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Santalum pyrularium

A.Gray (1859)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Santalopsida Order: Santalales Family: Santalaceae Genus: Santalum

‘iliahi [iliahi], lā‘au ala, sandalwood

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Small tree, or shrubby tree, evergreen, usually 1–5 m in height.

Stems: Single or multiple stems.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades narrowly to broadly elliptic, ovate, to oblong (rarely conduplicate–falcate); (3.6–)5.4–7.8(–9.4) cm long × (1.2–)2.1–3.2 (–3.8) cm wide. Apex acute to obtuse (rarely acuminate). Base cuneate or rounded. More glaucous Lower surfacely, surfaces not much paler on Lower surface; evergreen, simple medium to dark green, chartaceous to coriaceous. Margins entire, flat (rarely wavy). Lateral veins apparent on both surfaces of the leaf, yellowish to bright purple. Petioles (5.9–)7.8–12.6(–15.7) mm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescences cymes, sparse, axillary (rarely terminal); pedicels (1.0–)1.1–2.7 (–3.1) mm long; bracts 1–4 mm, not persistent. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx (sepals) absent. Corolla of 4 petals; petals cream to purple throughout, or greenish with purple interior; floral–tubes campanulate to cylindrical, 3.6–8.5(–13.0) mm long × (2.6–)2.9–4.3(–4.4) mm wide, with vertical keel below each lobe; concave with thickened margins, papillate, (3.4–)4.2–5.6(–5.8) mm long × (2.0–)2.4–3.3 (–3.7) mm wide. Stamens 4, hairs proximal to the filaments (rarely hairs distal). Ovary partly inferior (approx. 2/3); stigma lobes 3.

Fruit: Drupes elliptic; with subapical ring; 15–22 mm long. Seeds muricate; with pointed beak on one end.

Ploidy:

Habitat: In mesic (summer dry) forest communities; partial to full shade; occasionally in wet forest communities and bog margins.

Elevation Range: 270–1,400 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 4: 327 (1859)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1221 (K [as S. freycinetianum var. pyrularium]); Harbaugh et al. 2010:836 (Syn. S. f. var. pyrularium = S. pyrularium, KEY, DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details leaves dark green, dull, 3+ x 1.5+; no flowers; fruit round, ~3/4 diam. Preserved_Specimen Beardsley, J.W. 1 Kauai BISH 1959-08-20
2 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details open koa forest Preserved_Specimen 15' tree, flowers green outside, white turning red inside St.John, H. 13753 Kauai BISH 1933-12-27
3 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details steep wooded slope Preserved_Specimen 5 m tree, flowers green outside pale green turning dark inside Fosberg, F.R. 12657 Kauai BISH 1915-12-28
4 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details moist forest Preserved_Specimen 8 m tree; young growth reddish; flowers greenish or slightly reddish; stigma 3-4 lobed; perianth inner lobes leaves glossy above, slightly glaucous beneath Fosberg, F.R. 12634 Kauai BISH 1935-12-28
5 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details moist wooded n.w. facing slope. Preserved_Specimen 5m tree. St.John, H. 23029 Kauai BISH 1947-12-24
6 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Diverse Mesic Forest W/Metrosidros polymorpha, Bobea, Xylosma, Cibotium, Dicranopteris, Myporum, Freycinetia, Zanthoxylum dipetalum, Pisonia, Pouteria sandwicensis, Psychotria mariniana, Diospyros hillebrandii, d. D. sandwicensis Preserved_Specimen Tree 8 ft tall in Uluhe. Fruit dark purple w/4 ridges. Lvs folded upward, margins udulating. Tangalin, N. 3234 Kauai BISH 2012-07-26
7 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details matting fern ridge; Santalum freycinetianum, Kadua affinis, Coprosma waimeae, Metrosideros polymorpha, Dodonaea viscosa, Dianella sandwicensis, Pteridium decompositum, Scaevola procera, Xylosma hawaiiense, Psychotria mariniana, Ilex anomala, Bobea elatior, Pouteria sandwicensis, Syzygium sandwicensis Preserved_Specimen 2-7 m tree; trunk dark brown, brown red tinge, well branched, stems lax; leaves medium to light green translucent; corolla white or reddish with age Wood, K.R. 12482 Kauai BISH 2007-08-09
8 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details mesic to wet native forest; with Tetraplasandra kavaiensis, T. waimeae, Cheirodendron, Pritchardia, Metrosideros Preserved_Specimen 15 m tree; flowers reddish, fruit purple Gagné, W.C. 552 Kauai BISH 1970-08-25
