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Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis

(H.St.John) Lammers (1988)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Asterales Family: Campanulaceae Genus: Clermontia

‘ōhā, ‘ōhā wai, hāhā

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs, 1.2–5 m tall, terrestrial.

Stems: Stems branched repeatedly, spreading, light gray or light brown, glabrous or rarely pubescent, with numerous helically arranged leaf scars near apex, pith solid, latex white, viscous.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades broadly elliptic, 5–7.5 cm long, 2.7–4.5 cm wide. Apex acute, acuminate, or cuspidate. Base cuneate or obtuse. Lower surfaces sparsely pubescent. Margins callose crenulate, rarely callose–serrulate. Petioles 0.5–1.2 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in peduncle 0.4–1 cm long; pedicels 1.2–2.8 cm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect), epigynous, zygomorphic, resupinate, protandrous. Perianth 4–5.5 cm long, white tinged green; tube 3.2–3.8 cm long, 0.7–1 cm in diameter; lobes 1.5–2 cm long, 3–4 mm wide. Stamens 5, syngenesious, alternate with the corolla lobes, staminal column slightly exserted, curved or arcuate; anthers connate, dithecal, opening introrsely by longitudinal slits, purple, the 3 dorsal ones a little longer than the 2 ventral ones, the latter with tufts of stiff white trichomes at apex, otherwise glabrous, or sometimes pubescent along the sutures, rarely so on the surfaces, the tube 1–1.3 cm long, 2.5–3 mm in diameter, glabrous; filaments connate above, free from the corolla, 4.5–5.5 cm long, purple or magenta, glabrous. Pollen tricolporate, prolate, ellipsoidal. Ovary inferior, 2-carpellate, 2-loculed; ovule placentation axile, placentae large; style slender, terete (cylindrical), with a ring of stiff white hairs near apex; stigma 2-lobed, the lobes appressed and non–receptive as the style grows through the anther tube, pushing out pollen, after which the stigmas spread and become receptive.

Fruit: Berries unknown. Seeds numerous; tiny; dark brown or black; minutely foveate–reticulate; shiny; with a straight; short to spatulate dicotyledonous embryo embedded in oily endosperm.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Montane rain forests.

Elevation Range: 610–1860 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Maui Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Syst. Bot. 13: 500 (1988)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:436 (EM); Lammers 1991:79 (KEY, DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros forest with understory of Dicranopteris and Diplopterygium disse ted by riparian veg associates of Cheirodendron, Acacia, Ilex, Broussaisia, Clermontia, Scaevola chamissoniana, Myrsine lessertiana, Melicope spp., Hedyotis spp., Coprosma spp., Perrottetia, shrubs of Vaccinium, Styphelia, Preserved_Specimen around 50 plants in Metrosideros-Acacia 70-80% open boggy habitat with Lycopodiella cernua, Carex alligata Wood, K.R. 12689 Maui BISH 2007-12-12
2 Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen 2.8 m tall Higashino, P.K. 9169 Maui BISH 1980-06-14
3 Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet 'ohi'a forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Viney, using Gouldia as support Preserved_Specimen Corolla white-pink; calyx & corolla same length. Higashino, P.K. 9320 Maui BISH 1980-06-30
4 Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2679 Maui BISH 1920-07-05
5 Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2679 Maui BISH 1920-07-05
6 Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis Wailuku District. Slopes of Hanaula, Pohakea Gulch, west Maui. Metrosideros wet forest. with Cheirodendron, Coprosma, Hydrangea, Pipturus, Microlepia, Sadleria, Cyanea, Clermontia arboresceens, Cyclosorus, Labordia, Tibouchina, Erigeron, Peperomia, Elaphoglossum, Asplenium, Dicranopteris Preserved_Specimen Many branched shrub 1.75 m tall, latex white; petals rose-pink, sepals cream white to light green. Oppenheimer, H.L. 82005 Maui BISH 2020-08-21
7 Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis East Maui, Hana District, Hanawi Natural Area Reserve, eastern Kuhiwa drainage basin Lowland Wet Forest. Preserved_Specimen Locally common many branched shrubs to 3 m but typically about 2 m. Flowers pendant, creamy yellowish-green. Vegetation: Metrosideros Oppenheimer, H.L. 52391 Maui BISH 2023-05-17
8 Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Along stream bank. solitary plant coming out ofmDicranopteris lin. thicket Preserved_Specimen Straggly; branching bush 6-8 ft in height. Harrison, B. 233 Maui BISH 1973-04-14
9 Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet 'ohi'a forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen 2.8m tall. Calyx same length as corolla. Higashino, P.K. 9169 Maui BISH 1980-06-14
10 Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Low shrubby wet forest; best developed in rocky drainages beyond the reach of pigs. Several plants seen. Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 3705 Maui BISH 1994-12-06
11 Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Cheirodendron-Dicranopteris montane wet forest, dissected by riparian vegetation W/ Broussaisia arguta, Myrsine sandwicensis, Dubautia plantaginea, D. scabra, Kadua affinis, K. axillaris, Scaevola chamissoniana, Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis, C. tuberculata, C. grandiflora Preserved_Specimen tree, 2 m tall, stems gray-brown, mature fruit orange and spongy Wood, K.R. 15622 Maui BISH 2013-08-20
12 Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Next to wet ground. Preserved_Specimen Small flower buds Warshauer, F.R. 2886 Maui BISH 1980-07-26
13 Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Swamp Preserved_Specimen Shrub 4-6 ft. high; calyx tube green; the lobes white and greenish Forbes, C.N. 2679 Maui BISH 1920-07-05
14 Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Branches growing through Dicranopteris on saturated soil. Vegetation: Metrosideros, Acacia, Dicranopteris, Diplopterygium, Carex, Lycopodiella, Isachne, Vaccinium. Preserved_Specimen Shrubs 1.5m+ tall. About 30 plants observed. Oppenheimer, H.L. 120707 Maui BISH 2007-12-12
15 Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros -Cheirodendron-Dicranopteris montane wet forest, dissected by riparian vegetation w/Broussaisia arguta, Myrsine sandwicensis, Dubautia plantaginea, D. scabra, Kadua affinis, K. axillaris, Scaevola chamissoniana, Clermontia samuelli subsp. hanaensis, C. tuberculata, C. grandiflora Preserved_Specimen Tree, 2 m tall, many branched fruit yellow, spongy when squeezed Wood, K.R. 15626 Maui BISH 2013-08-21
16 Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details 50% open 7 m canopy; Acacia, Metrosideros, uluhe, ohia, Cheirodendron, Ilex, Clermontia arborescens, Scaevola chamissoniana, Myrsine lessertiana, Melicope, Hedyotis, Coprosma, Perrottetia, Broussaisia, Vaccinium, Styphelia, Cyrtandra, Rubus hawaiensis, ferns, bryophytes Preserved_Specimen shrub or small tree; fruit orange yellow Wood, K.R. 11313 Maui BISH 2005-05-04
17 Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Along stream on wet cliff walls. Metrosideros-Cheirodendron trigynum wet forest with Sadleria spp., Pipturus albidus, Clermontia grandiflora, Dubautia plantaginea, Cyrtandra grayana, Broussaisia arguta, Coprosma foliosa, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Clermontia kakeana, Polyscias oah. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 2 meter ht with flowers, flower color yellow. Perlman, S. 23502 Maui BISH 2013-06-04
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