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Peperomia expallescens

C.DC. (1913)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Magnoliids Order: Piperales Family: Piperaceae Genus: Peperomia

‘ala‘ala wai nui [alaala wai nui]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Fleshy herbs.

Stems: Stems red, ascending to erect from a repent base, 20–50 cm long, ca. 2–3 mm in diameter toward base, dichotomously branched, internodes 1.5–8 cm long, densely hirsute, the hairs appressed and spreading, ca. 0.6–1.3 mm long, older stems glabrate.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Whorled (2)3–5 per node. Blades elliptic–obovate, rhombic–obovate, broadly elliptic, or sometimes suborbicular, 2–5 cm long, 1–2.5(–3.5) cm wide. Apex obtuse to rounded. Base cuneate or sometimes rounded. Upper surfaces hirsute, sometimes only toward base and along nerves, older leaves sometimes becoming glabrate; lower surfaces moderately hirtellous, green; lower surfaces paler, sometimes with red intercostal areas, drying somewhat coriaceous. Margins entire, usually somewhat revolute at least when dry. Palmately 3-veined or sometimes pinnately 5-veined. Petioles 0.5–3 cm long, hirsute. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in fleshy spikes usually several, terminal or in uppermost leaf axils, 2.5–5 cm long, the rachis ca. 1.5 mm in diameter, glabrous, flowers moderately congested, peduncles 0.7–1.5 cm long, sparsely hirsute to glabrous or sometimes moderately hirsute toward base. Flowers bisexual (perfect), perianth absent. Each flower subtended by a peltate bract. Calyx (sepals) absent. Corolla (petals) absent. Stamens 2. Ovary superior, obovoid to turbinate, 1-carpellate, 1-celled; ovules 1 per cell, orthotropous, erect; stigmas terminal or slightly subterminal.

Fruit: Fruit obovoid to obovoid–turbinate; 1.2–1.5 mm long; papillose–viscid with sessile glands. Seeds 1 per fruit; with scanty endosperm and copious; starchy perisperm.

Ploidy: 2n = 66

Habitat: Wet forests.