9 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details steep slope, dry forest Preserved_Specimen 10' shrub, flowers greenish outside, reddish inside St.John, H. 13841 Kauai BISH 1933-12-28
10 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Acacia montane mesic forest, w/ Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Santalum freycinetianum, Alphitonia, Dodonaea, Psychotria mariniana, Kadua affinis, Xylosma hawaiiensis, Myrsine lanaiensis, Diospyros sandwicensis, Pleomele aurea, with f Preserved_Specimen Tree, 2.5 m tall, leaves smaller than usual, petioles red, corolla white, occasional Wood, K.R. 14574 Kauai BISH 2011-03-26
11 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dry ridge Preserved_Specimen 5-7' bushes Hosaka, E.Y. 1652 Kauai BISH 1936-11-02
12 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dry, open ridge Preserved_Specimen small shrubby tree with glossy, pale green foliage; young leaves violet; flowers whitish Herbst, D.R. 1093 Kauai BISH 1968-04-27
13 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details forest Preserved_Specimen 5 m tree; flowers greenish, reddish within Webster, G.L. 18304 Kauai BISH 1973-07-08
14 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details top of cliff, trailside clearing in wet forest of Metrosideros polymorpha Preserved_Specimen ~4' shrub; inner side of calyx red Hatheway, W.H. 130 Kauai BISH 1950-02-07
15 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details forest with Rubus, Psychotria, Myrica, Osmanthus Preserved_Specimen 25' tree; leaves yellow green, glaucous below; flowers yellow green outside, inside turning red with age Henrickson, J.S. 4047 Kauai BISH 1969-07-01
16 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Dicranopteris linearis wet forest Broussaisia arguta, Cibotium spp., Sadleria cyatheoides, Ilex anomala, Cheirodendron trigynum, Pipturus albidus, Scaevola procera, Freycinetia arborea Preserved_Specimen Large, 2x trunk, sprawling... [illegible] SEE PHOTO OF FIELDBOOK IN DATABASE RECORD N. Tangalin 3813 Kauai BISH 2014-06-06
17 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details full sun Preserved_Specimen 5' tree Clarke, G. 176 Kauai BISH 1980-04-09
18 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details on trail, with native shrubs Preserved_Specimen 4-6' shrub or tree Pearsall, G.A. 410 Kauai BISH 1959-07-10
19 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dryland forest Preserved_Specimen 12' tree, flowers pale yellow green Christensen, C. 183 Kauai BISH 1977-04-15
20 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details open bog Preserved_Specimen 1 m shrub; bud green Fosberg, F.R. 12783 Kauai BISH 1936-01-03
21 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Lowland Diospyros mixed mesic summer dry forest w/ Metrosideros polymorpha, Nestegis sandwicensis, Pteralyxia kauaiensis, Alectryon macrococcus, Pisonia sandwicensis, Dodonaea viscosa, Antidesma platyphylla, Myrsine lanaiensis, Psychotria greenwell Preserved_Specimen Tree, 8 m tall, trunk brown-black, corolla cream-green with red tinge, petiole reddish,, common. Wood, K.R. 16107 Kauai BISH 2014-09-23
22 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Mesophytic koa forest. Preserved_Specimen Tree to 7 meters in height; dbh 10 inches. Leaves opposite; elliptic-oblong; to 10cm by 3cm. Inflors. axillary panicles. Flowers to 1.5cm long. Spence, G. 191 Kauai BISH 1973-07-24
23 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details with ohia, koa, Myrica Preserved_Specimen 8' tree Flynn, T.W. 429 Kauai BISH 1983-06-02
24 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Disturbed Metrosideros-A.Koa-Dicronopteris Lowland forest with Metrosideros, Acacia koa, Clidemia, Melaleuca quinquenervia, Cordyline, Nephrolepis, Blechnum, Elephantopus, Bidens, Diospyros sandwicensis, Psidium catteianum,. Psidium guajava, Bidens forbesii, C Preserved_Specimen Small tree off of trail. Leaves red new, glaucous older Tangalin, N. 3728 Kauai BISH 2014-03-13
25 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Acacia koa- Metrosideros mesic forest. With Nestegis sandwicensis, Santalum pyrularium, Pleomele aurea, Dodonaea viscosa, Planchonella sandwicensis, Bobea brevipes, Melicope barbigera, Leptecophylla, Rubus argustus, Lantana camara, Corenoca Preserved_Specimen Scattered small trees and shrubs, 3-4 meter ht with fruit and flower Perlman, S. 23029 Kauai BISH 2012-10-02
