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Thunbergia alata

Bojer ex Sims (1825)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Lamiales Family: Acanthaceae Genus: Thunbergia

black-eyed susan vine

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Vines.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite and decussate (pairs of leaves alternating 90 degrees between nodes). Blades deltate to deltate-hastate, 4.5-7.5 cm long, 1.8-3.5 cm wide. Upper surfaces sparsely strigose; lower surfaces hirsute. Margins undulate. Petioles winged, 2–6.5 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers solitary on long peduncles. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Each subtended by 2 ovate or deltate bracts 15–20 mm long. Calyx lobes ca. 12. Corolla 5-lobed, showy, orange or yellow with a dark purple throat, 1.5–2 cm long. Stamens 4, in pairs, inserted on the corolla alternate with the lobes, sometimes 1 or more reduced to staminodes; anthers dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary superior, 2-carpellate; ovule placentation axile; style filiform, simple.

Fruit: Capsules with two cells; usually dehiscing explosively; subglobose; with a conspicuous sterile beak 1–2 cm long. Seeds not on a modified funiculus that ejects the seeds from the capsule.

Ploidy: 2n = 18; 32

Habitat: Naturalized in tropical regions.

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Potentially Naturalizing
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Vegetative Reproduction

Pollinators

Notes

  • Description digitized by Pumehana Imada
  • In Hawai‘i cultivated.

Bibliography

Name Published In: Bot. Mag. 52: t. 2591 (1825)

Other References

Wagner, W. L., Herbst, D. R., & Sohmer, S. H. (1999). Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i, Vols. 1 and 2 (No. Edn 2). University of Hawai'i and Bishop Museum Press.

Wagner et al. 1990:175 (K, Mo, EM, H); Oppenheimer 2003:4 (WM); Staples & Herbst 2005:81, 93 (KEY), 93 (DESCR); Starr et al. 2010:61 (L)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims mapulehu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. baker, r.j.; coulter, j.w.; fosberg, f.r.; yuncker, t.g. collector number: 12655 Oahu BISH 12/27/1932
2 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims east maui, kula, cross road near driveway of resident Growing on a wet bank in the shade. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN starr, f. martz, k. collector number: 980403-114 Maui BISH 4/3/1998
3 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims East Maui, Olinda, bulch E of Piiholo Road Single plant growing wild in gulch bottom. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 2551 Maui BISH 3/26/1986
4 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims Mapulehu On roadside. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 12655 Molokai BISH 12/27/1932
5 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims Honolulu Cultivated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Mann, H. Brigham, W.T. Collector Number: s.n. Oahu BISH
6 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims lower slope pacific hts PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 1028o Oahu BISH 1/16/1909
7 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims w maui, lahaina district, napili, near bay golf course In unnamed gulch w. Thunbergia fragrans, Coccinia grandis, Ipomoea ochracea, Passiflora edulis. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h120002 Maui BISH 12/4/2000
8 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims Lihue District. Hwy 50 just W of Puhi Park In pasture along road. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 2641 Kauai BISH 12/10/1987
9 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims Napili. Unnamed gulch near Bay Golf Course. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H120002 Maui PTBG 12/4/2000
10 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims East Maui, Kula, Cross Road near driveway of resident Cultivated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. Martz, K. Collector Number: 980403-114 Maui BISH 4/3/1998
11 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims hill behind dillingham paradise trail to top. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. thorne, h. black, g. ogborn 7887 MU 8/1/1990
12 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims lawai, lauoho road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. collector number: 1045 Maui BISH 3/30/1985
13 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims Mott-Smith Drive, Upper Makiki, Honolulu. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN W. M. Bush 6 Oahu PTBG 4/29/1974
14 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims Lawai, Lauoho Road. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 1045 Kauai PTBG 3/30/1985
15 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims waimea arboretum PRESERVED_SPECIMEN j. lau & c. cory 2475 Oahu US 6/2/1986
16 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims Honolulu, Makiki PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F. R. 27076 Oahu US 9/22/1946
17 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims Hwy 50 just West of Puhi Park. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 2641 Kauai PTBG 12/10/1987
18 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims Waimea Arboretum PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J.; Cory, C. 2475 Kauai US 6/2/1986
19 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims Lihue District, Highway 50 just W of Puhi Park PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. W.; Lorence, D. H.; Wood, K. 2641 Kauai US 12/10/1987
20 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims east maui, olinda, bulch e of piiholo road Single plant growing wild in gulch bottom. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 2551 Maui BISH 3/26/1986
21 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims lihue district, highway 50 just w of puhi park PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. w. flynn, d. h. lorence & k. wood 2641 Kauai US 12/10/1987
22 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims honolulu, makiki PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 27076 Oahu US 9/22/1946
23 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims waimea arboretum & botanical garden Climbing on shrubs in full sun. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. cory, c. collector number: 2475 Oahu BISH 6/2/1986
24 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims Honolulu Cultivated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Mann, H. s.n. Oahu BISH 2/6/1905
25 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims East Maui, Kula, Cross Road near driveway of resident Cultivated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. 980403-114 Maui BISH 4/3/1998
26 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims honolulu, makiki dry forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 27076 Hawaii BISH 9/22/1946
27 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims Lawai, Lauoho Road In Leucaena along roadside. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 1045 Kauai BISH 3/30/1985
28 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims W Maui, Lahaina District, Napili, near Bay Golf Course In unnamed gulch w. Thunbergia fragrans, Coccinia grandis, Ipomoea ochracea, Passiflora edulis. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H120002 Maui BISH 12/4/2000
29 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims Waimea Arboretum & Botanical Garden Climbing on shrubs in full sun. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 2475 Oahu BISH 6/2/1986
30 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims Honolulu, Makiki Spontaneous around edges of garden. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 27076 Oahu BISH 9/22/1946
31 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims honolulu Cultivated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN mann, h. brigham, w.t. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH
32 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims Lanai City, Queens St In abandoned scrub area on mauka side of rd. Growing with Olea uropaea subsp cuspidata, Eugenia uniflora, and Tithonia diversifolia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. 070403-02 Lanai BISH 4/3/2007
33 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims Lower slope Pacific Hts PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 1028O Oahu BISH 1/16/1909
34 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims W Maui, Lahaina District, Napili, near Bay Golf Course In unnamed gulch w. Thunbergia fragrans, Coccinia grandis, Ipomoea ochracea, Passiflora edulis. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H120002 Maui BISH 12/4/2000
35 Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims lihue district. hwy 50 just w of puhi park PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. lorence, d.; wood, k. collector number: 2641 Maui BISH 12/10/1987
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