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Turnera ulmifolia

L. (1753)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Malpighiales Family: Passifloraceae Genus: Turnera

marilopez, sundrops, yellow alder

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Aromatic perennial herbs or shrubs 4–15 dm tall, densely strigose.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate, clustered toward the tips of the branches. Blades lanceolate to oblong–lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, 4–13 cm long, 2–3(–5) cm wide. Surfaces moderately to occasionally sparsely strigillose. Margins doubly serrate. Petioles 0.8–1.5 cm long. Stipules erect, triangular, ca. 1.5 mm long.

Flowers: Flowers solitary in the leaf axils. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Pedicels adnate to petioles, with 2 apical bracteoles. Calyx 5-lobed, ca. 20 mm long, the tube 5–8 mm long, the lobes lanceolate, apex caudate. Corolla of 5 petals, yellow, sometimes with a brown spot toward base, obovate, 20–35 mm long. Stamens 5, alternate with the petals; anthers dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary superior, ovoid, with 6 small apical tubercles.

Fruit: Capsules ovoid; 7–8 mm long. Seeds narrowly obovoid; slightly curved; ca. 2.5 mm long.

Ploidy: 2n = 30

Habitat: Dry disturbed areas.

Elevation Range: 30–190 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

  • Yes

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Other Animals

Pollinators

Notes

  • 30-190 m
  • Description digitized by Rafael Domingo
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
  • also known as yellow alder
  • hillerbrand 1888

