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Rubus argutus

Link (1822)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Rosales Family: Rosaceae Genus: Rubus

‘ōhelo ‘ele‘ele [ohelo eleele], blackberry, prickly Florida blackberry

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Erect or becoming arching shrubs.

Stems: Stems stiff and usually erect in open areas, ± decumbent in shaded sites, primocanes 10–30 dm long, angled, covered with stout, straight or hooked prickles up to 6(–8) mm long, their bases usually longitudinally elongated, also sparsely pilose, lateral branches of floricanes moderately to densely pilose, prickles usually smaller.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves compound (palmate). Alternate. Blades elliptic, oblong–oblanceolate, or ovate, leaflets (3)5, the terminal one usually 8–13 cm long, 3.5–5(–8) cm wide, terminal leaflet with longest petiolule usually 2–4 cm long, petiolules and petioles usually pilose and with prickles; floricane leaves similar to those of primocanes but smaller, leaflets 3(5), the terminal one usually only 5–9 cm long. Upper surfaces glabrate; lower surfaces usually soft pilose and midrib usually with small prickles. Margins coarsely and irregularly serrate. Petiolate. Stipules adnate to base of petioles.

Flowers: Flowers in short, open racemes, pedicels 15–50 mm long, moderately to densely villous (hairs not glandular or sometimes some of them glandular) and with prickles. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic. Calyx lobes 5, persistent, distinct, imbricate. Corolla of 5 petals, white, distinct, obovate, imbricate, 13–20 mm long. Stamens numerous; filaments slender; anthers dithecal. Ovary superior, inserted on the raised receptacle, 1-celled; ovules 2 per cell; style filiform, subterminal, persistent.

Fruit: Fruit fleshy; juicy drupelets; black at maturity; subglobose to oblong; 1.5–2 cm long; cohering to the tardily separating receptacle. Seeds 1 per drupelet.

Ploidy: 2n = 14; 21

Habitat: Disturbed habitats; including mesic to wet forest and subalpine grassland.

Elevation Range: 200–3,000 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Birds