Elevation Range: 1,160–1,740 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Molokai Endemic
Maui Endemic
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Coll. Hawaii Publ. Bull. 2: 23 (1913)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1025 (Mo, M)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Kawela, Hanolilolilo trail, Pepeopae wet ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Warshauer, F.R. FRW 2349 Molokai BISH 6/22/1979
2 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Between Waikolu Valley and N base of Puu Alii open rain forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 2761 Molokai BISH 4/10/1928
3 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Kona, Keauhou PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Judd Jr., A.F. 67 Hawaii BISH 11/12/1937
4 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Puu o Wahaula mossy rain forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 2758 Molokai BISH 4/17/1928
5 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. waikolu, pepeopae PRESERVED_SPECIMEN cranwell, l.m. selling, o.; skottsberg, c. collector number: 2576 Molokai BISH 7/11/1938
6 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. between wailau and pelekunu valleys, olokui plateau Reef PRESERVED_SPECIMEN higashino, p.k. holt, r.a. collector number: 9405b Hawaii BISH 8/2/1980
7 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Makawao, Haiku Uka, N slope Haleakala, upper Keanae Valley wet ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Warshauer, F.R. FRW 2815 Maui BISH 7/14/1980
8 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. kawela, puu o kaeha common species in second layer canopy PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. et al. collector number: 12494 Hawaii BISH 12/1/1932
9 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. head of Waikolu Valley, Hanalilolilo, rim of gulch wet ground, under Sadleria PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 12409 Molokai BISH 12/21/1932
10 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. west maui, puu kukui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: 10380 Maui BISH 7/1/1910
11 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. kona, keauhou PRESERVED_SPECIMEN judd jr., a.f. collector number: 67 Hawaii BISH 11/12/1937
12 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. upper forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN munro, g.c. collector number: 586 Molokai BISH 6/5/1916
13 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Pepeopae on ground and fallen logs, dense shade PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 2730 Molokai BISH 4/12/1928
14 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Waikolu Valley, ridge between Hanalilolilo and Pepeopae wet forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 12572 Molokai BISH 12/25/1932
15 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Kawela, Puu o Kaeha rain forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 12494 Molokai BISH 12/23/1932
16 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. kawela, honolilolilo trail, pepeopae wet ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory PRESERVED_SPECIMEN warshauer, f.r. mceldowney, p.h. collector number: frw 2349 Molokai BISH 6/22/1979
17 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. mts. above puu kolekole PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 161 mo Molokai BISH 7/1/1912
18 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Kawela, Puu o Kaeha rain forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 12463 Molokai BISH 12/23/1932
19 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Kamakou Preserve, Kawela Section, summit trail along Papaala Pali Epiphytic on log in closed `ohi`a cloud forest with understory of `olapa, kolea, alani, pilo, manono, and hapu`u. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cuddihy, L.W. Corn, C. Collector Number: 1125 Molokai BISH 5/20/1982
20 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. puu kukui summit bogs PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wood, k.r. collector number: 11493 Hawaii BISH 8/24/2005
21 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. kaapilopilo and kapakahawai gulches PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 1942.m Maui BISH 3/12/1920
22 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. makawao, haiki uka, n haleakala, upper keanae valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN warshauer, f.r. mceldowney, p.h. collector number: frw 2815 Kauai BISH 4/7/1980
23 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Between Wailau and Pelekunu Valleys, Olokui Plateau PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Higashino, P.K. 9405b Molokai BISH 8/2/1980
24 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Puu o Wahaula rain forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 8767 Molokai BISH 4/17/1928
25 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. pepeopae moss-covered trunk of tree PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. wiebke, h. collector number: 2845 Molokai BISH 4/23/1928
26 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. East Maui, Haleakala, Koolau Gap rain forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wilbur, R.L. 970 Maui BISH 7/2/1948
27 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Kamakou Preserve, Kawela Section, summit trail along Papaala Pali Epiphytic on log in closed `ohi`a cloud forest with understory of `olapa, kolea, alani, pilo, manono, and hapu`u. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cuddihy, L.W. 1125 Molokai BISH 5/20/1982
28 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Makawao, Haiku Uka, N slope Haleakala, upper Keanae Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Warshauer, F.R. FRW 2815 Maui BISH 7/14/1980
29 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Kawela, Puu o Kaeha rain forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 12492 Molokai BISH 12/23/1932
30 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. kawela, puu o kaeha rain forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. et al. collector number: 12463 Molokai BISH 12/1/1932
31 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. puu o wahaula mossy rain forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. wiebke, h. collector number: 2758 Molokai BISH 4/17/1928
32 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. mts. above puu kolekole PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 160 mo Molokai BISH 7/1/1912
33 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. kamakou preserve, kawela section, summit trail along papaala pali Epiphytic on log in closed `ohi`a cloud forest with understory of `olapa, kolea, alani, pilo, manono, and hapu`u. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN cuddihy, l.w. corn, c. collector number: 1125 Molokai BISH 5/20/1982
