Cyrtandra munroi

C.N.Forbes (1920)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Lamiales Family: Gesneriaceae Genus: Cyrtandra

ha‘iwale [haiwale], kanawao ke‘oke‘o [kanawao keokeo]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs.

Stems: Stems rounded to angular, pubescent with multicellular hairs or glabrate.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite, probably borne on upper 5–7 nodes. Those leaves of a pair slightly unequal, symmetrical or nearly so, broadly elliptic, ovate, or suborbicular, 9.5–21 cm long, 5.5–9.5 cm wide. Apex long-acuminate. Base cuneate. Upper surfaces sparsely to moderately hirtellous; lower surfaces moderately velvety pilose, especially along veins, the hairs rust–colored, blades chartaceous. Margins coarsely serrate. Petioles 2.5–7.5 cm long, base sometimes clasping the stem or perfoliate. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers (1–)3 in open, lax, umbelliform cymes arising in the leaf axils, densely villous throughout, peduncles slender, 20–50 mm long, pedicels 14–20 mm long, elongating to 20–28 mm long in fruit, bracts foliaceous, distinct or occasionally connate, ovate, 9–12 mm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx 2–5(6)-lobed, nearly actinomorphic, green(?), 9–15 mm long, cleft ca. 1⁄2 its length, the lobes elliptic–ovate, both surfaces densely villous, apex acute to short–acuminate, deciduous or persistent in fruit. Corolla usually bilabiate, white, conspicuously exserted from calyx, tube cylindrical, the tube straight or curved, 15–20 mm long, sparsely to moderately pilose, upper lip 2-lobed, lower lip 3-lobed, the lobes imbricate in bud, upper lobes ca. 3 mm long, lower lobes ca. 5–6 mm long. Stamens 5, inserted about halfway up corolla tube, the 2 upper Stamens fertile, others staminodial, +/– with abortive anthers; fertile anthers coherent positioned in throat of corolla tube, dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits or occasionally by apical pores. Ovary superior, oblong–ovoid, 2-carpellate, 1-celled, placentation parietal, placentas 2, ± intruded, rarely joined in center and dividing ovary into 2 cells; ovules numerous, anatropous, sparsely to moderately puberulent, apex rounded or with a stylar beak; style 6–8 mm long, glabrous or with a few scattered hairs; stigma capitate, 2-lobed, lobes usually elliptic.

Fruit: Fruit a fleshy or firm berry; white; conical–ellipsoid; 1.8–2.3 cm long; puberulent; often tipped by the persistent stylar beak. Seeds numerous; ellipsoid; minute; 0.2–0.3 mm long; the surface reticulate.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Known only from scattered collections in wet forest.

