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Melicope stonei

K.R.Wood, Appelhans & W.L.Wagner (2017)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Sapindales Family: Rutaceae Genus: Melicope

alani, alani kuahiwi

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Trees (3–)5–12 m tall.

Stems: trunks up to 25 cm diameter, bark smooth, mottled gray to light brown, new growth and young branchlets tomentose, yellow–tan, glabrate in age.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades ovate, oblong–ovate, oblong–elliptic, or oblong–lanceolate, (5–)8–30 × (4–)6–11 cm. Apex obtuse to acute, occasionally rounded. Base rounded. Upper surfaces glabrous; lower surfaces densely tomentose, yellow–tan, rarely glabrate, with midrib and secondary veins densely tomentose, interspersed villous, the midrib sometimes also long–villous or woolly along the sides; Blade coriaceous. Margins entire. Secondary veins 7–15 pairs, connected by an arched vein 5–20 mm from margin, higher order venation reticulate. Petioles shallowly canaliculate, (2.5–)3.5–9.0 cm long, puberulent to tomentose. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescences in axillary and ramiflorous, fasciculate cymes to 22 mm long, peduncles 1–5(–10) mm long, short–villous, pedicles 1–4 mm, short–villous, bracteoles deltoid–ovate, 1–2 mm long, densely short–villous. Flowers unisexual, plants monoecious. Calyx of 3–5(–7) sepals; sepals deltoid–ovate, naviculate, 2.5–3.0 × 1.5–2.0 mm, densely short–villous externally, glabrous internally, tip acute, persistent in fruit. Corolla of 4 petals, petals whitish green, ovate, tip acute, slightly thickened and hooked inward, 3.5 × 2.5 mm, densely short–villous externally, glabrous internally. Stamens 8; filaments glabrous, papillose on distal half, antisepalous ones ca. 4 mm long in male flowers (1.5 mm in female flowers), antipetalous ones 3 mm long (1.5 mm in female flowers); anthers ca. 1 mm long, all with pollen in male flowers, (0.6–0.7 mm long in female, apparently sterile). Ovary superior, gynoecium 1 × 2 mm; style including stigma 1 mm long in male flowers (1.5 mm in female), glabrous; stigmas capitate, 4-lobed, papillose, 0.5 mm wide.

Fruit: Capsules medium to dark green when fresh; irregularly pusticulate; 5–9 × 15–21 mm; of 4 distinct follicles; slightly ascending; occasionally 1 or more abortive; exocarp glabrous; glandular punctate; endocarp glabrous. Seeds 1–2 per carpel; ovoid; 6–8 mm long.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Tall (15–20 m) old growth <i>Metrosideros polymorpha</i> Gaudich. (Myrtaceae); <i>Acacia koa</i> A. Gray (Fabaceae) mixed mesic forest with the occasional codominant <i>Alphitonia ponderosa</i> Hillebr. (Rhamnaceae).

Elevation Range: 970–1100 m

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: PhytoKeys 83: 121 (2017)

Other References

Wood et al. 2017:121 (SPNOV/K, DESCR, KEY)

Wood, K. R., Appelhans, M. S., & Wagner, W. L. (2017). Melicope stonei, section Pelea (Rutaceae), a new species from Kaua ‘i, Hawaiian Islands: With notes on its distribution, ecology, conservation status, and phylogenetic placement. PhytoKeys, (83), 119.

Paetzold, C., Wood, K. R., Eaton, D. A., Wagner, W. L., & Appelhans, M. S. (2019). Phylogeny of Hawaiian Melicope (Rutaceae): RAD-seq resolves species relationships and reveals ancient introgression. Frontiers in plant science, 10, 1074.

