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Hibiscadelphus distans

L.E.Bishop & Herbst (1973)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Malvales Family: Malvaceae Genus: Hibiscadelphus

hau kuahiwi

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs or small trees up to 5 m tall with grayish, rounded crown.

Stems: Trunk 5–8 cm in diameter, smooth, grayish bark and prominent petiole scars on young branches, glabrate to stellate puberulent.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades blades broadly ovate, 4–10 cm long. Base shallowly cordate. Upper surfaces sparsely pubescent lower surfaces more densely so but without conspicuous tufting in the vein axils. Margins broadly and sometimes irregularly dentate. Petioles 1.5-5 cm long. Stipules present 1-2 mm long.

Flowers: Flowers solitary, erect, borne near the ends of branches, pedicels 1–3 cm long; involucral bracts 7–9, 12–16 mm long, connate ca. ⅓ their length, limbs narrowly triangular, 1.5– 2.3 mm wide at base. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx tubular, 1.3–2 cm long, 5-lobed but often opening by 2-3 clefts, lobes triangular, 0.3–0.5 cm long, valvate in bud, persistent in fruit or circumscissilly dehiscent toward base before capsule maturity. Corolla usually zygomorphic, tubular to rotate or reflexed, corolla of 5 petals, obovate, bright green, becoming dull reddish, 3–4 cm long, curved and narrowly convolute with the 2 lower petals shorter and usually spreading or reflexed apically, densely stellate pubescent on lower surface and often on upper surface near apex, usually conspicuously veined. Stamens 5 to numerous, monadelphous, forming a staminal column, exserted or exposed apically by the spreading lower petals; antheriferous in upper ⅓–½ below the 5–dentate apex; anthers monothecal. Pollen globose, echinate. Ovary superior, placentation axile, 5-celled; ovules (2)3 per cell; style exceeding the staminal column, branches 5, erect; stigmas terminal, capitate or discoid.

Fruit: Capsules chartaceous; ovoid; ca.2.5 cm long; 1.5 cm in diameter; mesocarp weakly developed and usually adnate to exocarp; endocarp segments 5; boat-like. Seeds 2 per cell; reniform; ca. 5 mm long; sparsely yellowish brown pubescent; with or without endosperm.

Ploidy: 2n = 2n = 40*

Habitat: Remnant dry forest.

Elevation Range: ca. 350 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Ethnobotanical Images

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Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic
O'ahu Only found in cultivation

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Brittonia 25: 290 (1973)

Other References

Champion, S. J. (2020). Biogeography and Phylogenetics of the Hawaiian Endemic Hibiscadelphus, Hau Kuahiwi (Malvaceae) (Doctoral dissertation, University of Hawai'i at Manoa).

Wagner, W. L. (1995). Another New, Nearly Extinct Species of Hibiscadelphus (Malvaceae). Novon, 5, 183-187.

Lorence, D. H., & Wagner, W. L. (1995). Another new, nearly extinct species of Hibiscadelphus (Malvaceae) from the Hawaiian Islands. Novon, 183-187.

