Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Cyperaceae Genus: Cyperus

kili‘o‘opu [kilioopu], kiolohia, mau‘u pu‘uka‘a [mauu puukaa], pu‘uka‘a [puukaa], pu‘uko‘a [puukoa], pūko‘a [pukoa]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Annuals, or sometimes apparently short-lived perennials under favorable conditions.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. alternate Blades flat, linear, usually shorter than the culm, 6–18 mm wide. Margins entire. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescences large, open, decompound, umbelliform, 10–40 cm long, 15–60 cm wide, primary rays 10–12, spreading, 6–30 cm long, usually 2–branched, the secondary rays 3–8, 2–8 cm long, tertiary rays 0–2 cm long, spikes somewhat loosely disposed, oblong-cylindrical, 2–4 cm long, 1.5–3 cm wide; involucral bracts 6–8, the lower ones 2–3 times as long as the inflorescence, up to 17 mm wide, secondary involucral bracts as long as or slightly longer than the secondary umbelliform corymb; spikelets 20–50 per tertiary ray, 10–25–flowered, spreading to reflexed, linear, subterete, 10– 25 mm long. 1–1.5 mm wide, rachilla flexuous, winged, the wings obovate, with a slightly recurved apex, ca. 1 mm long, ca. 0.7 mm wide, eventually becoming thickened and corky, tightly clasping the achene; glumes yellowish brown with darker reddish brown striations, ovate–oblong, laxly imbricate, 2–3.5 mm long, 1.2–1.5 mm wide, weakly convolute, margins hyaline, apex subacute, 7–9–nerved, midnerve green, prolonged into a terminal mucro.

Fruit: Achenes oblong–oblanceoloid to oblong–ellipsoid; trigonous; 1.5–2 mm long; ca. 0.5 mm wide.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Apparently rare in low elevation wet sites; such as margins of ponds and vernal pools; taro paddies; and along streams.

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Synonyms (89)

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Indigenous

Island Status

Kaua'i Indigenous
O'ahu Indigenous
Molokai Indigenous
Maui Indigenous
Hawai'i Indigenous

