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Bothriochloa barbinodis

(Lag.) Herter (1940)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Poaceae Genus: Bothriochloa

fuzzy top, mau‘uhaole (Ni‘ihau via St. John)

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Tufted perennials.

Stems: Culms spreading to ascending, 5–10(–15) dm tall, sometimes geniculate and often branched at base, nodes densely villous.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades linear and flat, 12–25 cm long, (2–)3–6 mm wide, midrib prominent. Surfaces scaberulous, sometimes glaucous, long–pilose at base. Margins entire. Veins parallel. Sheaths 8–12 cm long, glabrous, sometimes sparsely long hispid at throat; ligule membranous, 1– 2.5(–3) mm long, erose to lacerate. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescences silvery white, dense, paniculate, oblong or flabellate, (4–)5–10(–16) cm long, composed of numerous short–pedunculate racemes on an axis 2–6 cm long, pedicel of pedicellate spikelet 3–4 mm long, flat, margins thickened, rachis joints and pedicels long–villous, the hairs (3.5–)6–9 mm long; pedicellate spikelet reduced to a single, narrow, subcoriaceous, hirtellous glume 4.5–5 mm long, often deciduous; sessile spikelet lanceolate, (4–)5–6 mm long; glumes of sessile spikelet subequal, first glume 7–11–nerved, flat on dorsal surface, villous in lower part, scabrous in upper part, apex acuminate to narrowly truncate, second glume somewhat keeled, 3–nerved, glabrous, glossy; sterile lemma ca. ¾ as long as glumes, glabrous, membranous, apex obtuse, fertile lemma linear, ca. 4 mm long, membranous, bearing a geniculate awn 20–30 mm long, the awn twisted at base; palea vestigial. Stamens 3. Ovary superior.

Fruit: Caryopsis dark brown; ovoid to ellipsoid; 2.5–3 mm long.

Ploidy: 2n = 120; 180

Habitat: Naturalized and sometimes locally common in dry pastures and other open; dry places.

Elevation Range: 10–640 m.

Historical Distribution

Synonyms (36)

Amphilophis barbinodis (Lag.) Nash (1903)
Amphilophis emersa (E.Fourn.) Nash (1912)
Amphilophis leucopogon (Nees) Nash (1912)
Amphilophis palmeri (Hack.) Nash (1912)
Amphilophis perforata (Trin. ex E.Fourn.) Nash (1903)
Amphilophis schlumbergeri (E.Fourn.) Nash (1912)
Andropogon barbinode Lag.
Andropogon barbinodis Lag. (1816)
Andropogon barbinodis var. perforatus (Trin. ex E.Fourn.) Gould (1959)
Andropogon emersus E.Fourn. (1886)
Andropogon ischaemum var. barbinodis (Lag.) Desv. (1831)
Andropogon leucopogon Nees (1847)
Andropogon palmeri (Hack.) Gould (1957)
Andropogon perforatus Trin. ex E.Fourn. (1886)
Andropogon saccharoides (Misapplied)
Andropogon saccharoides subsp. leucopogon (Nees) Hack. (1889)
Andropogon saccharoides subvar. palmeri Hack. (1889)
Andropogon saccharoides subvar. perforatus (Trin. ex E.Fourn.) Hack. (1889)
Andropogon saccharoides subvar. typicus Hack. (1889)
Andropogon saccharoides var. barbinodis (Lag.) Hack. (1889)
Andropogon saccharoides var. perforatus (Trin. ex E.Fourn.) L.H.Dewey (1894)
Andropogon schlumbergeri E.Fourn. (1886)
Andropogon schlumbergeri var. andreae Hack. (1889)
Bothriochloa barbinodis var. palmeri (Hack.) De Wet (1968)
Bothriochloa barbinodis var. perforata (Trin. ex E.Fourn.) Gould (1959)
Bothriochloa barbinodis var. schlumbergeri (E.Fourn.) De Wet (1968)
Bothriochloa emersa (E.Fourn.) Henrard (1941)
Bothriochloa leucopogon (Nees) Pilg. (1940)
Bothriochloa palmeri (Hack.) Pilg. (1959)
Bothriochloa perforata (Trin. ex E.Fourn.) Herter (1940)
Bothriochloa schlumbergeri (E.Fourn.) Henrard (1941)
Eulalia mexicana Steud. (1854)
Holcus saccharoides var. barbinodis (Lag.) Hack. (1904)
Holcus saccharoides var. perforatus (Trin. ex E.Fourn.) Hack. (1904)
Sorghum saccharoides var. leucopogon (Nees) Kuntze (1898)
Sorghum schlumbergeri (E.Fourn.) Kuntze (1891)