Bibliography

Name Published In: Sp. Pl.: 271 (1753)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1295 (K, Mo); Oppenheimer 2004:18 (EM, WM, H); Staples & Herbst 2005:550 (DESCR); Frohlich & Lau 2007:11 (O)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Turnera ulmifolia L. koloa dist., kalahea, along papalina rd on e side of kukuiolono park (golf course) PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. h. lorence, t. w. flynn, w. l. wagner, d. r. herbst & c. imada 5950 Kauai US 4/11/1988
2 Turnera ulmifolia L. kalaupapa trail. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. st. john 25247 Molokai US 12/25/1957
3 Turnera ulmifolia L. kalaupapa penisula PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. shishido, g. collector number: 1961 Oahu US 2/14/1984
4 Turnera ulmifolia L. lihue district, mahaulepu, in pasture lands behind haula. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. w. flynn & r. culbertson 7106 Hawaii US 10/8/2002
5 Turnera ulmifolia L. kalaupapa peninsula, n coast of malakai, around old leper settlement. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 66013 Molokai US 1/19/1991
6 Turnera ulmifolia L. papalina rd. above waha rd. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kauai US 2/9/2005
7 Turnera ulmifolia L. keonelele sand dunes, molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN n. pekelo mr.21 Molokai US 1/21/1973
8 Turnera ulmifolia L. honolulu, lyon arboretum, cultivated in middle lawn makai, oahu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. s. ishikawa 234 Oahu US 2/21/1973
9 Turnera ulmifolia L. Lihue District, Mahaulepu, in pasture lands behind Haula. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN T. W. Flynn & R. Culbertson 7106 Kauai US 10/8/2002
10 Turnera ulmifolia L. kalaupapa, molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener, i. degener & w. fleming 25162 Molokai US 4/3/1959
11 Turnera ulmifolia L. Waimea Arboretum full sun PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 2700 Oahu BISH 8/4/1986
12 Turnera ulmifolia L. Moomomi; wadi in the proposed sand mining tract (parcel 8), in understory of tall statured Prosopis PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Imada, C.T. wt 2966 Molokai BISH 10/30/1986
13 Turnera ulmifolia L. lyon arboretum, middle lawn makai, mauka side of greenhouse Sandy-loamy soil in highly vegetated area, with Eragrostis variabilis, Portulaca lutea, Boerhavia repens, Tribulus cistoides. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN ishikawa, s. collector number: 234 Laysan BISH 2/21/1973
14 Turnera ulmifolia L. W Maui, Lahaina District, Mahinahina Growing in weedy, disturbed site. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H80301 Maui BISH 8/1/2003
15 Turnera ulmifolia L. Honolulu, Niu area, Oka Nursery & Landscaping, 445 Halaki St PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 1949 Oahu BISH 2/3/1986
16 Turnera ulmifolia L. kalaheo. naturalized along papalina rd. and adjoining kukuiolono park PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. collector number: 642 Kauai BISH 11/7/1983
17 Turnera ulmifolia L. wailau valley On steep, dry, scrub-covered, N. facing slope; associated with Dodonaea, Styphelia. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN pearsall, g.a. Molokai BISH 12/27/1953
18 Turnera ulmifolia L. Lyon Arboretum, Middle Lawn Makai, mauka side of greenhouse PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ishikawa, S. 234 Oahu BISH 2/21/1973
19 Turnera ulmifolia L. garden of Geoffrey Michels, Wailaau Rd., Koloa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hume, L. 454 Kauai BISH 1/27/1990
20 Turnera ulmifolia L. East Maui, Makawao District, Hamakuapoko, Kuau Growing in sidewalk crack at base of rock wall. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H110110 Maui BISH 11/12/2001
21 Turnera ulmifolia L. between ilio point and main road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN corn, c. collector number: s.n. Molokai BISH 5/17/1982
22 Turnera ulmifolia L. kenele sand dunes under kiawe trees PRESERVED_SPECIMEN pekelo jr., n. collector number: mr21 Molokai BISH 1/21/1973
23 Turnera ulmifolia L. S Hilo District, Hilo Growing in gravelly roadside at edge of secondary, alien forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H80107 Hawaii BISH 8/2/2001
24 Turnera ulmifolia L. Between Ilio Point and main road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Corn, C. Collector Number: s.n. Molokai BISH 5/17/1982
25 Turnera ulmifolia L. sand dunes 1 mile S. of Kaa, W arid pasture w/Lantana PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Nagata, K.M. 1761 Molokai BISH 8/8/1978
26 Turnera ulmifolia L. koloa district: kalaheo, along papalina road on e side of kukuiolono park (golf course) Secondary vegetation with Casuarina along roadside. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lorence, d.h. flynn, t.; wagner, w.l.; herbst, d.; imada, c. collector number: 5950 Kauai BISH 4/11/1988
