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Pachyrhizus erosus

(L.) Urb. (1905)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Fabales Family: Fabaceae Genus: Pachyrhizus

chopsui potato, jicama, mexican turnip, mexican yam, yam bean

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Climbing or trailing herbs, usually with an often lobed, turnip–shaped tuber up to 30 cm in diameter.

Stems: Stems up to 6 m long, pubescent.

Roots: Roots tuberous.

Leaves: Leaves compound. Alternate. Leaflets broadly ovate or broadly rhombic, 3–18 cm long, 4–20 cm wide. Margins irregularly toothed. Veins ending at leaf margins, the margins apiculate at the endpoint of each vein. Petiolate. Stipules lanceolate. Leaflets stipellate.

Flowers: Flowers in pseudoracemes up to 70 cm long, in clusters on a short, warty, lateral axis, these in long pseudoracemes, bracts and bracteoles small, setaceous, caducous. Flowers papilionaceous. Calyx lobes 5, the upper 2 lobes connate into a larger bifid lobe. Corolla blue, bluish mauve, or pale purple, standard with a green central patch, 1.5–2 cm long, standard obovate, with a transverse ridge inside at base, with inflexed auricles, wing petals retrorsely appendaged, keel petals incurved, obtuse. Stamens 10; upper stamen distinct, the other 9 connate into a tube. Ovary superior; style 1, apical, dorsoventrally flattened, broadened toward apex, with a row of antrorse hairs on the upper (adaxial) side extending up from the ovary; stigma subglobose, lateral.

Fruit: Pods straight or curved; 7.5–14 cm long; 1–1.8 cm wide; dehiscent; linear–oblong; compressed; thickened around the seeds; with transverse impressions between each seed. Seeds 4–12; pale brown to purplish black; ellipsoid or rounded; 8–10 mm long; 7–10 mm wide; hilum small.

Ploidy: 2n = 20; 22

Habitat:

Elevation Range: ca. 260 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

  • Yes

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Only found in cultivation
O'ahu Only found in cultivation
Molokai Only found in cultivation
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • 260 m
  • Description digitized by Yuki Ishida
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
  • Hawaii made in 1974

Bibliography

Name Published In: Symb. Antill. 4: 311 (1905)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:689 (H); Staples & Herbst 2005:299 (KEY), 319 (DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. Puhi Camp just west of kauai community college PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 2013 Kauai BISH 12/5/1986
2 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. East end of Molokai, mi 19; open valley floor. Residence of Mr. & Mrs. George Peabody PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Evans, M. M-17 Molokai BISH 6/30/1990
3 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. 1337 Ala Aolani (Private land holding) Cultivated PRESERVED_SPECIMEN C. R. Annable 3145 NY 11/20/1996
4 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN obata, j.k. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 10/20/1986
5 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. puhi camp just west of kauai community college PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. harder, d. collector number: 2013 Kauai BISH 12/5/1986
6 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. moanalua PRESERVED_SPECIMEN obata, j.k. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 9/9/1985
7 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. Resience of Mr. and Mrs. Peabody. East end of Molokai. mile 19, open valley floor, sunny coast PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Evans, M. M-17 Molokai BISH 6/30/1990
8 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Obata, J.K. s.n. Oahu BISH 10/20/1986
9 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. Moanalua PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Obata, J.K. s.n. Oahu BISH 9/9/1985
10 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. east end of molokai, mi. 19; open valley floor. residence of mr. & mrs. george peabody PRESERVED_SPECIMEN evans, m. collector number: m-17 Oahu BISH 6/30/1990
11 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. hookena PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. ishikawa, s. collector number: 5052 Hawaii BISH 10/7/1974
12 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. Honolulu. Salt lake Area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Obata, J.K. s.n. Oahu BISH 10/21/1994
13 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. cultivated, 1337 ala aolani, honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN obata, j.k. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 10/20/1986
14 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. National Tropical Botanical Garden, Allerton Garden in Lawai Valley, west side of Lawai Stream in Micronesian riparian forest planting area Cultivated PRESERVED_SPECIMEN C. R. Annable 3145 Kauai HAPI 11/20/1996
15 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. 1337 ala aolani (private land holding) Cultivated PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. r. annable 3145 NY 11/20/1996
16 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. Puhi Camp just west of Kauai Community College. Cultivated plants from homesites as camp was razed. Known as "sincomas" ? Ilocanos. Cultivated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 2013 Kauai PTBG 12/5/1986
17 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kauai US 10/21/2004
18 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. honolulu. salt lake area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN obata, j.k. collector number: s.n. Maui BISH 10/21/1994
19 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. hookena PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. r. herbst & s. ishikawa 5052 Hawaii US 10/7/1974
20 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. Hookena PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D. R.; Ishikawa, S. 5052 Hawaii US 10/7/1974
21 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. Cultivated, 1337 Ala Aolani, Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Obata, J.K. s.n. Oahu BISH 10/20/1986
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