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1434 (K, O, Mo, M, H [as Torulinium odoratum subsp. auriculatum]); Tucker 1994:180/Herbst & Wagner 1999:20/Wagner & Herbst 1999:1901 (NOM:Syn. T. odoratum subsp. auriculatum)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Waileia, hike up lower valley from Kalawao, slopes on west side of valley. Non-native lowland forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 11114 Molokai PTBG 1/26/2005
2 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus olowalu valley, west maui. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 2263.m. DUKE 5/8/1920
3 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus niulii, kohala. Dry, exposed coast PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, otto 8461 EIU 8/6/1926
4 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Elev. 100-200 ft. Pritchardia hillerbrandii-Canthium odoratum coastal forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 3835 Huelo Islet PTBG 12/9/1994
5 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Nihoa Pali, north facing grey-white basalt cliffs. Schinus terebinthifolius alien mixed shrub/herb cliff. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 10597 Molokai PTBG 3/8/2004
6 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus W. Maui, offshore islet south of Puu Koae, Kahakuloa. Coastal vegetation. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 11185 Hulu Islet PTBG 4/4/2005
7 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Awaawapuhi, north facing slopes. Metrosideros-Acacia montane mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 14633 Kauai PTBG 5/5/2011
8 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus hanalei dist., kalalau rim, kalahu side below and w of 1st kalalau lookout, 300 m e of plane crash On branches of Metrosideros, in admixtures. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood 1398 Oahu BISH 11/20/1991
9 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus mokapu islet dry; Chamaesyce celastroides, Chenopodium oahuense, Diospyros sandwicensis, Osteomeles anthyllidifolia, Cassytha filiformis, Artemisia australis, Sida fallax, Plumbago zeylanica, Dianella sandwicensis, Melanthera integrifolia, Lepidium bidentatum PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wood, k.r. espaniola, j. collector number: 11717 Molokai BISH 1/10/2006
10 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener MPM 8/6/1928
11 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus MAUI: E. Maui, Moku Huki, islet off north coast, with low basalt tide-pools and rising with thick vegetation, upper knob of ridge-line covered in Sphenomeris chinensis with occasional Sadleria pallida, interspersed with Phymatosorus grossus, Osteomeles anthyllidifolia, Scaevola sericea,\nPandanus tectorius is common tree, sedges include Paspalum scrobiculatum, Carex wahuensis, Cyperus phleoides, and Cyperus polystachyos PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 11207 Maui PTBG 4/6/2005
12 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Lualualei, back of valley, access from 59th st, southern ridges of Puu Kaua. Open exposed basalt outcrops with non-native forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 10581 Oahu PTBG 2/19/2004
13 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus OAHU: Waianae Mts; drainage just NE of Puu Kalena; North of Mohiakea gulch; Alien-Native mixed vegitation; low mesic w/ Antidesma, Perrottitia, Pipturus, Pouteria, Labordia kaalae. Threats: Pigs, Rubus rosifolius, Psidium guajava, Aleurites. Elev. ca 2400 ft. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 1920 Oahu PTBG 5/13/1992
14 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus W. Maui, Ulaula and along ridge to Koai. Elev. 2600-3100 ft. Metrosideros-Styphelia Shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 4036 Maui PTBG 2/14/1995
15 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus North coast. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 9205 Huelo Islet PTBG 11/20/2001
16 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Haeleele, north facing slopes below road. Acacia koa-Metrosideros polymorpha mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 14217 Kauai PTBG 5/25/2010
17 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Chamaesyce celastroides var. amplectens - Chenopodium oahuense coastal dry shrubland w/ relictual Diospyros sandwicensis forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 11717 Mokapu Islet PTBG 1/10/2006
18 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus 'Ale'ale stack; near Pu'u Koa'e; Elev. 30-90 m. Mixed Native Coastal Shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 2152 Kahoolawe PTBG 11/24/1992
19 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Kalalau valley rim, " Peach Tree Ridge". In Metrosideros mesic cliff and forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 731 Kauai PTBG 4/15/1991
20 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Nuololo, southern branch. Metrosideros-Acacia montane mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 15006 Kauai PTBG 5/30/2012
21 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Honopu Rim. Metrosideros-Dicran. Montane Mesic Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 2833 Kauai PTBG 11/6/1993
22 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus HAWAII: Paokalani islet, 150 m offshore of Honokea Stream, 270 m long x 85 m wide dominated by invasive non-native Lantana camara and Pluchea carolinensis, natives include Chenopodium oahuense, Osteomeles anthyllidifolia, Schiedea globosa Chamaesyce celastroides var. amplectens, Cocculus orbiculatus, Eragrostis variabilis, Plectranthus parviflorus, Dodonaea viscosa, and Psydrax odorata. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 11216 Paokalani Islet PTBG 4/14/2005
23 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Kaui, West Maui, Sandwich Islands PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wilkes Explor. Exped. s.n. Maui US 1838-00-00
24 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Maui, Southeast ridge of Iao Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O.; Ordonez; Salucop, -- 12568 Maui US 7/28/1939
25 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Mokomoko Gulch, Molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 8454 Molokai US 6/7/2028
26 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Kokee, Kanalo Huluhulu Ranger Station PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F. R. 12638 Kauai US 12/27/1935
27 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Kuliouou PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Bush, W.; Topping, D. L. 3692 Hawaii US 10/29/1933
28 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus niulii, kohala, hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 8461 Hawaii US 8/6/1928
29 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Niulii, Kohala, Hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 8461 Hawaii US 8/6/2026
30 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus hoolehua, molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 8433 Molokai US 5/4/1928
31 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus talus southwest of waimanalo landing, oahu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 17572 Oahu US 4/10/1936
32 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Kuliouou Valley, Oahu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 17570 Oahu US 6/23/1935
33 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus wailau valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg & g. shigeuro 13081 Molokai US 4/19/1936
34 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus wailau valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener & k. nitta 8442 Molokai US 8/5/1928
35 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus hana district. hana, ka'uiki head, on se side of hana bay. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. w. flynn & c. lewis 2412 Maui US 10/10/1987
36 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Honokohau, West Maui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hosaka, E. Y. 1779 Maui US 2/10/1937
37 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Wailau Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O.; Nitta, K. 8442 Molokai US 8/5/2028
38 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Kauia, Olokele Gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 15200 Kauai US 10/18/2016
39 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Hoolehua, Molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 8433 Molokai US 5/4/2028
40 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus mokapu islet PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood & j. espaniola 11717 Molokai US 1/10/2006
41 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Hoolehua PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 8433 Molokai US 5/4/2028
