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Rubus macraei

A.Gray (1854)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Rosales Family: Rosaceae Genus: Rubus

‘ākala [akala], ‘ākalakala [akalakala], kala

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs with shedding bark.

Stems: Stems prostrate or decumbent, sometimes rooting at the nodes, sparsely covered with slender prickles up to 3 mm long and densely tomentose, also with glandular hairs on younger parts. Primocanes and floricanes present and similar, somewhat thick, coriaceous when dry.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves compound (palmate). Alternate. Blades very broadly ovate to suborbicular or rhombic–suborbicular, 5.1–8.5(–11) cm long, 3–6(–9) cm wide. leaflets 3, the terminal one largest, the lateral ones slightly asymmetrical. Upper surfaces uniformly sparsely pilose, occasionally the hairs more concentrated on or between the impressed veins; lower surfaces usually densely velvety tomentose, rarely only along the raised veins. Margins irregularly and usually coarsely serrate and usually somewhat lobed. Petiolate; petiolules 0.4–3 cm long, petiolules and petioles moderately to densely tomentose, sometimes with scattered small prickles, petioles 1.5–3.5(–7) cm long. Stipules narrowly oblong to linear–lanceolate, 0.8–1.5 cm long.

Flowers: Flowers 1–8 in corymbose inflorescences. Flowers bisexual (perfect); pedicels 8–55 mm long, densely tomentose and also usually covered with slender prickles. Calyx of 5 persistent sepals; Sepals ovate, 10–16 mm long, both surfaces densely tomentose, apex acuminate to caudate. Corolla of 5 petals, petals dark pink to dusky rose, obovate, 13–16 mm long. Stamens numerous. Ovary superior, carpels usually numerous, inserted on the raised receptacle, 1-celled; ovules 2 per cell; style filiform, subterminal, persistent.

Fruit: Fruit dark red to dark purple; juicy; ovoid; 2.54 cm long; densely pubescent. Seeds 1 per drupelet.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Uncommon to rare on steep rocky slopes and open rocky areas in wet forest and margins of bogs; sometimes in sheltered thickets of other plants in pastures or subalpine shrubland.