26 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Kauai lowland ohia/uluhe (Metrosideros/Dicranopteris) fern forest: Dicranopteris linearis, Eucalyptus robusta, Metrosideros polymorpha var. Glaberrima, Santalum pyrularium, Araucaria columnaris, Pandanus tectorius, Melaleuca quinquenervia, Melastoma candidum, Grevill... Preserved_Specimen Tree to 6 m tall and wide, many in vicinty along crest of ridge and upper slopes, emerging from the surrounding uluhe in full sun. Fruits green, inferior, flowers greenish white, no hint of pink or red. Leaves darker above, lighter below, slightly involute. A.M. Williams 858 Kauai BISH 2025-03-07
27 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details side of ravine, dense woods; with Wikstroemia, Pelea, Metrosideros, Bobea Preserved_Specimen Pearsall, G.A. 449 Kauai BISH 1959-07-02
28 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details moist forest Preserved_Specimen 3 m shrub, flowers turning reddish inside, stigma 3-4 lobed Fosberg, F.R. 12709 Kauai BISH 1935-12-29
29 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Montane mixed dry to mesic forest, just below Metrosiderous- Acacia forest w/ Diospyros sandwicensis, Chrysodracon cf. stenophylla (=aurea), Myrsine lanaiensis, Planchonella sandwicensis, Cryptocarya mannii, Myoporum sandwicensis, Nestegis sandwicensis, Psydrax odorata, Zant Preserved_Specimen Tree, 5 m tall, trunk black-brown rough textured, corolla cream white or red Wood, K.R. 16463 Kauai BISH 2015-06-04
30 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros mixed mesic forest. W/Acacia koaia, Dicranopteris linearis, Psychotria mariniana, Bobea elatior, Hibiscus clayi, Pisonia sandwicensis, Bidens forbesii, Pleomele aurea, Ochrosia kauaiensis, Euphorbia celastroides var. am Preserved_Specimen tree, 3 m tall, flowers white, occasional Wood, K.R. 14714 Kauai BISH 2011-07-17
31 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dry Preserved_Specimen 8' tree; perianth green outside, lobes red inside, anthers red, pistil green Crosby, M.R. 2023 Kauai BISH 1964-08-13
32 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros with Santalum, Dodonaea, Dicranopteris, Antidesma, Alphitonia, Psychotria, Pittosporum. Preserved_Specimen Tree, 5 m tall, with frt, occasional. Wood, K.R. 14191 Kauai BISH 2010-04-11
33 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details forest Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 1834 Kauai BISH 1909-02-14
34 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet forest Preserved_Specimen 5 m tree, flowers green turning red outside Fosberg, F.R. 12659 Kauai BISH 1915-12-28
35 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details uluhe, ohia Preserved_Specimen 3 m Takeuchi, W.N. 83 Kauai BISH 1982-11-13
36 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details mixed mesophytic forest with Acacia koa, Metrosideros, Pelea, Antidesma, Nestegis, Hedyotis Preserved_Specimen 2 m tree, petioles orange, fruit green, 1-seeded Lorence, D.H. 5218 Kauai BISH 1987-05-15
37 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Transition between wet and dry forest. Preserved_Specimen Tree, 8-10in. dia. at base; flowers green (Sktsbg.says red); fruits red at maturity. desribes for the species, and are larger than any in US collections. Stern, W.L. 1278 Kauai BISH 1961-08-01
38 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details partially cleared forest with shrubs, trees, dense grass Preserved_Specimen 5 m x 6 cm tree, leaves shining yellow green above, dull and glaucous beneath, unripe fruit green, then red, ripe fruit blackish violet Stauffer, H.U. 5879 Kauai BISH 1964-04-11
39 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing beside trail along with Diospyros ferrea and Wikstroemia sp. Preserved_Specimen Small tree. Flowers green. Cuddihy, L.W. 305 Kauai BISH 1980-04-09
40 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details open, dry ridge Preserved_Specimen 9' shrub; flowers green to dark red inside; stems very brittle Crosby, M.R. 2004 Kauai BISH 1964-08-12
41 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dry Preserved_Specimen 10 m tree MacDaniels, L.H. 797 Kauai BISH 1927-02-18
42 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On Milolii Ridge road, tree taken out by fallen dead koa. Located on steep side of road (road ~ 10 degree, side of road about 5o degrees). Road facing west, slope facing south. Primarily Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Dodonea viscosa, Metrosideros polymorpha, Psidium cattleyanum cover. Preserved_Specimen 4 cm DBH, ~20 ft height, healthy flowering seeding. Pale greenish yellow leaves. Brines, E. 131202301 Kauai BISH 2023-01-31
