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Cyanea calycina

(Cham.) Lammers (1998)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Asterales Family: Campanulaceae Genus: Cyanea

hāhā [haha]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Unbranched shrubs.

Stems: Stems woody, 1–3 m long, muricate in juveniles, becoming merely scabrous or nearly smooth with age.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades elliptic or oblanceolate,15–60 cm long, 5.5–14 cm wide. Apex acute to acuminate. Upper surfaces glabrous, muricate in juveniles; lower surfaces densely pubescent with branched and clustered hairs. Margins callose–crenulate, coarsely callose–dentate in juveniles. Petioles 1–9 cm long, pubescent or muricate. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescences 4–16–flowered, axillary, peduncles 20–100 mm long, pedicels 5-30 mm long; hypanthium obovoid, obconical, or ellipsoid, 6-12 mm long, pubescent. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx lobes oblong to ovate, 4–10 mm long, pubescent, apex obtuse to truncate. Corolla zygomorphic, pale to dark magenta, rarely pale greenish, often with lighter or darker longitudinal stripes, 5–8 cm long, pubescent, tube suberect to strongly arcuate, dorsally cleft to about the middle, the lobes connate, spreading; staminal column glabrous or pubescent. Stamens 5, alternate with corolla lobes, connate; staminal column glabrous or pubescent; anthers pubescent, all 5 or only the lower 2 with apical tufts of white hairs, dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits, coherent but separating after anthesis or connate and forming a tube into which pollen is shed; filaments distinct or connate above, attached to the epigynous nectary disk or to base of corolla, rarely adnate to corolla tube. Ovary inferior, 2-celled; ovule placentation axile; stigma 2-lobed, wet or dry, appressed and nonreceptive as the style grows through the anther tube, pushing out the pollen, after which the stigmas spread apart and become receptive.

Fruit: Berries obovoid to obpyriform; 16–20 mm long. Seeds numerous; small; brown to black; smooth; shiny; 0.2–0.5(–2) mm long; with a straight; short to spatulate dicotyledonous embryo embedded in oily endosperm.

Ploidy: 2n = 28*

Habitat: Occurring in mesic valleys and wet forest.