34 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. West Maui, Puu Kukui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 10380 Maui BISH 7/1/1910
35 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Waikolu Valley, ridge between Hanalilolilo and Pepeopae wet forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 12566 Molokai BISH 12/25/1932
36 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. east maui, koolau fr, nahiku, kuhiwa trail mossy trunk PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. catto, r.j. collector number: 17952 Maui BISH 1/2/1937
37 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. between waikolu valley and n base of puu alii open rain forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. wiebke, h. collector number: 2761 Molokai BISH 4/10/1928
38 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. kawela, puu o kaeha rain forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. et al. collector number: 12492 Molokai BISH 12/1/1932
39 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. puu o wahaula rain forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. collector number: 8767 Molokai BISH 4/17/1928
40 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. [illegible] PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 161 A 7/8/1912
41 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 160.mo CHRB 7/10/1912
42 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. rainswept plateau at head of alakahi valley, kohala, t. hawaii. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN otto degener; greenwell, murashige, kerr CHRB 8/27/1949
43 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener & h. wiebke 2761 CM 4/10/1928
44 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. near puu o wahaula, molokai. Boulders on forest floor. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 2758 DUKE 4/17/1928
45 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. kohala PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener & et al. 20063 Hawaii F 8/27/1949
46 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN O. Degener & H. Wiebke 2758 Molokai F 4/17/1928
47 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN O. Degener & H. Wiebke 2761 Molokai F 4/10/1928
48 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN C. N. Forbes 160.Mo Molokai F 7/1/1912
49 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Maui - Maui west, on the high swampy plateau and along the trail leading to Puukukui, at 5780 ft. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J. F. C G
50 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. distr. of paua PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wilkes expedition GH
51 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. between waikolu valley & probably northern base of puu alii, molokai. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 2761 NY 4/10/1928
52 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. kaapilppilo and kapakahawai gulches PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 1942 NY 3/12/1920
53 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. near pepeopae, molokai. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 2845 NY 4/23/1928
54 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. rainswept plateau at head of alakahi valley, kohala. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 20063 NY 8/27/1949
55 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. near pepeopae, molokai. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 2730 NY 4/12/1928
56 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 1942.m Maui US
57 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. W. Maui,, Puu Kukui summit bogs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 11493 Maui PTBG 8/24/2005
58 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. MAUI: E. Maui, east Kopili`ula. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 11339 Maui PTBG 5/5/2005
59 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. MAUI: W. Maui, tributary of Kahana gulch, borders of Kahakuloa NAR; Elev. 3400-3600 ft. Metrosideros-Chierodendron Montane Wet Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 5152 Maui PTBG 4/30/1996
60 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Koolau State Forest Reserve. Elev. 4180-4250 ft. Along road below Waikamoi flume. In Metrosidero forest with ground cover of numerous pteridophytes. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 2778 Maui PTBG 3/9/1988
61 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Koolau State Forest Reserve. Along road below Waikamoi flume in Metrosideros forest with ground cover of numerous pteridophytes. Elev. 4180-4250 ft. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 2778 Maui PTBG 3/9/1988
62 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. MAUI: W. Maui, tributary of Kahana gulch, borders of Kahakuloa NAR; Elev. 3400-3600 ft. Metrosideros-Chierodendron Montane Wet Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 5151 Maui PTBG 4/30/1996
63 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. MAUI: E. Maui, Hanawi; above State Camp; east fence, Heleleikeoha headwaters; elev. ca 5300-6000 ft. Metrosideros-Cheirodendron montane wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 6813 Maui PTBG 10/5/1997
64 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Hawaii Is., kalapana Ranger Station PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Vladimir J. Krajina 660627023 UBC 6/27/1966
65 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. ridge between hanalilolilo & pepeopae, waikolu valley, kawela PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. st. john, r. j. baker, j. w. coulter & f. r. fosberg 12572 Molokai US 12/25/1932
66 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Near Pepeopae PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O.; Wiebke, H. 2730 Molokai US 4/12/2028
67 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. between waikolu valley and probably northern base of puu alii. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN otto degener|henry wiebke degener 2761 US 4/10/1928
68 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Upper forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Munro, G.C. 586 Molokai BISH 6/5/1916
69 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. east maui, haleakala, koolau gap PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wilbur, r.l. webster, g.l. collector number: 970 Oahu BISH 7/2/1948