43 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Forest of Metrosideros, Styphelia, Lantana, Rubus and planted Acacia koa. Preserved_Specimen Small tree of 18ft. Flynn, T.W. 2744 Kauai BISH 1988-02-02
44 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Assoc. with koa, Cyanea, and Metrosideros. Preserved_Specimen Young foliage purplish; flowers white or purple; fruit red. Herbst, D.R. 1036 Kauai BISH 1968-04-07
45 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details open shrub with Gleichenia Preserved_Specimen 3 m treelet, bush crown; flowers green outside, petals purple, fruit green, unripe van Balgooy, M.M.J. 4219 Kauai BISH 1982-05-20
46 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Degraded Koa/Ohia Montane Mesic Forest. Metrosideros polymorpha var. glaberrima, Cheirodendron trigynum subsp. helleri, Acacia melanoxylon, Acacia mearnsii, Psidium cattleianum, Hedychium gardnerianum, Rubus argutus Preserved_Specimen Largest of a group of three trees immediately next to (NW side) Camp 10 road. Tree is 8.8m tall, with 20.2cm dbh. Lots of purple black ripe fruit in canopy and on ground. Buds and flowers also present, along with unripe green fruits. Williams, A.M. 596 Kauai BISH 2019-06-28
47 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details forest bog interface Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 33 Kauai BISH 1982-10-16
48 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Dicranopteris lowland windward Preserved_Specimen Forest Bobea, Cyanea, Psydrax, Psychotria, Myrsine, Polyscias oahuensis, Peperomia, Sphenomeris chinensis Tangalin, N. 2848 Kauai BISH 2011-09-28
49 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details ridge Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10805 Kauai BISH 1930-12-28
50 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details open Metrosideros forest, with tangled Gleichenia on flat top Preserved_Specimen small tree, leaves bright green, midveins and petioles red, flowers green without, turning dark red within Fosberg, F.R. 64313 Kauai BISH 1984-03-31
51 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Degraded Dry-Mesic Forest Grevillea robusta, Metrosideros polymorpha var. glabberima, Melia azedarach, Acacia koa, Melicope spp., Lantana camara Preserved_Specimen Solitary tree approximately 6.5 meters tall, with 28 cm. dbh, on northwest facing mid slope. Covered in ripe purple fruits, swollen by recent rains, and some full-size green fruits, buds and flowers. Leaves with slightly involute margins, flowers both light green and red internally. Williams, A.M. 648 Kauai BISH 2020-07-22
52 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Acacia koa-Metrosideros mesic forest. With Xylosma hawaiiense, Planchonella sandwicensis, Psychotria greenwelliae, Scaevola procera, Nestegis snadwicensis, Ilex anomaia, Syzyglum sandwicensis, Sadleria. Weeds: Passiflora mollissima Preserved_Specimen Small tree 4 meter ht with flowers and fruit Perlman, S. 23321 Kauai BISH 2013-03-06
53 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Partially cleared with shrubs and trees and dense grassy undergrowth. Preserved_Specimen tree 6m, diameter of the trunk at base 10cm, bark grey, longitudinally fissured, leaves yellowgreen, shining above, dull and somewhat glaucous beneath, receptable green outside, cream-colored inside in anthesis, red later, thecae reddish-brown, style and stigma pale green, unripe fruit green, ripe fruit blackish violet; rather frequent locally, specimen from flowering and fruiting tree. Stauffer, H.U. 5879 Kauai BISH 1963-01-01
54 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details beginning of 2nd bog Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 2179 Kauai BISH 1971-10-03
55 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Diverse mesic forest. With Metrosideros polymorpha, Dodonaea viscosa, Psychotria mariniana and Kadua affinis forming 5 m patch canopy. Preserved_Specimen Tree 4 m tall. Yellow fls. Red petioles and midribs. Trauernicht, C. 725 Kauai BISH 2009-02-02
56 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Forest edge Preserved_Specimen Tree, 8 dia., 30 ft. high. Sepals green outside, greenish-cream inside. Calyx tube green outside. Wood slightly aromatic, hard. Stern, W.L. 3163 Kauai BISH 1974-04-08
