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Nototrichium sandwicense

(A.Gray ex H.Mann) Hillebr. (1888)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-CoreEudicot Order: Caryophyllales Family: Amaranthaceae Genus: Nototrichium

kulu‘ī [kului]

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs or small trees, branched from base or rarely a single trunk with a branched crown.

Stems: Stems (0.8–)1–4(–7) m long, 2–10 cm in diameter, silky canescent with straight, appressed hairs.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades usually elliptic, often broadly so, to ovate, broadly ovate, or lanceolate, rarely obovate, (1.5–)3–10(–13) cm long, (1–)2–4(–7.6) cm wide. Apex acuminate, acute, or obtuse, rarely retuse. Base cuneate to truncate. Surfaces usually densely pubescent with closely appressed or sometimes spreading hairs, especially on lower surface; upper surfaces usually less densely pubescent, sometimes both surfaces only sparsely pubescent or rarely glabrate. Margins entire. Pinnately veined. Petioles (3–)6–20 mm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in stout spikes 0.5–3(–5) cm long, 5–10 mm in diameter; peduncles (0.5–)2–5(–7.5) cm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect), lanceoloid to narrowly ovoid, actinomorphic; each flower subtended by a persistent bract and 2 bracteoles. Calyx of 4 sepals, equal, lanceolate to ovate, 2–3(–4) mm long, pubescent with long spreading hairs and with a large tuft of hairs at base, or rarely glabrous. Sepals subtended by an ovate, scarious bract ca. 1.5–2.5 mm long, ± with a spine ca. 2 mm long, usually densely pubescent, usually persistent on the rachis, bracteoles ovate to lanceolate, scarious, ca. 1.5–2 mm long, deciduous with the calyx and fruit. Corolla (petals) absent. Stamens 4, connate at base; anthers dithecal. Ovary superior, 2–3(4)-carpellate, the carpels connate to form a compound, 1-celled ovary; ovule placentation basal, free-central, or rarely apical; style 1, often lobed.

Fruit: Fruit an utricle; ca. 2 mm long; enclosed by the calyx. Seeds 1 per fruit; the surface usually lustrous; endosperm essentially absent.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Scattered to sometimes common in open dry forest; on exposed ridges; and lava fields on all of the main islands.

Elevation Range: 0–750 m.

Historical Distribution

Images (2)

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Synonyms (35)

Nototrichium fulvum Schinz (1931)
Nototrichium sandwicense var. decipiens Sherff (1950)
Nototrichium sandwicense var. dubium Sherff (1950)
Nototrichium sandwicense var. forbesii Sherff (1950)
Nototrichium sandwicense var. helleri Sherff (1950)
Nototrichium sandwicense var. kauaiense
Nototrichium sandwicense var. kavaiensis (A.Gray) Hillebr. (1888)
Nototrichium sandwicense var. kolekolense Sherff (1950)
Nototrichium sandwicense var. lanaiense Sherff (1950)
Nototrichium sandwicense var. lanceolatum Sherff (1950)
Nototrichium sandwicense var. latifolium Sherff (1950)
Nototrichium sandwicense var. leptopodum O.Deg. & Sherff (1950)
Nototrichium sandwicense var. longespicatum Hillebr. (1888)
Nototrichium sandwicense var. longispicatum
Nototrichium sandwicense var. macrophyllum Sherff (1950)
Nototrichium sandwicense var. mauiense O.Deg. & Sherff (1950)
Nototrichium sandwicense var. niihauense H.St.John (1959)
Nototrichium sandwicense var. olokeleanum Sherff (1950)
Nototrichium sandwicense var. pulchelloides O.Deg. & Sherff (1951)
Nototrichium sandwicense var. pulchellum Sherff (1950)
Nototrichium sandwicense var. subcordatum O.Deg. & Sherff (1950)
Nototrichium sandwicense var. syrignifolium Sherff
Nototrichium sandwicense var. syringifolium Sherff (1950)
Nototrichium viride Hillebr. (1888)
Nototrichium viride var. kalaupapae H.St.John (1980)
Nototrichium viride var. oblongifolium Sherff (1950)
Nototrichium viride var. oblongofolium Sherff
Nototrichium viride var. subtruncatum Sherff (1950)
Psilotrichum sandwicense (A.Gray) Seem.
Psilotrichum sandwicense var. kavaiensis (A.Gray) Drake (1886)
Psilotrichum sandwicense var. longespicatum (Hillebr.) Drake
Psilotrichum sandwicherse Seem. (1867)
Psilotrichum viride (Hillebr.) Drake (1892)
Ptilotus sandwicensis A.Gray (1867)
Ptilotus sandwicensis var. kavaiensis A.Gray (1867)

Uses and Culture

USES

PROPAGATION/CULTIVATION

  • The fruit of Nototrichium sandwicense are very small, about 1/16 inch in diameter and reddish. Nototrichium sandwicense is easily propagated from seeds, but it takes longer than propagating from cuttings. Sow the seeds on the surface of a mix of 1 part perlite to 1 part potting mix and water every other day. The NTBG publication (1992) states that seeds germinate in about three months. On the other hand, Lilleeng-Rosenberger's notes indicate that for one batch of fresh seed with no pretreatment 33% of the seed germinated within 1 week. (Lilleeng-Rosenberger 1996; NTBG 1992; Wagner 1990)
  • Nototrichium sandwicense grows well from cuttings. Use softwood cuttings and plant them immediately after collection. Cut off most of the upper leaves or cut them in half to reduce transpiration. Rooting hormone is not necessary, but will shorten rooting time.
  • Use a well-drained rooting medium such as clean sand, perlite, or vermiculite. NTBG suggests a mix of 3 parts perlite to 1 part vermiculite or potting soil. A humidity chamber or mist bed will speed up rooting, but is not necessary. Boche reports 50% success with stem cuttings grown in 50% shade using a medium of 3 parts cinder to 1 part perlite. Place the cuttings in the shade and water regularly. Rooting will take place in "several weeks" according to NTBG. (Boche 1992; Bornhorst 1996; Koob 1998; NTBG 1992) [Data from Herring, E. C., & Criley, R. A. (2003). The Hawaiian Native Plant Propagation Web Site: Developing a Webbased Information Resource. HortTechnology, 13(3), 545-548. https://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/hawnprop/]

Ethnobotanical Images (2)

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Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Ni'ihau(Incl. Lehua) Endemic
Kaua'i Endemic
O'ahu Endemic
Molokai Endemic
Lana'i Endemic
Kaho'olawe Endemic
Maui Endemic
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Fl. Hawaiian Isl.: 373 (1888)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:194 (Ni, K, O, Mo, L, M, Ka, H); Staples & Herbst 2005:99 (KEY), 103 (DESCR)

Occurrences (2148)

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