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Cyanea mceldowneyi

Rock (1957)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Asterales Family: Campanulaceae Genus: Cyanea

hāhā [haha]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs 2–3 m tall.

Stems: Stems unbranched, muricate to aculeate.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades dimorphic, juveniles broadly elliptic to obovate, blades 15–22 cm long, 5–9 cm wide; adults oblanceolate to narrowly oblong, blades 20–35 cm long, 5–9 cm wide. Apex acuminate (juveniles and adults). Base of juveniles rounded; base of adults cuneate. Juveniles: Upper surfaces green, aculeate; lower surfaces pale green, pubescent and aculeate; adults Upper surfaces green, glabrous or sparsely muricate; lower surfaces pale green, very sparsely pubescent. Margins callose–dentate (juveniles) or callose–denticulate (adults). Juveniles: petioles 2.5–4.5 cm long, aculeate; adults: petioles 3.5–6 cm long, smooth or muricate. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescences 5–7–flowered, axillary, peduncles 15–30 mm long, pedicels 10–14 mm long; hypanthium obconical, ca. 5 mm long, ca. 4 mm wide. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx lobes oblong, ca. 5 mm long, ca. 2.5 mm wide, apex emarginate and apiculate. Corolla zygomorphic, white with purple longitudinal stripes, ca. 40 mm long, ca. 8 mm wide, glabrous, the tube arcuate, dorsally cleft to about the middle, the lobes spreading, ca. ¼ as long as the tube, muricate. Stamens 5, alternate with corolla lobes, connate; staminal column glabrous; anthers glabrous, the lower 2 with apical tufts of white hairs, dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits, coherent but separating after anthesis or connate and forming a tube into which pollen is shed; filaments distinct or connate above, attached to the epigynous nectary disk or to base of corolla, rarely adnate to corolla tube. Ovary inferior, 2-celled; ovule placentation axile; stigma 2-lobed, wet or dry, appressed and nonreceptive as the style grows through the anther tube, pushing out the pollen, after which the stigmas spread apart and become receptive.

Fruit: Berries unknown. Seeds unknown.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Occurring in wet forest; windward slopes.

