Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Gentianales Family: Gentianaceae Genus: Centaurium

bitter herb

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form:

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves:

Flowers:

Fruit:

Ploidy:

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Synonyms (54)

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kuaihelani (Midway Atoll) Naturalized
Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Kaho'olawe Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Specimens

Bibliography

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:725 (Mi, K, O, Mo, L, M, Ka, H)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea Kawaihae, near Supp. Sta. J; Open pasture with grasses and shrubs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 10306 Hawaii PTBG 7/19/1989
2 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea Saddle Road (Hwy 200), at mile marker 43. Along roadside with Helichrysum and Wahlenbergia. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 2289 Hawaii PTBG 8/7/1987
3 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea Upper Manoa Valley. East facing. Along stream Wet/Mesic shrubland. On mossy rocks. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Merlin Edmonds ME206 Kauai PTBG 4/17/2014
4 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea n of puu pane PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener, k. park, y. nitta & w. bush 9654 Oahu US 6/11/1932
5 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea Road from Kulani to Mauna Loa, at edge of 1942 lava flow. Open Metrosideros forest on old "aa" lava. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN F. R. Fosberg 42059 Hawaii PTBG 9/6/1961
6 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea Iliau Nature Loop Disturbed Acacia koa, Dodonaea, Leptecophylla shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Dustin Wolkis DMW1223a Kauai PTBG 7/5/2019
7 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea Kalalau; cliff walls near caves along beach. Mixed shrub coastal dry cliffs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 369 Kauai PTBG 6/9/1990
8 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea north kona district. ka`upulehu preserve at mile 28 along hawaii belt road (mamalahoa highway) 10 miles east of kailua-kona. Dry forest over a`a lava flow. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. h. lorence, t. w. flynn & r. cabin 7989 Hawaii US 5/15/1997
9 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea hualalai mountain, summit PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 15577 Hawaii US 9/2/1916
10 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea waianae range, honouliuli, puu kanehoa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN g. l. webster 1639 Oahu US 6/13/1948
11 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea schofield barracks, leilihua PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 13945 Oahu US 7/5/1916
12 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea waianae mountains, puu kanehoa and kaluaa gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. darwin 1050 Oahu US 6/22/1975
13 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea Makaha Valley, 3 miles down Makaha ridge road. In rocks along dry stream bed in full sun and on exposed rock areas on valley sides. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 1820 Kauai PTBG 7/15/1986
14 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea Ka`upulehu Preserve at mile 28 along Hawaii Belt Road (Mamalahoa Highway) 10 mi. east of Kailua-Kona. Dry forest over a`a lava flow. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 7989 Hawaii PTBG 5/15/1997
15 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea Aapueo. Kula 200 subdivision. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H60030 Maui PTBG 6/4/2000
16 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea Ca. 0.5 mile above junction of Waimea River and Kukui Trail. On mossy rock face above pool. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lynwood Hume 268 Kauai PTBG 7/26/1987
17 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea Waianae Mts., Puu Kanehoa and Kaluaa Gulch. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steven P. Darwin 1050 Oahu PTBG 6/22/1975
18 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea Puu Ka Pele Forest Reserve on W. side of Waimea Canyon, 11.3 miles N of Waimea, just E of Highway 550; Alt. 1050-900 m. Steep slopes and open grassy areas with remnants of dry mixed mesophytic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 5250 Kauai PTBG 5/21/1987
19 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea Napali Coast State Park, Nualolo Kai, on the West side of the valley, on talus NW facing slope. Coastal Cliff Mixed Shrubland on weathered lava wall above Dry Lantana and Pluchea dominant shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Natalia Tangalin 2111 Kauai PTBG 7/11/2009
20 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea kukaiau ranch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 14207 Hawaii US 8/19/1916
21 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea above deep pit crater at head of kaupulehu lava flow, n kona PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 41680 Hawaii US 3/22/1961
22 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea kukaiau ranch, n slopes of mauna kea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN p. rubtzoff 2608 Hawaii US 6/29/1956
23 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea e maui, floor of haleakala crater, from area 2 mi w of paliku cabins and from 1 mi e of holua cabin PRESERVED_SPECIMEN j. s. henrickson 3925 Maui US 7/20/1969
24 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea kui point, the central point above ha'upu bay, windward side of the island PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. l. wagner & d. h. lorence 5722 Molokai US 7/31/1987
25 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea dmc 2.2360/21.8985. n-facing slope of pu'u ke'eke'e. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN -. tierney & castillo 93.34 Hawaii US 7/3/1993
26 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea kula, near foot of haleakala road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 55677 Oahu US 3/14/1975
27 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea locality unknown PRESERVED_SPECIMEN j. g. smith s.n. Hawaii US
28 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea Kau District, Keauhou Ranch Lower part of ranch, just above kipuka Ki. Scattered among grasses in pasture, not plentiful. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. 371 Hawaii BISH 9/24/1980
29 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea North Kona District. Ka`upulehu Preserve at mile 28 along Hawaii Belt Road (Mamalahoa Highway) 10 miles east of Kailua-Kona. Dry forest over a`a lava flow. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN D. H. Lorence, T. W. Flynn & R. Cabin 7989 Hawaii US 5/15/1997
30 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea kaunala, waimea, koolau range PRESERVED_SPECIMEN r. slowan 507 Oahu US 2/9/1947
31 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea kau district, keauhou ranch Lower part of ranch, just above kipuka Ki. Scattered among grasses in pasture, not plentiful. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN davis, j. collector number: 371 Hawaii BISH 9/24/1980
32 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea Pohakuloa, N-facing slope of Puu Keekee cinder; Dodonaea viscosa, Eragrostis atropioides, Brassica nigra, Pennisetum setaceum PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tierney 93.34 Hawaii BISH 7/3/1993
33 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea hamakua dist.; pohakuloa training area, along saddle road In forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN funk, e.j. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 12/13/1990
34 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea Puuwaawaa, on transect T18 Remnant dryland forest. Understory herb on patches of bare `a`a. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Takeuchi, W.N. Collector Number: 5789 Hawaii BISH 5/1/1989
35 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea kawaihae, near dhhl survey supp. sta. j PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman & l. abbott 10306 Hawaii US 7/19/1989
36 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea makawao district, near kahului airport, toward kanaha beach park PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. l. wagner, c. imada & w. n. takeuchi 5785 Maui US 3/3/1988
37 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea kona district, land of keauhou above kahaluu forest reserve, growing near jeep road in open, flat pasture about 9.7 miles above lower forestry gate. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. r. herbst & g. spence 5422 Hawaii US 7/16/1975
38 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea Puuwaawaa, on transect T18 Remnant dryland forest. Understory herb on patches of bare `a`a. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Takeuchi, W.N. 5789 Hawaii BISH 5/1/1989
39 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea pohakuloa, n-facing slope of puu keekee cinder; Dodonaea viscosa, Eragrostis atropioides, Brassica nigra, Pennisetum setaceum PRESERVED_SPECIMEN tierney castillo collector number: 93.34 Hawaii BISH 7/3/1993
40 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea Kau District, Keauhou Ranch Lower part of ranch, just above kipuka Ki. Scattered among grasses in pasture, not plentiful. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. Collector Number: 371 Hawaii BISH 9/24/1980
41 Centaurium erythraea subsp. erythraea puuwaawaa, on transect t18 Lowland Koa Mesic Forest at 3300 ft on a Santalum freycinetianum var. lanaiensis on a n facing slope near a mesic shrubland with dwarfed Acacia koa, Metrosideros and Dicranopteris PRESERVED_SPECIMEN takeuchi, w.n. collector number: 5789 Maui BISH 5/1/1989