Elevation Range: 300–915 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

O'ahu Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Novon 8: 32 (1998)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:483 (O [as Rollandia lanceolata subsp. calycina]); Lammers et al. 1993:439 (COMBNOV, Syn. R. l. subsp. calycina = C. lanceolata subsp. calycina); Lammers 1998:32/Herbst & Wagner 1999:16 (COMBNOV, STATNOV, Syn. C. l. subsp. calycina = C. calycina, KEY)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 410 Oahu BISH 1908-08-01
2 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 302 Oahu BISH 1930-09-14
3 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 299 Oahu BISH 1930-09-14
4 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 410 Oahu BISH 1908-08-01
5 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 10259 Oahu BISH 1912-04-20
6 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 10283 Oahu BISH 1912-04-20
7 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8844 Oahu BISH 1911-08-01
8 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Stemmermann, R.L. 1267 Oahu BISH 1976-11-14
9 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 302 Oahu BISH 1930-09-14
10 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 1419 Oahu BISH 1969-06-02
11 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2201 Oahu BISH 1915-08-17
12 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Russ, G.W. Oahu BISH 1933-05-18
13 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Selling, O. 3927 Oahu BISH 1938-09-27
14 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 411 Oahu BISH 1908-08-01
15 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 10252 Oahu BISH 1912-04-20
16 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1697 Oahu BISH 1911-04-01
17 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8844 Oahu BISH 1911-08-01
18 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Oahu BISH
19 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 340 Oahu BISH 1922-08-25
20 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Obata, J.K. 77316 Oahu BISH
21 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Suehiro, A. Oahu BISH 1933-01-08
22 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hume, E.P. Oahu BISH 1931-05-15
23 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Oahu BISH 1912-04-20
24 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Oahu BISH 1908-10-22
25 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Russ, G.W. Oahu BISH 1933-05-18
26 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Suehiro, A. Oahu BISH 1932-09-25
27 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Suehiro, A. Oahu BISH 1932-09-25
28 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Oahu BISH 1908-09-17
29 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Garber, D.W. 347 Oahu BISH 1920-03-21
30 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 1807 Oahu BISH 1926-05-09
31 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Oahu BISH 1908-09-17
32 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 410 Oahu BISH 1908-12-24
33 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Russ, G.W. Oahu BISH 1933-05-08
34 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Oahu BISH 1908-09-17
35 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Oahu BISH
36 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 411 Oahu BISH 1908-08-01
37 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Oahu BISH
38 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. BISH
39 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Under a canopy of Pisonia, Eugenia, Psidium, Psychotria, 30 degree slope, mesic summer dry terrain, near gully floor. Preserved_Specimen Obata, J.K. 77316 Oahu BISH 1977-04-24
40 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. BISH
41 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. BISH
42 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Moist woods. Preserved_Specimen Cowan, R.S. 17 Oahu BISH 1946-07-29
43 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Moist wooded ridge. Preserved_Specimen Erect shrub 8' tall. St.John, H. 11643 Oahu BISH 1932-05-08
44 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details moist woods Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 11093 Oahu BISH 1931-05-17
45 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On wooded slope. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1192 Oahu BISH 1933-08-07
46 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dry wooded ridge. Preserved_Specimen Unbranched shrub 2 m high; flwr striped w/dark purple. Webster, G.L. 1616 Oahu BISH 1948-06-13
47 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wooded ridge. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 11038 Oahu BISH 1931-03-22
48 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details with Metrosideros, Dicranopteris, Machaerina, Sadleria, Wikstroemia, Broussaisia, Dubautia laxa, Ilex, Syzygium, Melicope, Phyllostegia, Clidemia Preserved_Specimen with fruit and flower buds Perlman, S. 6599 Oahu BISH 1987-10-15
49 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details moist woods Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 11093 Oahu BISH 1931-05-17
50 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In denuded depression. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1158 Oahu BISH 1933-08-06
51 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details sides of ravine, with Marattia, Aleurites Preserved_Specimen to 10' tree Carlquist, S. 1715 Oahu BISH 1965-07-03
52 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Moist gully. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1029 Oahu BISH 1933-05-14
53 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Under a canopy of Pisonia, Eugenia, Psidium, Psychotria, 30 degree slope, mesic summer dry terrain, near gully floor. Preserved_Specimen Obata, J.K. 77316 Oahu BISH 1977-04-24
54 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet wooded valley. Preserved_Specimen Flwr deep rose-magenta; lvs beneath harsh scaberulous and pale green. St.John, H. 17645 Oahu BISH 1936-09-28
55 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Forest. Preserved_Specimen Fruit orange. Degener, O. 12246 Oahu BISH 1938-09-25
56 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Montane Wet Forest, just below ridgeline on leeward side of Koolau summit in Kalauao, associated with Metrosideros polymorpha, Ilex, Bobea, Dubautia, Bidens, Vaccinium, Melicope, Scaevola, Labordia. On east aspect with direct light ca. 60% of day. Soil a reddish brown clay. West aspect on 45 degree slope; direct light ca 60% of day. Preserved_Specimen Single unbranched shrub with leaves clustered at branch tips. Single flower observed on remaining inflorescence; corolla purple with white stripes, pubescent on edges of corolla petals; staminal column purple and pubescent. LeGrande, M. 1347 Oahu BISH 2003-11-17
57 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet mixed alien/native summit habiat {habitat?} with Labordia hosokana, Labordia waiolani, Dubautia laxa laxa, Metrosideros polymorpha, Metrosideros rugosa. Preserved_Specimen unusual morphology, very bumpy rugose, few hairs, inflorescense loan, flowers white tinged with purple. Numerous forms of Cyanea calycina in this area. Typical and atypical. Ching-Harbin, S. 2022082502 Oahu BISH 2022-08-25