Elevation Range: 1,610–2,080 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Maui Endemic
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: U.S. Expl. Exped., Phan. 1: 505 (1854)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1109 (EM, H)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Rubus macraei East Maui, Hana District, Hana Forest Reserve At margin of an open bog. Trailing Vaccinium & Metrosideros. Preserved_Specimen Trailing. Harrison, B. 323 Maui BISH 1973-07-10
2 Rubus macraei Between Ohia and Koa Mills opposite road leading to Hoopuloa On rocky bank in rain forest. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 8167 Hawaii BISH 1930-03-29
3 Rubus macraei Koolau Gap of Haleakala Crater Creeping on fog-swept eroded aa slope. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2258 Maui BISH 1927-08-10
4 Rubus macraei East Maui, Haleakala, Kipahulu-Kuhiwa divide, Wai Anapanapa Occasional in thickets on divide, with the erect Rubus hawaiensis. Preserved_Specimen Tree 7.5 m, diameter of trunk at base 20 cm, bark gray, Trailing or low arching, rooting at tips, canes brown prickly, longitudinally fissured, leaves shining green above, bluish white pilose, leaflets subcoriaceous, above dark green, impressed rugose, below white pilose canescent, drupelets white pilose, cherry red. St.John, H. 20978 Maui BISH 1945-08-13
5 Rubus macraei S Hilo District. Upper Waiakea Forest Reserve. PowerLine Road, Pole 27, ca 2 mi S of the junction with Saddle Road. Kipuka just E of the road Assoc. with Vaccinium, Styphelia, Dryopteris, Metrosideros, Coprosma, Carex, Sadleria, etc. Preserved_Specimen Trailing perennial on forest floor; flws. rose-pink. Gustafson, R. 2386 Hawaii BISH 1981-07-21
6 Rubus macraei Humuula. Forest around Puu Kipu, Kulani Growing in edge of Metrosideros forest with Styphelia, Vaccinium, sedges and ferns. Preserved_Specimen Trailing shrub. Flowers bright pink, fruit immature greenish red. Jacobson, J.D. 1001 Hawaii BISH 1984-09-02
7 Rubus macraei Kau Forest Reserve, Kau District Epiphitic on moss covered fallen log in closed canopy `Ohi`a - Koa forest. Preserved_Specimen Decumbent vine. 4 feet long. Sterile. Anderson, S.J. 464 Hawaii BISH 1982-01-20
8 Rubus macraei East Maui, Hana District, Hana Forest Reserve, N of Kipahulu-Waihoi divide Bog. Preserved_Specimen Low arching or prostrate, fruit cherry red, and edible, rather pleasant. St.John, H. 21105 Maui BISH 1945-08-22
9 Rubus macraei East Maui, Haleakala Crater, Koolau Gap, 2 mi N of Holua Cave Thicket at edge of woods. Preserved_Specimen Trailing vine. St.John, H. 21297 Maui BISH 1945-09-04
10 Rubus macraei Paliku, Haleakala Steep shrubby slope. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 12512 Maui BISH 1939-08-20
11 Rubus macraei Near hill NE of Olinda Sheltered open thicket in cattle range. Preserved_Specimen More trailing thatn R. haw.; hairs differ, venation differs and not as prominent and old stamens are not prominent as in R. haw.; petals of same pink color. Degener, O. 8161 Maui BISH 1927-07-27
12 Rubus macraei East Maui, Hana District, Hana Forest Reserve, N of Kipahulu-Waihoi divide Bog. Preserved_Specimen Low arching or prostrate, fruit cherry red, and edible, rather pleasant. St.John, H. 21105 Maui BISH 1945-08-22
13 Rubus macraei Kapapala Forest Reserve Growing in Styphelia thicket in open spot of Metrosideros-Acacia forest, occasional Dodonaea & Myoporum. Ground cover includes Deschampia, Coprosma ernodeoides; few patches Fragaria chiloensis var. sandwicensis in vicinity. Preserved_Specimen Woody, semi-prostrate stems 10' long; pubescent & thorny, gland-tipped hairs present. No flowers or fruit seen, just calyces. Davis, J. 933 Hawaii BISH 1983-01-13
14 Rubus macraei Koolau Gap of Haleakala Crater Creeping on fog-swept eroded `a`a lava slope. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2258 Maui BISH 1927-08-17
15 Rubus macraei Near hill NE of Olinda Sheltered open thicket in cattle range. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 8161 Maui BISH 1927-07-27
16 Rubus macraei Keauhou Ranch (Cr-l) Kau District In kipuka of tall Metrosideros bisected by jeep trail. Log jam beside jeep trail. Substrate `a`a. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate trailing shrub. No flowers or fruit. ESP Field Crew 113 Hawaii BISH 1979-09-17
17 Rubus macraei Koolau Gap, Haleakala Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8654 Maui BISH 1910-10-01
