrochaetum (J.Jacq.) Döll (1877)

Panicum italicum var. mitis Alef. (1866)

Panicum italicum var. nigrum Körn. (1885)

Panicum italicum var. pabularis Alef. (1866)

Panicum italicum var. praecox Alef. (1866)

Panicum italicum var. violaceum Alef. (1866)

Panicum itieri (Delile) Steud. (1853)

Panicum macrochaetum (J.Jacq.) Link (1821)

Panicum maritimum Lam. (1798)

Panicum melfrugum Schult. & Schult.f. (1827)

Panicum miliaceum Blanco (1837)

Panicum moharicum (Alef.) E.H.L.Krause (1912)

Panicum panis (Jess.) Jess. (1867)

Panicum pumilum Link (1821)

Panicum serotinum Trin. (1826)

Panicum setaceum Trin. (1826)

Panicum setosum Trin. (1826)

Panicum sibiricum Roem. & Schult. (1817)

Panicum verticillatum var. majus Thunb. (1784)

Panicum viride subsp. italicum (L.) Asch. & Graebn. (1899)

Panicum viride var. italicum (L.) Backer (1928)

Panicum vulgare Wallr. (1841)

Paspalum germanicum (Mill.) Baumg. (1816)

Penicillaria italica (L.) Oken (1841)

Pennisetum germanicum (Mill.) Baumg. (1816)

Pennisetum helvolum (L.f.) R.Br. (1810)

Pennisetum italicum (L.) R.Br. (1810)

Pennisetum macrochaetum J.Jacq. (1814)

Setaria asiatica Rchb. (1830)

Setaria californica Kellogg (1873)

Setaria compacta Schur (1866)

Setaria erythrosperma Hornem. ex Rchb. (1830)

Setaria flavida Hornem. ex Rchb. (1830)

Setaria germanica (Mill.) P.Beauv. (1812)

Setaria globularis J.Presl (1830)

Setaria helvola (L.f.) Roem. & Schult. (1817)

Setaria italica subsp. colchica Maisaya & Gorgidze (1985)

Setaria italica subsp. germanica (Mill.) K.Richt. (1890)

Setaria italica subsp. macrochaeta (Link) Nyman (1890)

Setaria italica subsp. maxima Dekapr. & Kaspar. (1928)

Setaria italica subsp. moharia (Alef.) H.Scholz (2006)

Setaria italica subsp. nigrofructa F.T.Hubb. (1915)

Setaria italica subsp. rubrofructa F.T.Hubb. (1915)

Setaria italica subsp. stramineofructa F.T.Hubb. (1915)

Setaria italica subvar. densior F.T.Hubb. (1915)

Setaria italica subvar. germanica (Mill.) F.T.Hubb. (1915)

Setaria italica var. barbata Gammie (1911)

Setaria italica var. breviseta (Döll) Hyl. (1953)

Setaria italica var. compacta Beck (1890)

Setaria italica var. germanica (Mill.) Chevall. (1827)

Setaria italica var. longiseta (Döll) Hyl. (1953)

Setaria italica var. mitis (Alef.) Hyl. (1953)

Setaria italica var. moharia (Alef.) Zimm. (1906)

Setaria italica var. nuda N.H.F.Desp. (1838)

Setaria italica var. praecox (Alef.) Hyl. (1953)

Setaria italica var. purpurea Gammie (1911)

Setaria itieri Delile (1849)

Setaria japonica Pynaert (1861)

Setaria macrochaeta (J.Jacq.) Schult. (1824)

Setaria maritima (Lam.) Roem. & Schult. (1817)

Setaria melinis Link ex Steud. (1841)

Setaria moharia (Alef.) Menabde & Erizin (1948)

Setaria multiseta Dumort. (1824)

Setaria pachystachya Borbás (1900)

Setaria panis Jess. (1863)

Setaria persica Rchb. (1830)

Setaria verticillata var. longiseta (Döll) Volkart (1906)

Setaria violacea Hornem. ex Rchb. (1830)

Setaria viridis subsp. italica (L.) Briq. (1910)

Setaria viridis var. multiseta (Dumort.) T.Durand (1906)

Setariopsis italica (L.) Samp. (1934)

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Potentially naturalizing

O'ahu Only found in cultivation

Hawai'i Only found in cultivation

Dispersal Agents

Pollinators

Specimens

Conservation Status

Hawaii Pacific Weed Risk Assessment Rating:High Risk

HPWRA Score:9

Bibliography

Name Published In: Ess. Agrostogr.: 51 (1812)

Other References

Faccenda 2022:84 (NEWNAT/K, DESCR); Faccenda 2023c:141 (KEY)

Occurrences

SNo.	Scientific Name	Locality	Habitat	Basis of Record	Description	Recorded By	Record Number	Island	Source	Date
1	Setaria italica	Kohala, H.S. P. A. Experiment Station		Preserved_Specimen	Height 1/3 meter	Barnum, C.C.	58	Hawaii	BISH	1924-09-12
2	Setaria italica	Kohala, H.S. P. A. Experiment Station		Preserved_Specimen	Height 1/3 meter	Barnum, C.C.	89	Hawaii	BISH	1924-09-12
3	Setaria italica	U. S. Experiment Station		Preserved_Specimen		McClellan, C.K.		Oahu	BISH
4	Setaria italica	Kohala, H.S. P. A. Experiment Station		Preserved_Specimen	Height 1/3 meter	Barnum, C.C.	68	Hawaii	BISH	1924-09-12
5	Setaria italica	Kohala, H.S. P. A. Experiment Station		Preserved_Specimen	Height 1/3 meter	Barnum, C.C.	56	Hawaii	BISH	1924-09-12
6	Setaria italica	Kawaihau District Hwy 56 in Wailua between Halelio and Kapaa bypass roads. Ruderal vegetation with Chloris, Macroptilium, and Panicum		Preserved_Specimen	Clumping grass of three ft. with nodding heads. Only seen in this location.	Flynn, T.W.	6195	Kauai	BISH	1997-07-31

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