Elevation Range: 925–1,280 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Maui Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus. 22: 43 (1957)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:457 (EM); Lammers 2004:94 (KEY)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Plants have milky sap. Same as R. Hobdy #394 and #396. With fruits absent at time of last collection; bright orange with greenish yellow calcine lobes; berry 1.0-1.6 cm long; lobes 5-6 mm long; pedicels 1.0-1.2 cm long. Hobdy, R.W. 597 Maui BISH 1979-05-22
2 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Plant 8' tall; many dense flower clusters; flowers nearly white with faint purple streaks on sides. Hobdy, R.W. 394 Maui BISH 1978-11-15
3 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Plants have milky sap. Same as R. Hobdy #394 and #396. With fruits absent at time of last collection; bright orange with greenish yellow calcine lobes; berry 1.0-1.6 cm long; lobes 5-6 mm long; pedicels 1.0-1.2 cm long. Hobdy, R.W. 597 Maui BISH 1979-05-20
4 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8796 Maui BISH 1911-05-01
5 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet koa - ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen 1 old fruit; orange & green calyx lobes. Leaves from juvenile plant; petiole orange-grn 12mmx2mm. Warshauer, F.R. 2733 Maui BISH 1980-06-28
6 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8796 Maui BISH 1911-05-01
7 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Maui BISH
8 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hughes, G.D. 412 Maui BISH 1993-03-09
9 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Vegetation: Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Perrottetia, Clermontia, Pipturus, Touchardia, Psidium, Melicope, Diplazium, Chibotium, Sadleria, Cyrtandra, Hedychium, Clidemia, Rubus. Preserved_Specimen Rare, a single large clump observed, to 3 meters tall, likely the result of damage by feral pigs. Stems and leaves densely armed with prickles, these often purple. Latex white. Two mature fruit observed, bright orange, crowned by the persistent calyx lobes, collected for conservation purposes. Specimen consists of early inflorescence with bracts. Oppenheimer, H.L. 11812 Maui BISH 2018-01-25
10 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Vegetation: Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Acacia, Broussaisia, Clermontia, Dicranopteris, Diplopterygium, Scaevola, Perrottetia, Melicope, Pipturus, Touchardia, Nothocestrum, Christella, Alyxia, Sticherus, Cyrtandra, Cibotium, Sadleria, Athyrium, Diplazium, Vandenboschia, Mecodium, Elaphoglossum, Lepisorus, Adenophorus, Smilax, Astelia, Peperomia, Pneumatopteris, Asplenium. Preserved_Specimen Seven adults with several saplings and seedlings at 2 sites, mostly on east side of stream. Stems armed, latex white, immature fruit collected, to 2m+ tall. Oppenheimer, H.L. 120708 Maui BISH 2007-12-12
11 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details on back head wall near center of valley. Vegetation: Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Coprosma, Melicope, Myrsine, Ilex, Cibotium, Clermontia, Perrottetia, Scaevola, Sadleria, Broussaisia, Cyrtandra, Kadua, Pipturus, Touchardia, Psychotria, Leptecophylla, Labordia, Dryopteris, Machaerina, Deschampsia, Carex, Peperomia, Pilea, Adenophorus, Diplazium, Selaginella, Psidium, Tibouchina, Hedychium, Clidemia, Rubus, Ageratina, Spathodea, Axonopus, Prunella, Preserved_Specimen latex white, flowers white stiped with magenta. Juvenile plants and leaves more lobes and more prickly than adults. Oppenheimer, H.L. 121303 Maui BISH 2013-12-03
12 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details on steep slopes. Vegetation: Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Dicranopteris, Diplopterygium, Sticherus, Vaccinium, Coprosma, Broussaisia, Kadua, Leptecophylla, Touchardia, Pipturus, Labordia, Rubus, Cyrtandra, Schiedea, Sadleria, Cibotium, Diplazium, Dryopteris, Lycopodiella, Adenophorus, Peperomia. Preserved_Specimen latex white, flowers white with magenta stripes, sometimes dark and less often faint. Oppenheimer, H.L. 121306 Maui BISH 2013-12-04
13 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet koa - ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen 1 old fruit; orange & green calyx lobes. Leaves from juvenile plant; petiole orange-grn 12mmx2mm. Warshauer, F.R. 2733 Maui BISH 1980-06-28
14 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet ohia Forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen Leaves alternate; only 1 leaf collected. Higashino, P.K. 9167 Maui BISH 1980-06-14
15 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Rain forests Preserved_Specimen Stem when fresh solid, not hollow; pith dries out Rock, J.F.C. 25610 Maui BISH 1954-02-02
16 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet forest. Preserved_Specimen Unbranched rosette shrub, 2 m; stem muricate, especially below; sterile. Lammers, T.G. 5656 Maui BISH 1984-07-13
