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Alnus nepalensis

D.Don (1825)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Fagales Family: Betulaceae Genus: Alnus

Nepal alder

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Trees to 15 m tall; bark gray or dark gray, smooth, deciduous.

Stems: Branchlets dark brown, sparsely yellow pubescent when young, glabrescent. Buds stipitate, with 2 glabrous, ribbed scales.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades obovate–lanceolate, obovate–oblong, ovate, or elliptic, 4–16 × 2.5–10 cm. Apex abrupt or acute, rarely acuminate. Base cuneate or broadly cuneate, rarely subrounded. Upper surfaces glabrous; lower surfaces with dense, resinous glands, yellow pubescent along veins, bearded in axils of lateral veins. Margins entire or remotely minutely serrate. Veins pinnate, lateral veins 8–16 on each side of midvein. Petioles robust, 1–2.5 cm, subglabrous. Stipules present.

Flowers: Flowers in female inflorescences numerous, in a panicle, ellipsoid, 2–2.2 cm × 7–8 mm; peduncle robust, 2–8 mm, glabrous; bracts ca. 4 mm, woody, persistent, base cuneate, apex rounded, 5-lobed. male inflorescence elongate, pendulous, cylindric, with numerous overlapping bracts, each bract subtending several bracteoles and 3 flowers; calyx 4-lobed; stamens (1–)4; anthers 2-loculed, thecae connate, apex glabrous. Flowers unisexual and plants monoecious. Calyx (sepals) 4-lobed in staminate plants; absent in pistillate plants. Corolla (petals) absent. Stamens 4. Ovary superior.

Fruit: Nutlets 2 in each bract axil; oblong; ca. 2 mm; compressed; with membranous wings ca. ½ as wide as nutlet. Seeds 1 per fruit; with straight embryo; without endosperm.

Ploidy: 2n = 28; 56

Habitat: Riverbanks or village margins; often forming pure stands.

Elevation Range: 200–2800 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Only found in cultivation
O'ahu Only found in cultivation
Molokai Naturalized
Hawai'i Only found in cultivation