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Melicope stonei Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Mixed mesophytic forest with Acacia koa and Metrosideros polymorpha dominant. Preserved_Specimen Small tree 3 m tall. Leaves shiny & glabrous above, paler & pubescent beneath. Flower buds greenish white. Ripe fruits green, dehiscent, seeds black. Lorence, D.H. 6449 Kauai BISH 1990-05-31
2 Melicope stonei Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Mixed mesophytic forest dominated by Acacia koa with Metrosideros polymorpha, Pelea barbigera, and Alphitonia ponderosa. Preserved_Specimen Shurb of seven ft. Young leaves glossy green becoming dull, dark green with pale green midrib above, below paler. Flower buds grey-green. Fruit dark green. Flynn, T.W. 3280 Kauai BISH 1989-03-01
3 Melicope stonei Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Acacia-Metrosideros montane mesic mixed forest with Melicope barbigera, Myrsine lanaiensis, Psychotria mariniana, Nestegis sandwicensis, Pittosporum kavaiensis; rolling hills and small gullies. Preserved_Specimen Two trees in area; ca 10m tall; in rich brown soil with leaf litter; unusual form with cauliform flowers. Wood, K.R. Kauai BISH 1999-02-24
4 Melicope stonei Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Acacia montane mesic forest w/ Alphitonia ponderosa, Melicope barbigera, M. Ovata, M. Peduncularis, Psychotris greenwelliae, Dodonaea viscosa, Coprosma waimeae, C. Foliosa, Wikstroemia furcata, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Antides... Preserved_Specimen Tree, 5 m tall, 15 cm diameter near base, trunk browmn-gray, cauliflorous, in flower and immature fruit. K.R. Wood 16728 Kauai BISH 2016-01-24
5 Melicope stonei Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Acacia montane mesic to wet forest with Psychotria mariniana, P. greenwelliae, Polyscias kavaiensis, Melicope barbigera, Planchonella sandwicensis, Alphitonia ponderosa, Myrsine lanaiensis, Bobea brevipes, Coprosma waimeae Preserved_Specimen tree, 7 m tall, in early bud, cauliflorous on stems, trunk light brown, 2 trees in general area. Wood, K.R. 15319 Kauai BISH 2013-01-02
6 Melicope stonei Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Acacia montane mesic forest with Alphitonia ponderosa, Nestegis sandwicensis, Dodonaea viscosa, Psychotria mariniana, P. greenwelliae, Polyscias waimeae, Planchonella sandwicensis, Myrsine lanaiensis, Wikstroenia furcata, Kadua af Preserved_Specimen Tree, 5 meters tall, in early bud, vigorous, single tree Wood, K.R. 17805 Kauai BISH 2018-03-07
7 Melicope stonei Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Acacia montane mesic forest with Alphitonia, Pouteria, Xylosma hawaiiensis, Claoxylon, Myrsine lanaiensis, Wikstroemia furcata, Dodonaea, Kadua affinis, Melicope ovata, M. anisata, M. barbigera, Dracaena aurea, Polyscias kavaien Preserved_Specimen tree, 11 m tall, 17 cm diameter, trunk and stems medium brown, with flower and some fruit, 4 trees in immediate area, 80% closed canopy Wood, K.R. 15101 Kauai BISH 2012-07-18
8 Melicope stonei Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Acacia montane mesic forest w/ Alphitonia ponderosa, Melicope barbigera, M. Ovata, M. Peduncularis, Psychotris greenwelliae, Dodonaea viscosa, Coprosma waimeae, C. Foliosa, Wikstroemia furcata, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Antides... Preserved_Specimen Tree, 4 m tall, in flower, male tree, ca. 40 in general area K.R. Wood 16732 Kauai BISH 2016-01-28
9 Melicope stonei Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Acacia montane mesic forest w/ Alphitonia ponderosa, Melicope barbigera, M. ovata, M. peduncularis, Psychotria greenwelliae, Dodonaea viscosa, Coprosma waimeae, C. foliosa, Wikstroemia furcata, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Antidesma [truncated label] Preserved_Specimen Tree, 8 m tall, 15 cm diameter near base, trunk brown-gray, cauliflorous, 1-2 seeds per carpel Wood, K.R. 16729 Kauai BISH 2016-01-28
10 Melicope stonei Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Mixed mesic forest. Growing with Melicope peduncularis, M. barbigera, M. sp., Acacia koa, Alphitonia ponderosa, Metrosideros, Alxyia, Dodoneae, and Psidium cattlieanum. Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 1012128 Kauai BISH 1994-06-13
11 Melicope stonei Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Acacia montane mesic forests w/ Planchonella sandwicensis, Melicope ovata, M. peduncularis, M. Barbigera, Dracaena aurea, Euphorbia atrococca, Myrsine lanaiensis, Dodonaea viscosa Preserved_Specimen Tree, 12 m tall, group of 7 trees w/ seedlings, need to return for fruit on tree next to Draceana aurea K.R. Wood 19554 Kauai BISH 2024-07-11
12 Melicope stonei Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Acacia montane mesic forest w/ Alphitonia ponderosa, Melicope barbigera, M. ovata, M. peduncularis, Psychotria greenwelliae, Dodonaea viscosa, Coprosma waimeae, C. foliosa, Wikstroemia furcata, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Antidesma [truncated label] Preserved_Specimen Tree,5 m tall, in flower and some fruit, tree #44, ca 40 in general area Wood, K.R. 16731 Kauai BISH 2016-01-28
13 Melicope stonei Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Acacia montane mesic forest w Alphitonia ponderosa, Melicope barbigera, M. ovata, M. peduncularis, Psychotria greenwelliae, Dodonaea viscosa, Coprosma waimeae, C. foliosa, Wikstroemia furcata, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Antidesma_truncated Preserved_Specimen Tree, 8 m tall, 15cm diameter near base, trunk brown-gray, cauliflorous, 1-2 seeds per carpel, Wood, K.R. 16727 Kauai BISH 2016-01-24
14 Melicope stonei Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Acacia koa, Metrosideros, Pouteria sandwicensis, Psydrax odorata, Elaeocarpus, Rauvolfia, Diospyros, Perrottetia, Astelia, Santalum freycinetianum, Melicope feddei, Nestegis, Myrsine lanaiensis, Psychotria mariniana, Claoxylon, Alphitonia ponderosa, Melicope ovata, Xylosma hawaiiense Preserved_Specimen tree Wood, K.R. 9128 Kauai BISH 2001-10-07
15 Melicope stonei Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Acacia montane mesic forest w/ Alphitonia ponderosa, Melicope barbigera, M. ovata, M. peduncularis, Psychotria greenwelliae, Dodonaea viscosa, Coprosma waimeae, C. foliosa, Wikstroemia furcata, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Antidesma [truncated label] Preserved_Specimen Tree, 7 m tall, in flower along stems, ca 40 ing eneral area, cauliflorous Wood, K.R. 16726 Kauai BISH 2016-01-24
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