Vegetative Reproduction

Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 60 (1822)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1107 (K, O, M, H); Hughes 1995:9 (Mo)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Rubus argutus East Maui, Olinda, Kula Pipe Line Preserved_Specimen forming thickets, canes arching, flowers white, fruit black St.John, H. 10311 Maui BISH 1930-02-12
2 Rubus argutus Mt. Kaala Preserved_Specimen flowers white; berries dark red, turns purple with maturity Townsend, M.M. Oahu BISH 1941-01-12
3 Rubus argutus National Park, Kilauea, Residence #21 Preserved_Specimen Fagerlund, G.O. 693 Hawaii BISH 1943-07-30
4 Rubus argutus National Park, Kilauea Preserved_Specimen Swezey, O.H. 8606 Hawaii BISH 1934-07-28
5 Rubus argutus Halealoha Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 797 Hawaii BISH 1915-06-10
6 Rubus argutus Olinda Preserved_Specimen Faurie, A. 801 Maui BISH 1909-08-01
7 Rubus argutus Halealoha Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 797 Hawaii BISH 1915-06-10
8 Rubus argutus Ukulele Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 973 Maui BISH 1919-07-29
9 Rubus argutus Olinda, Idlewild Preserved_Specimen Krauss, N.L.H. 493 Maui BISH 1960-03-19
10 Rubus argutus Ukulele Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 910 Maui BISH 1919-07-24
11 Rubus argutus Olinda, pipe line trail Preserved_Specimen Apo Lam, A. 8800 Maui BISH 1934-10-01
12 Rubus argutus Olinda, pipe line trail Preserved_Specimen Apo Lam, A. 8800 Maui BISH 1934-10-01
13 Rubus argutus Ukulele Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 910 Maui BISH 1919-07-24
14 Rubus argutus Olinda Preserved_Specimen Krauss, N.L.H. 1034 Maui BISH 1966-03-29
15 Rubus argutus Olinda Preserved_Specimen Krauss, N.L.H. 1034 Maui BISH 1966-03-29
16 Rubus argutus near Kilauea Crater hotel Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 1123 Hawaii BISH 1922-09-17
17 Rubus argutus Halealoha Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 797 Hawaii BISH 1915-06-10
18 Rubus argutus Olinda Preserved_Specimen Faurie, A. 801 Maui BISH 1909-08-01
19 Rubus argutus Olinda Preserved_Specimen Krauss, N.L.H. 1034 Maui BISH 1966-03-29
20 Rubus argutus W Maui, Lahaina District, Kaulalewelewe Preserved_Specimen Krauss, N.L.H. 1137 Maui BISH 1967-04-27
21 Rubus argutus Waianae Mts., Kamaileunu Ridge, SW ridge separating Waianae Kai and Makaha Valleys Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5091 Oahu BISH 1983-12-11
22 Rubus argutus W Maui, Lahaina District, Kaulalewelewe Preserved_Specimen Krauss, N.L.H. 1137 Maui BISH 1967-04-27
23 Rubus argutus Kilauea, CCC camp, National Park Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. 3105 Hawaii BISH 1959-08-01
24 Rubus argutus Waimea, Mahanaloa Valley, Kopiwai trail Preserved_Specimen Doty, M.S. Kauai BISH 1952-02-05
25 Rubus argutus Volcano, Kilauea Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Hawaii BISH 1908-09-01
26 Rubus argutus N.Kona, Holualoa Forest Reserve, S slope of Hualalai, near reservoir Preserved_Specimen Kondo, Y. Hawaii BISH 1946-07-13
27 Rubus argutus Waianae Mountains; Mt. Ka'ala, along paved road Preserved_Specimen Ziegler, M.F. Oahu BISH 1986-06-04
28 Rubus argutus Waianae Mts., Makaha Valley Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Oahu BISH 1909-02-12
29 Rubus argutus Halealoha Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 797 Hawaii BISH 1915-06-10
30 Rubus argutus Kokee, Kalalau lookout Preserved_Specimen Krauss, N.L.H. 880 Kauai BISH 1963-03-10
31 Rubus argutus down Chain of Craters Rd. ~1.3 mi past Volcano Observatory toward Halemaumau Crater parking lot (plot 51) Metrosideros, native shrub, scattered lichen on ash covered pahoehoe lava Preserved_Specimen shrub ~1' tall Newell, C.L. 447 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-19
32 Rubus argutus Haleakala Ranch near Makawao Forest Reserve pasture Preserved_Specimen Scandent shrub with white flowers and red-black fruit Herbst, D.R. 4037 Maui BISH 1974-08-27
33 Rubus argutus Ukulele, above Olinda woods Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 166 Maui BISH 1910-07-01
34 Rubus argutus up Mauna Loa Strip Rd. ~0.5 mi from intersection with Kona-Hilo Hwy. (plot 18) Metrosideros, native shrub, scattered lichen on ash covered pahoehoe lava Preserved_Specimen shrub ~3' tall Newell, C.L. 798 Hawaii BISH 1966-09-08
35 Rubus argutus Mt. Kaala summit bog Preserved_Specimen Densely armed, scandant scrub. Flowers white, fruit purple when mature. Older stems angled, reddish Nagata, K.M. 934 Oahu BISH 1972-02-19
36 Rubus argutus Mt. Kaala top, wet forest Preserved_Specimen Christophersen, E. 1703 Oahu BISH 1931-04-03