42 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus on east olua ridge, molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 8445 Molokai US 7/17/1928
43 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Kohala, Hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 8462 Hawaii US 7/31/2026
44 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Southeast ridge of Iao Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O.; Ordonez; Salucop, -- 12568 Maui US 7/28/1939
45 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus punalua, west maui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 12569 Maui US 7/20/1939
46 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus honokohau, west maui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN e. y. hosaka 1779 Maui US 2/10/1937
47 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus wailau valley, molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 525.mo. Molokai US
48 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus kuliouou PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. bush & d. l. topping 3692 Hawaii US 10/29/1933
49 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 17503 Oahu US 5/3/1931
50 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Olowalu Valley, edge of stream, West Maui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C. N. 2263.M. Maui US 5/8/2020
51 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Kuliouou Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 17570 Oahu US 6/23/1935
52 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Wailau Valley, north coast East Molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F. R. 9678 Molokai US 1933-00-00
53 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus On East Olua ridge, Molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 8445 Molokai US 7/17/2028
54 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus maui, southeast ridge of iao valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener, ordonez & -- salucop 12568 Maui US 7/28/1939
55 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus kauia, olokele gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 15200 Kauai US 10/18/1916
56 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus maunaloa, molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 11.mo Molokai US
57 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Wailau Valley, Molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C. N. 525.Mo. Molokai US 9/12/2020
58 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Huelo Islet. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R.; Perlman, S. P.; Gemmel, C. 3835 Molokai US 12/9/1994
59 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus hoolehua PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 8433 Molokai US 5/4/1928
60 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 17503 Oahu US 5/3/1931
61 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Maunaloa, Molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C. N. 11.Mo Molokai US 6/12/2020
62 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus makawao dist, 'ale'ale stack, near puu koae PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, s. perlmann, j. lau & c. rowland 1726 Kahoolawe US 3/18/1992
63 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Halawa, Hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 8419 Hawaii US 3/23/1930
64 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Olowalu Valley, West Maui. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C. N. 2263.M. Maui US 5/8/2020
65 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. b. hillebrand 1965 Hawaii US
66 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Wailau Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F. R.; Shigeuro, G. 13081 Molokai US 4/19/1936
67 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus niulii, kohala, hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 8461 Oahu US 8/6/1926
68 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus kokee, kanalo huluhulu ranger station PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 12638 Kauai US 12/27/1935
69 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus kohala, hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 8462 Hawaii US 7/31/1926
70 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus west of waiahewahewa gulch, west molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 8447 Molokai US 4/19/1928
71 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Mokapu Islet PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R.; Espaniola, J. 11717 Molokai US 1/10/2006
72 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Niulii, Kohala, Hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 8461 Hawaii US 8/6/2028
73 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Makawao Dist, 'Ale'ale stack, near Puu Koae PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R.; Perlmann, S.; Lau, J.; Rowland, C. 1726 Kahoolawe US 3/18/1992
74 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus kaui, west maui, sandwich islands PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wilkes explor. exped. s.n. Maui US 1838-08-07
75 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus wailau valley, north coast east molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 9678 Maui US 4/7/1933
76 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Milolii Trail, Kokee PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 17642 Kauai US 1/3/1940
77 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Punalua, West Maui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 12569 Maui US 7/20/1939
78 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus halawa, hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 8419 Maui US 3/23/1930
79 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus kuliouou valley, oahu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 17570 Kauai US 6/23/1935
80 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus olowalu valley, edge of stream, west maui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 2263.m. Maui US 5/8/1920
81 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Talus southwest of Waimanalo Landing, Oahu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 17572 Oahu US 4/10/1936
82 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus mokomoko gulch, molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 8454 Molokai US 6/7/1928
83 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Hana District. Hana, Ka'uiki head, on SE side of Hana Bay. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. W.; Lewis, C. 2412 Maui US 10/10/1987
84 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Hanalei Dist., Kalalau Rim, Kalahu side below and W of 1st Kalalau Lookout, 300 m E of plane crash PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R. 1398 Kauai US 11/20/1991
85 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus southeast ridge of iao valley Metrosideros - Cibotium forest community PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener, ordonez & -- salucop 12568 Hawaii BISH 7/28/1939
86 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus West of Waiahewahewa Gulch, West Molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 8447 Molokai US 4/19/2028
87 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus huelo islet. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, s. p. perlman & c. gemmel 3835 Molokai US 12/9/1994
88 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus forestry contour rd Within research barracks. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 3588 Maui BISH 3/23/1993
89 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Mokapu Islet dry; Chamaesyce celastroides, Chenopodium oahuense, Diospyros sandwicensis, Osteomeles anthyllidifolia, Cassytha filiformis, Artemisia australis, Sida fallax, Plumbago zeylanica, Dianella sandwicensis, Melanthera integrifolia, Lepidium bidentatum PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 11717 Molokai BISH 1/10/2006
90 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Honopu Rim. Metrosideros-Dicran. Montane Mesic Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 2831 Kauai PTBG 11/6/1993
91 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus kuliouou valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 17570 Molokai BISH 6/23/1935
92 Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus Waimea District. Kula NAR, Unit C exclosure in Kula valley Acacia koa-Metrosideros mesic forest. With Xylosma hawaiiense, Planchonella sandwicensis, Psychotria greenwelliae, Scaevola procera, Nestegis sandwicensis, Ilex anomala, Syzygium sandwicensis, Myoporum sandwicense, Pleomele aurea, Kadua a PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. 23888 Kauai BISH 3/25/2014