27 Turnera ulmifolia L. honolulu, niu area, oka nursery & landscaping, 445 halaki st PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. cory, c. collector number: 1949 Oahu BISH 2/3/1986
28 Turnera ulmifolia L. garden of geoffrey michels, wailaau rd., koloa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hume, l. collector number: 454 Kauai BISH 1/27/1990
29 Turnera ulmifolia L. W Maui, Lahaina District, Lahaina, Front St Growing out of cracks in rock wall not far from cultivated plants. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H50111 Maui BISH 5/13/2001
30 Turnera ulmifolia L. sand dunes 1 mile s. of kaa, w arid pasture w/Lantana PRESERVED_SPECIMEN nagata, k.m. kimura, b. collector number: 1761 Molokai BISH 8/8/1978
31 Turnera ulmifolia L. East Maui, Makawao District, Hamakuapoko, Kuau Growing in sidewalk crack at base of rock wall. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H110110 Maui BISH 11/12/2001
32 Turnera ulmifolia L. w maui, lahaina district, lahaina, wainee st Growing out of cracks in rock wall not far from cultivated plants. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h50112 Maui BISH 5/13/2001
33 Turnera ulmifolia L. W Maui, Lahaina District, Mahinahina Growing in weedy, disturbed site. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Hansen, G. Collector Number: H80301 Maui BISH 8/1/2003
34 Turnera ulmifolia L. kalaupapa trail by trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: 25247 Molokai BISH 12/25/1957
35 Turnera ulmifolia L. 1525 Bernice Street Growing out of middle of rock wall near entrance to Bishop Museum. Dry, urban habitat. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN OED s.n. Oahu BISH 11/7/2006
36 Turnera ulmifolia L. east maui, makawao district, hamakuapoko, kuau Growing in sidewalk crack at base of rock wall. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h110110 Maui BISH 11/12/2001
37 Turnera ulmifolia L. W Maui, Lahaina District, Hanakaoo On side of highway. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H60133 Maui BISH 6/17/2001
38 Turnera ulmifolia L. W Maui, Lahaina District, Hanakaoo On side of highway. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H60133 Maui BISH 6/17/2001
39 Turnera ulmifolia L. Hanapepe, Kapahili gulch N facing hill; mixed lowland shrubland; Erythrina sandwicensis, Lipochaeta connata, Santalum ellipticum, Heteropogon contortus, Panicum torridum, Sicyos herbstii, Doryopteris decora, Peperomia leptostachya PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 11103 Kauai BISH 1/22/2005
40 Turnera ulmifolia L. kalaupapa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN gantt, p.a. Maui BISH 7/1/1941
41 Turnera ulmifolia L. S Hilo District, Hilo Growing in gravelly roadside at edge of secondary, alien forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H80107 Hawaii BISH 8/2/2001
42 Turnera ulmifolia L. 1525 bernice street Growing out of middle of rock wall near entrance to Bishop Museum. Dry, urban habitat. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oed frohlich, d.; lau, a. Oahu BISH 11/7/2006
43 Turnera ulmifolia L. 0.1 mile from Kokee State Park H.Q. 1170mm. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN T. W. Flynn & R. Culbertson 7106 Kauai HAPI 10/8/2002
44 Turnera ulmifolia L. W Maui, Lahaina District, Lahaina, Front St Growing out of cracks in rock wall not far from cultivated plants. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H50111 Maui BISH 5/13/2001
45 Turnera ulmifolia L. Keonelele sand dunes under kiawe trees PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Pekelo Jr., N. MR21 Molokai BISH 1/21/1973
46 Turnera ulmifolia L. huelo islet, 150 m offshore, 2-3 kilometers e of kalaupapa Ohia dieback and Dicranopteris understory with mixed shrubs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, f. duvall & s. montgomery 8030 Kauai BISH 11/8/1999
47 Turnera ulmifolia L. W Maui, Lahaina District, Lahaina, Wainee St Growing out of cracks in rock wall not far from cultivated plants. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H50112 Maui BISH 5/13/2001
48 Turnera ulmifolia L. w maui, lahaina district, hanakaoo On side of highway. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h60133 Maui BISH 6/17/2001
49 Turnera ulmifolia L. Kalaupapa; airport, oceanview pavilion PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wysong, M.L. 424 Molokai BISH 11/11/2004
50 Turnera ulmifolia L. Wailau Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Pearsall, G.A. s.n. Molokai BISH 12/27/1953
51 Turnera ulmifolia L. Kalaupapa Trail by trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 25247 Molokai BISH 12/25/1957
52 Turnera ulmifolia L. w maui, lahaina district, mahinahina Growing in weedy, disturbed site. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. hansen, g. collector number: h80301 Maui BISH 8/1/2003
53 Turnera ulmifolia L. kalaupapa pali trail Epiphytic on rocks. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hemphill, d.v. collector number: 62 Kauai BISH 2/11/1951
54 Turnera ulmifolia L. Kalaupapa Penisula PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 1961 Molokai BISH 2/14/1984