17 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Vegetation: Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Perrottetia, Clermontia, Pipturus, Touchardia, Psidium, Melicope, Diplazium, Chibotium, Sadleria, Cyrtandra, Hedychium, Clidemia, Rubus. Preserved_Specimen Rare, two plants obnserved in this location,. Stems and leaves densely armed with prickles, these often purple. Latex white. Mature fruit bright orange crowned by the persistent calyx lobes, collected for storage for conservation. Specimen consists of immature to fruit beginning to turn orange. Oppenheimer, H.L. 11811 Maui BISH 2018-01-25
18 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Scattered along streams. Associated vegetation: Metrosideros, Dicranopteris, Cheirodendron, Ilex, Perrottetia, Diplopterygium, Antidesma, Melicope, Freycinetia, Clermontia, Cyanea, Hedychium, Setaria, Tibouchina, Clidemia, Rubus, Sadleria, Cibotium. Preserved_Specimen Many branched shrubs, densely armed, latex white. Fruits previously undescribed, bright orange when ripe, with persistent calyx lobes. Oppenheimer, H.L. 30722 Maui BISH 2007-03-27
19 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details E side of stream below waterfall; Eucalyptus, Acacia, Metrosideros, Perrottetia, Urera, Clermontia, Setaria, Hedychium, Diplazium, Rubus, Cyrtandra, Clidemia, Nothocestrum Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 30807 Maui BISH 2008-03-13
20 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Native rainforest Preserved_Specimen 2 tall stalks (7ft). Many young shoots. 2 stalks dead and hollow. Thorns on stem stop 4 ft above ground, leaves have thorns which are dark purple on bottom Carter, I. 2 Maui BISH 2000-06-20
21 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details E side of stream below waterfall; Eucalyptus, Acacia, Metrosideros, Perrottetia, Urera, Clermontia, Setaria, Hedychium, Diplazium, Rubus, Cyrtandra, Clidemia, Nothocestrum Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 30807 Maui BISH 2008-03-13
22 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen 60 cm tall. Lvs & stems covered w/ many sharp spines. Warshauer, F.R. 2647 Maui BISH 1980-06-14
23 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details growing on ledges of steep stream walls and more commonly on talus, on west side of stream. Vegetation: Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Dicranopteris, Diplopterygium, Sticherus, Vaccinium, Coprosma, Broussaisia, Kadua, Polyscias, Melicope, Leptecophylla, Touchardia, Pipturus, Labordia, Rubus, Cyrtandra, Sadleria, Cibotium, Diplazium, Dryopteris, Lycopeodiella, Adenophorus, Peperomia, Hedychium, Tibouchina, Ageratina. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 121307 Maui BISH 2013-12-04
24 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet forest. Preserved_Specimen Unbranched shrub, 0.3 m; stem muricate, especially below, sterile. Lammers, T.G. 5657 Maui BISH 1984-07-13
25 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Rain forests Preserved_Specimen Stem when fresh solid, not hollow; pith dries out Rock, J.F.C. 25610 Maui BISH 1954-02-02
26 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Plants erect with one or two stems; 4'-5' tall'; flowers with five purple streaks on sides; stem with many sharp spines. Hobdy, R.W. 396 Maui BISH 1978-11-15
27 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Rain forests Preserved_Specimen Stem when fresh solid, not hollow; pith dries out Rock, J.F.C. 25610 Maui BISH 1954-02-02
28 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing along shady streambanks. Vegetation: Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Perrottetia, Coprosma, Melicope, Myrsine, Vaccinium, Dryopteris, Asplenium, Diplazium, Cibotium, Pipturus, Touchardia, Amauropelta, Rubus, Peperomia, Adenophorus, Pteris. Preserved_Specimen Unbranched, armed treelets to 2.5m tall, with white latex; flowers white with magenta stripes. Oppenheimer, H.L. 100719 Maui BISH 2007-10-23
29 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Stem when fresh solid, not hollow; pith dried out. Rock, J.F.C. 25610 Maui BISH 1954-02-02
30 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Vegetation: Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Perrottetia, Broussaisia, Cyrtandra, Clermontia, Cyanea, Ilex, Kadua, Coprosma, Melicope, Myrsine, Vaccinium, Dryopteris, Asplenium, Diplazium, Cibotium, Pipturus, Touchardia, Stenogyne, Amauropelta, Peperomia, Adenophorus, Pteris. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 100720 Maui BISH 2007-10-23
31 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Leaf from a young plant. Young plants with stems densely armed, old plants lose this and become smooth, flowers white with purple streaks extending from the calyx about 2/3 of the way to the tip. Same as Hobdy 394 & 395. Hobdy, R.W. 890 Maui BISH 1980-09-25
32 Cyanea mceldowneyi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Single erect stems densely armed, flowers in axillary dense racemes, white or with purple streaks, corolla with tips muricate. Hobdy, R.W. 1888 Maui BISH 1984-01-02
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