58 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros forest. Preserved_Specimen Erect, 3 ft. tall. Grant, M.L. 7205 Oahu BISH 1934-08-07
59 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Moist woods. Preserved_Specimen Flwr dark magenta. St.John, H. 13343 Oahu BISH 1933-09-24
60 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet woods. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 717 Oahu BISH 1932-09-18
61 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details weathered rock; Metrosideros, Syzygium, Clidemia Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 2745 Oahu BISH 1986-08-16
62 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Rain Forest Preserved_Specimen Macdaniels, L.H. 15 Oahu BISH 1926-10-06
63 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Forest. Preserved_Specimen with central veins of petals purplish. Corolla lobes purple especially in inner surface but w/margins white. Staminal column faint purple; anthers deep purple w/whitish apex. Calyx tube green; lobes purplish. Corolla in bud greenish-white with outer 1/4 purplish-tinged and, often from base, Degener, O. 12195 Oahu BISH 1938-05-01
64 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet forest. Preserved_Specimen Shrub ca. 2' high. Yoshioka, T. Oahu BISH 1933-10-15
65 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Rainy slope. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 20889 Oahu BISH 1950-06-11
66 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details deep shade, Clidemia, narrow streambed Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 2316 Oahu BISH 1985-07-21
67 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Under a canopy of Pisonia, Eugenia, Psidium, Psychotria, 30 degree slope, mesic summer dry terrain, near gully floor. Preserved_Specimen Obata, J.K. 77316 Oahu BISH 1977-04-24
68 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wooded ridge. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 373 Oahu BISH 1931-03-22
69 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Moderately moist gully. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 573 Oahu BISH 1932-05-29
70 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dark, rich woods. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 7898 Oahu BISH 1932-08-07
71 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Open forest near top. Preserved_Specimen 2' high 3 branched fleshy shrub; corolla dark claret. Degener, O. 20726 Oahu BISH 1950-09-19
72 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Rich woods. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 11488 Oahu BISH 1935-08-25
73 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Forest. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 11486 Oahu BISH 1936-05-12
74 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Rainy slope. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 20889 Oahu BISH 1950-06-11
75 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Steep wooded slope. Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 554 Oahu BISH 1932-04-24
76 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Lower woods. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 10' tall; flwr greenish-white. St.John, H. 11094 Oahu BISH 1931-05-17
77 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dense woods. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 7891 Oahu BISH 1932-03-13
78 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 10254 Oahu BISH 1912-04-20
79 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Upper woods. Preserved_Specimen 2 m tall; flwrs striped w/rose-purple. St.John, H. 17984 Oahu BISH 1937-05-16
80 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wooded ridge. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 373 Oahu BISH 1931-03-22
81 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Open forest near top. Preserved_Specimen 2' high 3 branched fleshy shrub; corolla dark claret. Degener, O. 20726 Oahu BISH 1950-09-19
82 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Undergrowth in rain forest. Preserved_Specimen Erect shrub 3 m tall; frt yellow-green. Bryan Jr., E.H. 815 Oahu BISH 1934-10-02
83 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wooded ridge. Preserved_Specimen Dwarfed. Hume, E.P. 470 Oahu BISH 1932-01-12
84 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Upper woods. Preserved_Specimen 2 m tall; flwrs striped w/rose-purple. St.John, H. 17984 Oahu BISH 1937-05-16
85 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wooded ridge. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 11038 Oahu BISH 1931-03-22
86 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Moist woods. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 554 Oahu BISH 1932-05-15
87 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Moist woods. Preserved_Specimen Hume, E.P. 149 Oahu BISH 1931-04-03
88 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen 1.5 m shrub; leaves thick; corolla purplish Cowan, R.S. 1041 Oahu BISH 1948-06-13
89 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Moist forest. Preserved_Specimen Erect, unbranched undershrub 6' high; flwr dark purple. Bryan Jr., E.H. 774 Oahu BISH 1934-09-18
90 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wooded ridge. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 373 Oahu BISH 1931-03-22
91 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen 2 m stem, unbranched; young leaves and stems muricate; flowers white with dark purple stripes Webster, G.L. 1404 Oahu BISH 1948-03-26
92 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Moist wooded slope. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1106 Oahu BISH 1933-07-02
93 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Palm-formed, unbranched shrub ca 4' high; foliage dull, dark green; sap milky. Herbst, D.R. 1144 Oahu BISH 1968-06-17
94 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Moist wooded slope. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1106 Oahu BISH 1933-07-02
95 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Garber, D.W. 255 Oahu BISH 1920-02-15
96 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Cowan, R.S. 694 Oahu BISH 1917-08-01
97 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen flowers purple Strain, H.H. Oahu BISH 1948-08-06
98 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 410 Oahu BISH 1908-08-01
99 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Obata, J.K. 4049 Oahu BISH 1978-09-10
100 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1615 Oahu BISH 1910-11-13
101 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8842 Oahu BISH 1911-08-01
102 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2190 Oahu BISH 1915-03-12
103 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Selling, O. 3564 Oahu BISH 1938-09-25
104 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Gillett, G.W. 1883 Oahu BISH 1966-05-08
105 Cyanea calycina Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Oahu BISH 1912-04-20
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