55 Turnera ulmifolia L. hanapepe, kapahili gulch N facing hill; mixed lowland shrubland; Erythrina sandwicensis, Lipochaeta connata, Santalum ellipticum, Heteropogon contortus, Panicum torridum, Sicyos herbstii, Doryopteris decora, Peperomia leptostachya PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wood, k.r. demotta, m. collector number: 11103 Kauai BISH 1/22/2005
56 Turnera ulmifolia L. kalaupapa; airport, oceanview pavillion PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wysong, m.l. collector number: 424 Molokai BISH 11/11/2004
57 Turnera ulmifolia L. w maui, lahaina district, lahaina, front st Growing out of cracks in rock wall not far from cultivated plants. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h50111 Maui BISH 5/13/2001
58 Turnera ulmifolia L. Koloa District: Kalaheo, along Papalina Road on E side of Kukuiolono Park (golf course) Secondary vegetation with Casuarina along roadside. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D.H. 5950 Kauai BISH 4/11/1988
59 Turnera ulmifolia L. waimea arboretum full sun PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. collector number: 2700 Oahu BISH 8/4/1986
60 Turnera ulmifolia L. moomomi; wadi in the proposed sand mining tract (parcel 8), in understory of tall statured Prosopis PRESERVED_SPECIMEN imada, c.t. takeuchi, w. collector number: wt 2966 Molokai BISH 10/30/1986
61 Turnera ulmifolia L. Kalaupapa Pali Trail dense shrubbery PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hemphill, D.V. 62 Molokai BISH 2/11/1951
62 Turnera ulmifolia L. Kalaheo. Naturalized along Papalina Rd. and adjoining Kukuiolono Park PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 642 Kauai BISH 11/7/1983
63 Turnera ulmifolia L. s hilo district, hilo Growing in gravelly roadside at edge of secondary, alien forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h80107 Hawaii BISH 8/2/2001
64 Turnera ulmifolia L. mo`omomi PRESERVED_SPECIMEN g. hughes 29 NY 8/20/1992
65 Turnera ulmifolia L. Kalaupapa dry rocky pasture PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Gantt, P.A. s.n. Molokai BISH 7/1/1941
66 Turnera ulmifolia L. W Maui, Lahaina District, Lahaina, Wainee St Growing out of cracks in rock wall not far from cultivated plants. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H50112 Maui BISH 5/13/2001
67 Turnera ulmifolia L. KAUAI: Koloa District, Koloa. Wailaau Road. Cultivated in garden of Geoffrey Michels. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lynwood Hume 454 Kauai PTBG 1/27/1990
68 Turnera ulmifolia L. KAUAI: Lihue District, Mahaulepu, in pasture lands behind Haula. Secondary vegetation with Acacia farnesiana, Lantana, Chamaechrista, Digitaria, and Stachytarpheta. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 7106 Kauai PTBG 10/8/2002
69 Turnera ulmifolia L. MAUI: W. Maui, Lahaina District, Lahaina, Front St., near sea level. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H50111 Maui PTBG 5/13/2001
70 Turnera ulmifolia L. MAUI: E. Maui, Makawao District, Hamakuapoko, Kuau. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H110110 Maui PTBG 11/12/2001
71 Turnera ulmifolia L. Kalaupapa Peninsula, north coast of Molokai, around old leper settlement. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN F. R. Fosberg 66013 Molokai PTBG 1/19/1991
72 Turnera ulmifolia L. KAUAI: Hanapepe; Kapahili gulch; north facing hill below K. R.Wood cliffside property; Dodonaea mixed lowland shrubland with Erythrina sandwicensis, Lipochaeta connata, Santalum ellipticum, Heteropogon contortus, Panicum torridum, Panicum cf pellitum, Sicyos herbstii, Doryopteris decora, Peperomia leptostachya PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 11103 Kauai PTBG 1/22/2005
73 Turnera ulmifolia L. MAUI: W. Maui, Lahaina District, Lahaina, Waine'e St. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H50112 Maui PTBG 5/13/2001
74 Turnera ulmifolia L. MAUI: W. Maui, Lahaina District, Hanakao'o. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H60133 Maui PTBG 6/17/2001
75 Turnera ulmifolia L. KAUAI: Koloa District, Kalaheo, along Papalina Road on east side of Kukuiolono Park (golf course); secondary vegetation with Casuarina along roadside. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 5950 Kauai PTBG 4/11/1988
76 Turnera ulmifolia L. Huelo Islet, 150 m offshore, 2-3 kilometers east of Kalaupapa; Pritchardia coastal mesic forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 8030 Huelo Islet PTBG 11/9/1999
77 Turnera ulmifolia L. Kalaheo. Naturalized along Papalina Road and adjoining Kukuiolono Park. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 642 Kauai PTBG 11/7/1983
78 Turnera ulmifolia L. W. Maui, Mahinahina. In weedy, disturbed area. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H80301 Maui PTBG 1/8/2003
79 Turnera ulmifolia L. Hilo. Gravelly roadside at edge of secondary, alien forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H80107 Hawaii PTBG 8/2/2001
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