Uses and Culture

USES

  • Yes

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Ni'ihau(Incl. Lehua) Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 135 (1940)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1502 (Ni, O, Mo, M); Herbst & Clayton 1998:19/Faccenda 2023c:100 (KEY); Starr et al. 2006:38 (H); Oppenheimer & Pezzillo 2024:63 (L)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Bothriochloa barbinodis Hoolehua Found growing in a dry location Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 4445 Molokai BISH 1936-09-04
2 Bothriochloa barbinodis Haleakala substation, Makawao Planted in a grass garden Preserved_Specimen Excellent growth Hosaka, E.Y. 2460 Maui BISH 1939-04-09
3 Bothriochloa barbinodis Above Kalaeokalaau Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8703 Molokai BISH 1910-04-01
4 Bothriochloa barbinodis Puu Waawaa, Hualalai. in dry semi-open pasture Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1611 Hawaii BISH 1936-09-17
5 Bothriochloa barbinodis Honolulu, Pensacola St Grass in cultivated plot Preserved_Specimen Wong, R. Oahu BISH 1941-01-08
6 Bothriochloa barbinodis [Hawaiian Islands; U.S.A.; O`ahu; Hawai`i; Honolulu] Preserved_Specimen Lee, H.A. 283 Oahu BISH 1925-04-01
7 Bothriochloa barbinodis Hawaii Experimental Station Preserved_Specimen Feather sedge or fuzzy top Rock, J.F.C. Oahu BISH 1913-01-01
8 Bothriochloa barbinodis West end Preserved_Specimen Fairly common Judd Jr., A.F. Molokai BISH 1934-10-01
9 Bothriochloa barbinodis Kaupulehu, No. Kona Pasture Preserved_Specimen Rare Hosaka, E.Y. 1528 Hawaii BISH 1936-08-22
10 Bothriochloa barbinodis East Maui, Waiopai, S slope of Haleakala Preserved_Specimen Swezey, O.H. 183 Maui BISH 1926-03-01
11 Bothriochloa barbinodis Makai Waiokoa, Kula Preserved_Specimen Baldwin, E.H. Maui BISH 1950-05-01
12 Bothriochloa barbinodis Honolulu; Koko Head Preserved_Specimen Kartawinata, K. Oahu BISH 1967-07-13
13 Bothriochloa barbinodis Hoolehua In dry pasture Preserved_Specimen Common Hosaka, E.Y. 1850 Molokai BISH 1937-04-16
14 Bothriochloa barbinodis Kuamo`o Ridge. in degraded Dodonaea Lowland Dry Shrubland. Preserved_Specimen Naturalized decumbent tufted grass; occasional. Oppenheimer, H.L. 41107 Lanai BISH 2011-04-20
15 Bothriochloa barbinodis Haleakala Substation, Makwao Planted in grass garden Preserved_Specimen Excelent growth. Hosaka, E.Y. 2460 Maui BISH 1939-04-09
16 Bothriochloa barbinodis Halulu Lake, N of On red dirt Preserved_Specimen In tufts, infl. silvery St.John, H. 23646 Niihau BISH 1949-04-01
17 Bothriochloa barbinodis Belt Rd. S of Waimea, about 2 km N from Saddle Rd. Dry roadside, full sun. Preserved_Specimen Uncommon, mixed with the dominant Cenchrus setaceus and the less common C. ciliaris. Clump forming grass, heads a fluffy, contracted panicle. Faccenda, K. 2310 Hawaii BISH 2022-03-04
18 Bothriochloa barbinodis Kaa vicinity of Kapukaloa Occasional in dry, disturbed areas. Vegetation: Degraded Dodonaea. Lowland Dry Shrubland. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 101810 Lanai BISH 2018-10-11
19 Bothriochloa barbinodis Ridge between Pia Valley and Kuli'ou'ou (closer to Pia valley). Along trail Dry sunny area at low elevations Preserved_Specimen 50-100 plants seen Faccenda, K. 2128 Oahu BISH 2021-10-23
20 Bothriochloa barbinodis N. Kohala, Waimea, Parker ranch Dry pasture Preserved_Specimen rare Penbulow, R. Hawaii BISH 1950-07-01
21 Bothriochloa barbinodis Waimea, side of rd betw town and the airport. Mauna Kea/Kohala Roadside, dry to mesic grassland. Associated vegetation: Pennisetum setaceum. Preserved_Specimen Erect grass, 1m ht. Starr, F. 407236 Hawaii BISH 2004-07-23
22 Bothriochloa barbinodis Kau, Naolehu. Dry pasture. Rare, local patch Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 3595 Hawaii BISH 1949-10-02
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