Dispersal Agents

Wind
Forestry

Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 58 (1825)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:386 (Mo? [possibly naturalizing]); Wysong et al. 2007:3 (NEWNAT/Mo)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Upper Hamakua Ditch Trail. Elev. 3600-3900 ft. Metrosideros dominated wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 3952 Hawaii PTBG 5/26/1990
2 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Molokai Forest Reserve, Kamoku Flats area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D. R.; Spence, G. 5111 Molokai US 11/13/1974
3 Alnus nepalensis D.Don NW part of Hawaii, Kohala Forest Reserve, Kohala Mts., 5 mi N of Waimea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Little Jr., E. L. 31073 Hawaii US 8/18/1976
4 Alnus nepalensis D.Don South Kohala District, Waiaka, Kohala Mt. Forest Reserve. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D. R.; Spence, G. 5488 Hawaii US 9/25/1975
5 Alnus nepalensis D.Don South Kohala District: Kohala Mts., Kohala Forest Reserve, Upper Hamakua Ditch Trail, near the head of Alakahi Stream Planted along ditch in wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lammers, T.G. 5754 Hawaii BISH 6/23/1985
6 Alnus nepalensis D.Don s kohala dist., upper hamakua ditch trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. w. flynn, r. ornduff, r. gustafson & k. wilson 3952 Hawaii US 5/26/1990
7 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Along jeep road past Waikolu Lookout PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J.; Kores, P. 58 Molokai US 10/8/1978
8 Alnus nepalensis D.Don east part of molokai, molokai forest reserve, road up west side. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN e. l. little jr. 31216 Molokai US 9/15/1976
9 Alnus nepalensis D.Don molokai forest reserve, kamoku flats area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. r. herbst & g. spence 5111 Molokai US 11/13/1974
10 Alnus nepalensis D.Don East part of Molokai, Molokai Forest Reserve, road up west side. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Little Jr., E. L. 31216 Molokai US 9/15/1976
11 Alnus nepalensis D.Don along jeep road past waikolu lookout PRESERVED_SPECIMEN j. davis & p. kores 58 Kauai US 10/8/1978
12 Alnus nepalensis D.Don S Kohala Dist., Upper Hamakua Ditch Trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. W.; Ornduff, R.; Gustafson, R.; Wilson, K. 3952 Hawaii US 5/26/1990
13 Alnus nepalensis D.Don south kohala district, waiaka, kohala mt. forest reserve. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. r. herbst & g. spence 5488 Hawaii US 9/25/1975
14 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Above Waimea. Beyond 1st reservoir Forest planting. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. s.n. Hawaii BISH 10/4/1958
15 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Kalaupapa; Kamakou Preserve, forest road on W rim of Waikolu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wysong, M.L. 473 Molokai BISH 11/22/2004
16 Alnus nepalensis D.Don nw part of hawaii, kohala forest reserve, kohala mts., 5 mi n of waimea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN e. l. little jr. 31073 BRU 8/18/1976
17 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Growing along road to State Park near Hanalilolilo Trail Also planted along the road are Cunninghamia, Sugi, Cuba bast, and Podocarpus. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. 845 Molokai BISH 5/27/1982
18 Alnus nepalensis D.Don growing along road to state park near hanalilolilo trail Also planted along the road are Cunninghamia, Sugi, Cuba bast, and Podocarpus. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN davis, j. cuddihy, l.w. collector number: 845 Molokai BISH 5/27/1982
19 Alnus nepalensis D.Don In a state Forestry planting between Puu Lala and Waima Valley along the upper Hamakua Ditch Trail Plantings were damaged by the recent heavy winds - many windfalls and large amount of new detritus. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Clarke, G. Collector Number: 296 Hawaii BISH 1/13/1980
20 Alnus nepalensis D.Don south kohala district: kohala mts., kohala forest reserve, upper hamakua ditch trail, near the head of alakahi stream PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lammers, t.g. wagner, w.l.; weller, s.; davis, j.; sakai, a.; mill, s. collector number: 5754 Oahu BISH 6/23/1985
21 Alnus nepalensis D.Don South Kohala District, Waiaka PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 5488 Hawaii BISH 9/25/1975
22 Alnus nepalensis D.Don H.L.Lyon Arboretum Tree. Section 23, Row 7, Tree 3 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 4010 Oahu BISH 4/22/1974
23 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Molokai Forest Reserve. Kamoku Flats area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 5111 Molokai BISH 11/13/1974
24 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Kamakou Preserve mesic forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Annable, C.R. 3797 Molokai BISH 2/6/1998
25 Alnus nepalensis D.Don in a state forestry planting between puu lala and waima valley along the upper hamakua ditch trail Plantings were damaged by the recent heavy winds - many windfalls and large amount of new detritus. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN clarke, g. collector number: 296 Hawaii BISH 1/13/1980
26 Alnus nepalensis D.Don molokai forest reserve. kamoku flats area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. spence, g. collector number: 5111 Molokai BISH 11/13/1974
27 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Lihue District, Land of Wailua, Lihue-Koloa Forest Reserve, along jeep road to irrigation intake dam on north fork of Wailua River PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 5556 Kauai BISH 11/17/1975