70 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. kaapilopilo and kapakahawai gulches In Touchardia patch, on saturated talus along small stream below large waterfalls. Vegetation: Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Touchardia, Pipturus, Boehmeria, Cyanea, Cyrtandra, Sadleria, Cibotium, Vandenboschia, Christella, Peperomia, Elaphoglossum, Microsorum, Adenophorus. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 1942.m Maui BISH 3/12/1920
71 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Waikolu, Pepeopae PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cranwell, L.M. 2576 Molokai BISH 7/11/1938
72 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Kaapilopilo and Kapakahawai Gulches PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 1942.M Maui BISH 3/12/1920
73 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. near pepeopae PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener & h. wiebke 2730 Maui US 4/12/1938
74 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Ridge between Hanalilolilo & Pepeopae, Waikolu Valley, Kawela PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H.; Baker, R. J.; Coulter, J. W.; Fosberg, F. R. 12572 Molokai US 12/25/1932
75 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Mts above Puu Kolekole PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C. N. 160.Mo. Molokai US 7/12/2020
76 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. near pepeopae PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener & h. wiebke 2730 Kure Atoll US 4/12/1928
77 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. head of waikolu valley, hanalilolilo, rim of gulch wet ground, under Sadleria PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. et al. collector number: 12409 Molokai BISH 12/1/1932
78 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. East Maui, Koolau FR, Nahiku, Kuhiwa trail mossy trunk PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 17952 Maui BISH 1/2/1937
79 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. MAUI: Makawao District. Koolau State Forest Reserve. Along Waikamoi flume. Elev. 4180-4250 ft. In rainforest dominated by Metrosideros. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 2768 Maui PTBG 3/9/1988
80 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. near pepeopae, molokai On ground, fallen logs in dense shade. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, otto; wiebke, henry 2730 CAS 4/10/1928
81 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Puu Kukui summit bogs 55% cover of Metrosideros polymorpha, ~25-50 cm height; shrubs of Argyroxiphium grayanum at 15% cover; Oreobolus furcatus at 5%; Coprosma ochracea, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Vaccinium dentatum, Geranium hillebrandii, Lycopodiella cernua, Carex montis-eeka, Deschampsia nubigena, Dichanthelium cynodon, Dichanthelium hillebrandianum, Dichan PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 11493 Maui BISH 8/24/2005
82 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. mts above puu kolekole PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 160.mo. Molokai US
83 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Pepeopae moss-covered trunk of tree PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 2845 Molokai BISH 4/23/1928
84 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. At edge of Pepeopae Bog In forest at edge of bog. Growing with Viola maviensis, Astelia forbesii, Schizaea, and Nertera in closed Metrosideros forest with Cheirodendron, Coprosma, Gouldia, and Vaccinium. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. Collector Number: 828 Molokai BISH 5/27/1982
85 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Wawaia, Kalapamoa Ridge wet ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Stemmermann, R.L. 3874 Molokai BISH 7/11/1979
86 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Mts. above Puu Kolekole PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 161 Mo Molokai BISH 7/1/1912
87 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Puaahala ahupuaa, Kalapamoa Ridge, below Kamo's helicopter landing zone; between Wawaia drainage basin and Keawanui. Vegetation: Metrosideros/Acacia Montane Mesic /Wet Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H51522 Molokai BISH 5/19/2015
88 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener & h. wiebke 2758 Molokai F 4/17/1928
89 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Puaahala ahupuaa, Kalapamoa Ridge, below Kamoa helicopter landing zone; between Wawaia drainage basin and Keawanui. Vegetation: Metrosideros/Acacai Montane Mesic/Wet Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H51523 Molokai BISH 5/19/2015
90 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. between wailau and pelekunu valleys, olokui plateau dry clay depression near coast PRESERVED_SPECIMEN warshauer, f.r. mceldowney, p.h. collector number: frw 2967 Molokai BISH 8/4/1980
91 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. At edge of Pepeopae Bog In forest at edge of bog. Growing with Viola maviensis, Astelia forbesii, Schizaea, and Nertera in closed Metrosideros forest with Cheirodendron, Coprosma, Gouldia, and Vaccinium. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. 828 Molokai BISH 5/27/1982
92 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. waikolu valley, ridge between hanalilolilo and pepeopae wet woods PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. et al. collector number: 12566 Oahu BISH 12/1/1932
93 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Mts. above Puu Kolekole PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 160 Mo Molokai BISH 7/1/1912
94 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. Between Wailau and Pelekunu Valleys, Olokui Plateau Tr 19(27) wet ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Warshauer, F.R. FRW 2967 Molokai BISH 8/4/1980
95 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. West Maui, Puu Kukui summit wet forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cranwell, L.M. 2704 Maui BISH 7/25/1938
96 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. west maui, puu kukui summit wet forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN cranwell, l.m. skottsberg, c. collector number: 2704 Maui BISH 7/25/1938
97 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. waikolu valley, ridge between hanalilolilo and pepeopae PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. et al. collector number: 12572 Oahu BISH 12/1/1932
98 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. wawaia, kalapamoa ridge PRESERVED_SPECIMEN stemmermann, r.l. montgomery, s. collector number: 3874 Hawaii BISH 7/11/1979
99 Peperomia expallescens C.DC. pepeopae on ground and fallen logs, dense shade PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. collector number: 2730 Molokai BISH 4/12/1928
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