Elevation Range: 910–920 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Lana'i Endemic
Maui Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus. 7: 36 (1920)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:770 (L); Herbst & Wagner 1999:21 (WM)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In shady understory along intermittent stream. Vegetation: Degraded Metrosideros/Dicranopteris forest, riparian zone, dominated by Psidium cattleianum. Preserved_Specimen Many branched shrubs to 2m tall in shady understory along intermittent stream. Six plants observed in this area. Oppenheimer, H.L. 51202 Lanai BISH 2012-05-02
2 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Rich moist talus slope, with Hedyotis acuminata and Clermontia sp. in shade of Aleurites trees Preserved_Specimen Single-stemmed shrub to 10 ft. tall. Flowers and fruit white. Hatheway, W.H. 457 Maui BISH 1950-11-28
3 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Occasional and scattered on north slope and along stream corridor. With C. grayi, C. hashimotoi, C. hawaiiensis, but no hybrids noted. Vegetation:Metrosideros, Dicranopteris, Sicyos, Coprosma, Myrsine, Ilex, Freycinetia, Diplopterygium, Antidesma, Alyxia, Cyrtandra, Dodonaea, Leptecopphylla, Wikstroemia, nephrolepis, Elaphoglossum, Kadua, Cheirodendron, Schiedea, Sadleria, Clrmontia, Cyanea, Pipturus, Boehmeria, Urera, Touchardia, Broussaisia, Cibotium Preserved_Specimen Sparingly branched shrubs to 1.75 m tall Oppenheimer, H.L. 100812 Maui BISH 2008-10-09
4 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Rich moist talus slope, with Hedyotis acuminata and Clermontai sp. in shade of Aleurites trees. Preserved_Specimen Single stemmed shrub to 10 ft. tall. Flowers and fruit white. Hatheway, W.H. 457 Maui BISH 1980-11-28
5 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Flowers and fruits. Perlman, S. 13872 Maui BISH 1993-11-15
6 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rare (less than 15 individuals in that small gulch); plants to 2 m.; white flowers Kiehn, M. 99091341 Maui BISH 1999-09-13
7 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 239 Lanai BISH 1913-06-01
8 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen DLNR Staff 4 Maui BISH 1997-08-13
9 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 239 Lanai BISH 1913-06-01
10 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen DLNR Staff 2 Maui BISH 1997-08-13
11 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 239 Lanai BISH 1913-06-01
12 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen DLNR Staff 3 Maui BISH 1997-08-13
13 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 417 Lanai BISH 1915-03-25
14 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Bishop, L.E. 47127 Maui BISH 1971-04-11
15 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 204 Maui BISH 1997-06-17
16 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen DLNR Staff 6 Maui BISH 1997-08-13
17 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen DLNR Staff 5 Maui BISH 1997-08-13
18 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Lanai BISH 1916-03-13
19 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 242 Lanai BISH 1915-03-25
20 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, Mrs.C.N. Lanai BISH 1916-03-13
21 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. Lanai BISH
22 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. Lanai BISH
23 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In dense shady understory. Vegetation: Metrosideros, Dodonaea, Ilex, Kadua, Psychotria, Myrsine, Gunnera, Clermontia, Smilax, Cyrtandra, Bidens, Cyanea, Sadleria, Cibotium, Diplazium, Athyrium, Peperomia. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 101813 Maui BISH 2018-10-18
24 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details portion of slope just below ridgeline, windward canopy), Psychotria mariniana, Boehmeria grandis, Strongylodon ruber, Cyrtandra grayi, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Elaphoglossum parvisquameum, Nephrolepis exaltata, Sadleria cyatheoides, Cibotium glaucum. On steep Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 204 Maui BISH 1997-06-17
25 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Near gulch bottom in shade, on steep, rocky slopes. Associated vegetation: Cheirodendron, Metrosideros, Ctenitis, Pseudophegopteris, Pipturus, Touchardia, Cyanea, Cyrtandra, Coprosma, Perrottetia, Selaginella, Dicranopteris, Sticherus, Athyrium. Preserved_Specimen Sparsely to many branched shrubs to 3m tall. Oppenheimer, H.L. 80643 Maui BISH 2006-08-29
26 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Aleurites, Metrosideros, Dicranopteris linearis, Hedyotis acuminata, Psidium cattleianum, Rubus argutus, Freycinetia, Pipturus, Psychotria mariniana, Clermontia kakeana, Xylosma hawaiiense, Alyxia, Charpentiera ovata, Hedyotis terminalis; first subgulch Preserved_Specimen 1-2 m; 3-10 stems Wood, K.R. 8982 Maui BISH 2001-05-29
27 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Along stream, growing on both sides on steep banks. Vegetation: Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Antidesma, Myrsine, Cyrtandra, Hedyotis, Freycinetia, Urera, Pipturus, Xylosma, Boehmeria, Sadleria, Tectaria, Diplazium, Psidium, Buddleia, Rubus, Tibouchina, Adiantum, Blechnum. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 20621 Maui BISH 2006-02-23
28 Cyrtandra munroi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing on a steep shady slope on S side of gulch, near bottom. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 129809 Maui BISH 1998-12-10