28 Alnus nepalensis D.Don south kohala district, waiaka PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. spence, g. collector number: 5488 Hawaii BISH 9/25/1975
29 Alnus nepalensis D.Don above waimea. beyond 1st reservoir Forest planting. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: s.n. Hawaii BISH 10/4/1958
30 Alnus nepalensis D.Don In a state Forestry planting between Puu Lala and Waima Valley along the upper Hamakua Ditch Trail Plantings were damaged by the recent heavy winds - many windfalls and large amount of new detritus. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Clarke, G. 296 Hawaii BISH 1/13/1980
31 Alnus nepalensis D.Don along jeep road past the waikolu lookout Introduced; growing along jeep road. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN davis, j. kores, p. collector number: 58 Molokai BISH 10/8/1978
32 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Kamakou Preserve mesic forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Annable, C.R. Crombie, R.; Naeloe, B. Collector Number: 3797 Molokai BISH 2/6/1998
33 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Honolulu, Koko Crater Mesic forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN C. R. Annable 3797 Oahu HAPI 2/6/1998
34 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Pepeekeo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fung, A.F. s.n. Hawaii BISH 12/22/1944
35 Alnus nepalensis D.Don pepeekeo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fung, a.f. collector number: s.n. Hawaii BISH 12/22/1944
36 Alnus nepalensis D.Don upper kaunakakai gulch From old forestry plantings along unimproved rd and possibly sparingly naturalized. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h110603 Molokai BISH 11/1/2006
37 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Growing along road to State Park near Hanalilolilo Trail Also planted along the road are Cunninghamia, Sugi, Cuba bast, and Podocarpus. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. Cuddihy, L.W. Collector Number: 845 Molokai BISH 5/27/1982
38 Alnus nepalensis D.Don kamakou preserve mesic forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN annable, c.r. crombie, r.; naeloe, b. collector number: 3797 Molokai BISH 2/6/1998
39 Alnus nepalensis D.Don kohala, at head of alakahi valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. collector number: 20059 Oahu BISH 8/27/1949
40 Alnus nepalensis D.Don kohala forest reserve, kohala mts., 5 miles north of waimea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN little jr., e.l. collector number: 31073 Oahu BISH 8/18/1976
41 Alnus nepalensis D.Don lihue district, land of wailua, lihue-koloa forest reserve, along jeep road to irrigation intake dam on north fork of wailua river PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. spence, g. collector number: 5556 Kauai BISH 11/17/1975
42 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Upper Kaunakakai Gulch From old forestry plantings along unimproved rd and possibly sparingly naturalized. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H110603 Molokai BISH 11/1/2006
43 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Upper Kaunakakai Gulch. From old forestry plantings along unimproved road and possible sparingly naturalized. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H110603 Molokai PTBG 11/1/2006
44 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Kohala, At head of Alakahi Valley Rainswept plateau. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 20059 Hawaii BISH 8/27/1949
45 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Lihue District: land of Wailua, Lihue-koloa Forest Reserve, along jeep road to irrigation intake dam on North Fork of Wailua River Forestry planting. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 5556 Kauai BISH 11/17/1975
46 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Molokai Forest Reserve, road up W. side Introduced. Metrosideros forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Little Jr., E.L. 31216 Molokai BISH 9/15/1976
47 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Upper Kaunakakai Gulch From old forestry plantings along unimproved rd and possibly sparingly naturalized. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H110603 Molokai BISH 11/1/2006
48 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Kohala Forest Reserve, Kohala Mts., 5 miles north of Waimea In Plantation, introduced. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Little Jr., E.L. 31073 Hawaii BISH 8/18/1976
49 Alnus nepalensis D.Don h.l.lyon arboretum tree. section 23, row 7, tree 3 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. allerton, j.; hobdy, r.w.; harrison, b.; corn, c.; lamoureux, c.h.; bishop, l.e.; palmer, d.d.; palmer, f. collector number: 4010 Oahu BISH 4/22/1974
50 Alnus nepalensis D.Don molokai. kamakou preserve Mesic forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. r. annable 3797 NY 2/6/1998
51 Alnus nepalensis D.Don molokai forest reserve, road up w. side Introduced. Metrosideros forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN little jr., e.l. collector number: 31216 Molokai BISH 9/15/1976
52 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Along jeep road past the Waikolu Lookout Introduced; growing along jeep road. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. 58 Molokai BISH 10/8/1978
53 Alnus nepalensis D.Don kalaupapa; kamakou preserve, forest road on w rim of waikolu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wysong, m.l. collector number: 473 BISH 11/22/2004
54 Alnus nepalensis D.Don Molokai. Kamakou Preserve Mesic forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN C. R. Annable 3797 NY 2/6/1998
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