37 Rubus argutus Glenwood, 29 miles roadside Preserved_Specimen ~prostrate Degener, O. 8179 Hawaii BISH 1929-06-11
38 Rubus argutus Mt. Kaala summit; prostrate in Metrosideros forest Preserved_Specimen Grant, M.L. 7480 Oahu BISH 1934-10-04
39 Rubus argutus Keauhou Ranch. Kau District Along fenceline of koa reforestation area. Preserved_Specimen Bushes 4 ft. tall. Flowers white, fruit red and black. Cuddihy, L.W. 49 Hawaii BISH 1979-12-18
40 Rubus argutus East Maui, Olinda grazing land Preserved_Specimen Krauss, N.L.H. 614 Maui BISH 1961-11-07
41 Rubus argutus NW outer slope of Haleakala, in Hosmer's Grove below National Park along stream crossing road through grove; with conifers Preserved_Specimen Henrickson, J.S. 3872 Maui BISH 1969-07-15
42 Rubus argutus East Maui, Hana District, E end of Haleakala Crater, 20 yards S of Paliku Ranger Cabin pasture; with Holcus lanatus Preserved_Specimen 2-3' high, with white petals Henrickson, J.S. 3506 Maui BISH 1969-06-16
43 Rubus argutus Keauhou Ranch, Kau District Along fenceline of koa reforestation area. Preserved_Specimen Bushes 4 ft. tall. Flowers white, fruit red and black. Cuddihy, L.W. 49 Hawaii BISH 1979-12-18
44 Rubus argutus Mt. Kaala wet summit Preserved_Specimen canes arching; flower white; fruit black St.John, H. 22274 Oahu BISH 1946-11-17
45 Rubus argutus East Maui, Hana District, Haleakala, Naholoku at Paliku Cabin in 20' deep shaded bed of intermittent stream W of Ranger Cabin, with Dryopteris, Myrsine, Cheirodendron Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 853 Maui BISH 1975-06-20
46 Rubus argutus Kokee his garden Preserved_Specimen armed shrub, the canes 2-3 m long, arcuate. Petals white. Ripe fruit purplish black, not separating from the receptacle Lorence, D.H. 5752 Kauai BISH 1988-01-28
47 Rubus argutus DLNR Makiki baseyard nursery Grassy vegetation Preserved_Specimen Small shrub covered with stout prickles, palmately compound and orate leaves, no flowers, fruits reddish turning black Harelman, A. Oahu BISH
48 Rubus argutus Kilauea, Military camp edges of thickets in disturbed ground, compact ash Preserved_Specimen tangled elongate branching canes; evergreen, flowers white, 3 cm across; fruit black and glossy when ripe, pleasantly tart Fosberg, F.R. 33295 Hawaii BISH 1951-02-12
49 Rubus argutus Kokee, Puu Kila Lookout with Dicranopteris; Metrosideros rain forest, more open areas Preserved_Specimen Flowers white; fruit purple to black when mature Spence, G. 94 Kauai BISH 1972-11-06
50 Rubus argutus Thurston Lava Tube parking lot, ~3 m toward Tube, turn right up narrow jeep road (plot 4) Cibotium forest Preserved_Specimen shrub ~3-4' tall Newell, C.L. 930 Hawaii BISH 1967-06-20
51 Rubus argutus East Maui, Koolau Forest Reserve, near Puu Alaea In tussock grassland with Deschampsia. Preserved_Specimen Harrison, B. 495 Maui BISH 1973-10-10
52 Rubus argutus East Maui, Koolau Forest Reserve, near Puu Alaea In tussock grassland with Deschampsia. Preserved_Specimen Harrison, B. 495 Maui BISH 1973-10-10
53 Rubus argutus National Park, Kilauea Preserved_Specimen Swezey, O.H. 8606 Hawaii BISH 1934-07-28
54 Rubus argutus on Mauna Loa Strip Road ~3.6 mi from intersection with Kona-Hilo Highway, into forest (plot 39) Acacia, Sapindus, Microlepia forest Preserved_Specimen shrub ~3' tall Newell, C.L. 788 Hawaii BISH 1966-09-08
55 Rubus argutus Waianae Mts., Waianae Kai Forest Reserve, Waianae-Kaala Trail on knife ridge Preserved_Specimen Hernandez, J.P. 68 Oahu BISH 2007-04-28
56 Rubus argutus East Maui, NE outer slope of Haleakala, N of Puu Alaea with Dubautia, Geranium, Sadleria, Vaccinium, Styphelia; in heath scrub Preserved_Specimen stems erect Henrickson, J.S. 3673 Maui BISH 1969-06-22
57 Rubus argutus Mt. Kaala Preserved_Specimen decumbant, forming thickets Hosaka, E.Y. 1267 Oahu BISH 1934-10-04
58 Rubus argutus W Maui, Lahaina District, Kaulalewelewe Preserved_Specimen Krauss, N.L.H. 1137 Maui BISH 1967-04-27
59 Rubus argutus Mt. Kaala Preserved_Specimen canes arching; fruit black St.John, H. 10064 Oahu BISH 1929-11-24
60 Rubus argutus near Glenwood, on the way to Volcano House Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 30188 Hawaii BISH 1926-07-23
61 Rubus argutus Kalaupulii, Kokee Preserved_Specimen Flowers white with pink. Degener, O. 21583 Kauai BISH 1952-01-12
62 Rubus argutus Olinda Preserved_Specimen Krauss, N.L.H. 1034 Maui BISH 1966-03-29
63 Rubus argutus Kalaupulii, Kokee Preserved_Specimen Flowers white with pink. Degener, O. 21583 Kauai BISH 1952-01-12
64 Rubus argutus Mt. Kaala Preserved_Specimen canes arching; fruit black St.John, H. 10064 Oahu BISH 1929-11-24
65 Rubus argutus Olinda Preserved_Specimen Faurie, A. 801 Maui BISH 1909-08-01
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