Wagner et al. 1990:878 (K); Lorence & Wagner 1995:186 (KEY); Staples & Herbst 2005:383 (KEY), 393 (DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information North facing native xeric cliffs above native-alien xeric forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 1954 Kauai PTBG 6/6/1992
2 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kauai US 8/8/1972
3 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. r. herbst & l. e. bishop 2475 Kauai US 6/4/1972
4 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D. R.; Bishop, L. E. 2475 Kauai US 6/4/1972
5 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman & j. lau 7035 Kauai US 11/29/1987
6 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN D. H. Lorence & D. Harder 8168 Kauai US 12/8/1997
7 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman & j. lau 7035 Kauai US 11/29/1987
8 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In partial shade. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 2173 Oahu BISH 3/24/1986
9 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Lowland dry-mesic forest. W/ Aleurites moluccana, Lantana camera, Triumfetta semitriloba, Hibiscus waimeae subsp. Waimeae, Psidium Guajava, Ricinus communis, Syrygium cumini, Cordyline fruitcosa, Coffea arabica, Plumbago aeyla. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Walsh, S. SKW623 Kauai BISH 2018-00-00
10 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In Diospyros sandwicensis lowland mesic forest with Myrsine, Nestegis, Canthium, Erythrina, Sapindus, Melia, Lantana, Aleurites. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN perlman, s.p. lau, j. collector number: 7035 Kauai BISH 11/29/1987
11 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wood, k.r. lau, j. collector number: 1954 Oahu BISH 6/6/1992
12 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Erythrina-Sapindus forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Bishop, B. 1318 Kauai BISH 6/4/1972
13 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Baker, J.K. s.n. Kauai BISH 7/28/1976
14 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Erythrina-Sapindus forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN bishop, b. herbst, d.r. collector number: 1318 Kauai BISH 6/4/1972
15 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In remnant native forest of Erythrina sandwicensis and Sapindus oahuensis, on bluff. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN montgomery, s.l. collector number: s.n. Kauai BISH 4/16/1976
16 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On dry ledges, steep cliff; among ti and kukui. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN christensen, c. collector number: 116 Molokai BISH 1/4/1977
17 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN P J de Lange AK 3/23/1996
18 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN waimea arboretum waimea arboretum s.n. #14 MO 9/15/1997
19 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Cultivated plants. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 4897 Kauai PTBG 2/25/1992
20 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros- Diospyros dry-mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 19926 Kauai PTBG 12/15/2005
21 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 745 Kauai PTBG 4/17/1991
22 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Exclosure area in dry forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 746 Kauai PTBG 4/17/1991
23 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 84 Kauai PTBG 6/25/1982
24 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 745 Kauai PTBG 4/17/1991
25 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 13051 Kauai PTBG
26 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Mesic Cliffs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 759 Kauai PTBG 4/25/1991
27 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Mesic Cliffs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 757 Kauai PTBG 4/25/1991
28 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 18861 Kauai PTBG 4/21/2004
29 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 19926 Kauai PTBG 12/15/2005
30 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Cultivated PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Dustin Wolkis DMW1122 Kauai PTBG 10/7/2016
31 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Cultivated. Surrounded by Acacia koaia trees and grass along a gravel road. Partially shade, gentle slope, dry to wet conditions. Low elevation. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Nicole Shores 51 Kauai PTBG 4/9/2012
32 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Cultivated plants. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Larry Rueter 4 Kauai PTBG 11/17/1994
33 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Cutlivated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Susan M. Deans SMD065 Kauai PTBG 2/12/2016
34 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Cultivated area. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 10497 Kauai PTBG 3/13/2015
35 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D. H.; Harder, D. 8168 Kauai US 12/8/1997
36 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 18862 Kauai PTBG 4/21/2004
37 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Highly degraded dry forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Chipper Wichman 234 Kauai PTBG 1/31/1990
38 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. h. lorence & d. harder 8168 Kauai US 12/8/1997
39 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, t. w. flynn & s. p. perlman 757 Kauai US 4/25/1991
40 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R.; Flynn, T. W.; Perlman, S. P. 757 Kauai US 4/25/1991
41 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. P.; Lau, J. 7035 Kauai US 11/29/1987
42 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. P.; Lau, J. 7035 Kauai US 11/29/1987
43 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In dry type forest. On bark. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood & s. p. perlman 746 WTU 4/17/1991
44 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Diospyros sandwicensis lowland mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 7036 Kauai PTBG 11/29/1987
45 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R.; Perlman, S. P. 746 Kauai US 4/17/1991
46 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In Diospyros sandwicensis lowland mesic forest with Myrsine, Nestegis, Canthium, Erythrina, Sapindus, Melia, Lantana, Aleurites. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. 7035 Kauai BISH 11/29/1987
47 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN palmer, richard; orr, david MIN 10/15/2004
48 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In Diospyros sandwicensis lowland mesic forest with Myrsine, Nestegis, Canthium, Erythrina, Sapindus, Melia, Lantana, Aleurites. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN perlman, s.p. lau, j. collector number: 7036 Kauai BISH 11/29/1987
49 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On steeply sloping trail side PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 2475 Kauai BISH 6/4/1972
50 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. collector number: 2173 Oahu BISH 3/24/1986
51 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Dryland forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Christensen, C. 116 Kauai BISH 1/4/1977
52 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In Diospyros sandwicensis lowland mesic forest with Myrsine, Nestegis, Canthium, Erythrina, Sapindus, Melia, Lantana, Aleurites. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. 7036 Kauai BISH 11/29/1987
53 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In remnant native forest of Erythrina sandwicensis and Sapindus oahuensis, on bluff. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Montgomery, S.L. s.n. Kauai BISH 4/16/1976
54 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information N facing native xeric cliffs above native-alien xeric forest; Associated plants: Artemisia, Nototrichium sandwicense, Chamaesyce celastroides, Wilkesia gymnoxiphium, Lobelia niihauensis, Peucedanum, Bidens, Hibiscadelphus distans, Bobea timonioides, Flueggea, Erythrina sandwicensis, Diospyros, Myrsine, Euphorbia haeleeleana, Gahnia aspera var. globosa. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 1954 Kauai BISH 6/6/1992
55 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On steeply sloping trail side PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. bishop, l.e. collector number: 2475 Kauai BISH 6/4/1972
56 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN baker, j.k. collector number: s.n. Kauai BISH 7/28/1976
57 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Lowland mesic forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN steven perlman 7035 NY 11/29/1987
58 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN j. k. baker s.n. NY 7/21/1976
59 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Cultivated plants. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 401 Kauai PTBG 5/17/1983
60 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 8168 Kauai PTBG 12/8/1997
61 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Lowland dry-mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Seana Walsh SKW623 Kauai PTBG 9/10/2018
62 Hibiscadelphus distans L.E.Bishop & Herbst Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 7035 Kauai PTBG 11/29/1987
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