18 Rubus macraei Puuouli, S slope of Haleakala Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2152 Maui BISH 1920-04-05
19 Rubus macraei 21 mi W of Hilo on Saddle Road Preserved_Specimen Low shrub; furits red. Miller, J.S. 7919 Hawaii BISH 1992-08-05
20 Rubus macraei Kipuka Ahiu Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 896 Hawaii BISH 1915-06-21
21 Rubus macraei East Maui, Ainahou, Koolau Gap Preserved_Specimen Notable for its uniformly prostrate habit, stems root periodically, leaves dark green, broadly oval hirsute. Never seen with flowers or fruit. Hobdy, R.W. 772 Maui BISH 1980-02-16
22 Rubus macraei East Maui, Haleakala Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. 425 Maui BISH 1864-01-01
23 Rubus macraei E of Ukulele Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 639 Maui BISH 1919-07-17
24 Rubus macraei Waianapanapa, Haleakala Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1176 Maui BISH 1919-08-20
25 Rubus macraei Slopes of Hualalai above Honokane (?) Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 179 Hawaii BISH 1911-06-16
26 Rubus macraei Palakea (?) Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 968 Hawaii BISH 1915-06-27
27 Rubus macraei Haleakala Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Maui BISH 1919-07-17
28 Rubus macraei Preserved_Specimen Rémy, J. 649 BISH 1851-01-01
29 Rubus macraei Haleakala Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Maui BISH
30 Rubus macraei East Maui, upper Hanawi Natural Area Reserve. Subalpine shrubland. Preserved_Specimen Plants decumbent and ascendant among pukiawe and ohelo. Flowers, when present, are pale pink or white with a pinkish cast. Hobdy, R.W. 3282 Maui BISH 1991-02-08
31 Rubus macraei USA, Hawaiian Islands, Maui, east Maui, Hana District, Kahikinui, upper Kamole drainage basin, NNW of Pu'u Pane, SE of Kahua On steep gulch wall in shady area. Vegetation: Metrosideros/Acacia Montane Mesic Forest. Preserved_Specimen Single vining plant. Oppenheimer, H.L. 111404 Maui BISH 2014-11-24
32 Rubus macraei Koolau Gap of Haleakala Crater Creeping on fog-swept eroded `a`a lava slope. Preserved_Specimen Creeping. Degener, O. 2258 Maui BISH 1927-08-10
33 Rubus macraei East Maui, N of Kuiki just outside of Haleakala Section of Park boundary Foggy region. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 12511 Maui BISH 1939-08-09
34 Rubus macraei East Maui, Hana District, Haleakala Crater, Pass N of Kuiki Rare in thicket. Preserved_Specimen Nearly prostrate. St.John, H. 21114 Maui BISH 1945-08-25
35 Rubus macraei Between Ohia and Koa Mills opposite road leading to Hoopuloa On rocky bank in rain-forest. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 8166 Hawaii BISH 1930-03-30
36 Rubus macraei NW side of Koolau Gap below cliffs, Haleakala Rainy `a`a lava. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 12535 Maui BISH 1939-08-20
37 Rubus macraei East Maui, Hana District, Hana Forest Reserve, above N rim of Kipahulu At margin of a bog. Trailing over Vaccinium, with Plantago sp. & greensword. Preserved_Specimen Trailing. Harrison, B. 481 Maui BISH 1973-09-23
38 Rubus macraei Kapapala Forest Reserve Growing in Styphelia thicket in open spot of Metrosideros - Acacia forest, occasional Dodonaea and Myoporum: ground cover includes Deschampsia, Coprosma ernodeoides and few patches of Fragaria chiloensis var. snadwicensis in vicinty. Preserved_Specimen Woody, semi-prostrate stems 10' lang: pubescent and thorny, gland-tipped hairs present. No flowers or fruit seen, just calyces. Davis, J. 933 Hawaii BISH 1983-01-13
39 Rubus macraei S Hilo DISTR. Waiakea AHU. Tr 26(3); W of Puu Oo Volcano Trail in kipuka betwn 1881 & 1852 flows Mesic ohia forest with other native trees and a native shrub, matted-fern understory. Growing on pahoehoe substrate. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate. Few fruit. red. Warshauer, F.R. 1599 Hawaii BISH 1977-12-09
40 Rubus macraei Near hill NE of Olinda Sheltered open thicket in cattle range. Preserved_Specimen Creeping and old stamens are not prominent as in R. haw.; petals of same pink color. Degener, O. 2260 Maui BISH 1927-06-15
41 Rubus macraei Keauhou Ranch (Cr-l) Kau District In kipuka of tall Metrosideros bisected by jeep trail. Log jam beside jeep trail. Substrate `a`a. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate trailing shrub. No flowers or fruit. ESP Field Crew 113 Hawaii BISH 1979-09-17
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