57 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details near rim Preserved_Specimen Cranwell, L.M. 2835 Kauai BISH 1938-08-12
58 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dry open ridge Preserved_Specimen small, shrubby tree with glossy, pale green foliage; young leaves somewhat violet; flowers whitish Herbst, D.R. 1093 Kauai BISH 1968-04-27
59 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details forest edge with shrubs and trees Preserved_Specimen 6 m x 15 cm tree, branches pendent; bark gray, longitudinally fissured; leaves shing dark green above, lighter green, dull and glaucous beneath; petiole with reddish tint; tepals inside cream in anthesis, becoming red later; thecae brown; disc pale yellow; style pale green; ripe fruit black violet, glaucous Stauffer, H.U. 5877 Kauai BISH 1964-04-11
60 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Acacia montane mixed mesic forrest , summer dry w/ Diospyros sandwicensis, Chrysodracon aurea, Myrsine lanaiensis, Planchonella sandwicensis, Cryptocarya mannii, Myoporum sandwicensis, Nestegis sandwicensis, Psydrax odorata, Preserved_Specimen Tree, 7 m tall, leaves bradly ovate, flower petals white or red, occasional to common. Wood, K.R. 18333 Kauai BISH 2019-11-20
61 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dry ridge Preserved_Specimen ~8' shrub; flowers green to red inside; stems brittle Crosby, M.R. 2007 Kauai BISH 1964-08-12
62 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dry mixed forest Preserved_Specimen 10 m tree MacDaniels, L.H. 813 Kauai BISH 1927-02-17
63 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details mesic forest Preserved_Specimen 50-60' tree Stone, B.C. 1596 Kauai BISH 1956-12-29
64 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details moist forest Preserved_Specimen 3-4 m shrub, flowers green, turning red inside, stigma 3-4 lobed Fosberg, F.R. 12708 Kauai BISH 1935-12-29
65 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet forest Preserved_Specimen 4 m tree, flowers green turning reddish inside Fosberg, F.R. 12751 Kauai BISH 1936-01-03
66 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details forest with shrubs, trees, dense grass Preserved_Specimen 6 m x 10 cm tree, bark gray, longitudinally fissured, leaves yellowgreen, shinning above, dull and glaucous beneath, receptacle green, tepals green outside, cream inside in anthesis, red later, thecae reddish brown, style and stigma pale green, unripe fruit green, ripe fruit blackish violet Stauffer, H.U. 5879 Kauai BISH 1964-04-11
67 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dry windswept ridge Preserved_Specimen 5 m x 1.5 dm tree; flowers greenish St.John, H. 22985 Kauai BISH 1947-12-24
68 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Mixed Dicranoptersis Ridge Dicranopteris linearis, Acacia Koa, Psidium cattleianum, Melaleuca sp., and Araucaria columnaris. Preserved_Specimen Tree ro 32 feet with three main trunks. Bark is dark grey and covered in various lichens. The distal ends of the branches corkscrew. Leaves are glossy green on the adaxial surface and matte light green on the abaxial surface with purple-red perioles and a midrib that fades to yellow-green as you move to the proximal Adams, J. 50 Kauai BISH 2014-06-22
69 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Common along dry portion of ridge. Preserved_Specimen Shrub to approximately 8 feet tall. Flowers green to red inside; stems brittle. Crosby, M.R. 2007 Kauai BISH 1964-08-12
70 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details forest with Rubus, Psychotria, Myrica, Osmanthus Preserved_Specimen 25' tree; leaves yellow green, glaucous below; flowers yellow green outside, inside turning red with age Henrickson, J.S. 4047 Kauai BISH 1969-08-01
71 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Moist lower forest. Preserved_Specimen tree 7m 10cm. St.John, H. 23189 Kauai BISH 1948-01-01
72 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In bog. Preserved_Specimen All chlorotic, rarely flowering and fruiting. Herbst, D.R. 2423 Kauai BISH 1972-05-22
73 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details with Grevillea Preserved_Specimen ~2 m shrub; mature fruit maroon Fay, J.J. 237 Kauai BISH 1974-10-31
74 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Dicranopteris montane mesic to wet forest. W/ Broussaisia arguta, Kauda affinis, Melicope spp, Psychotria mariniana, Coprosma waimeae, rich fern undersotry with Asplenium insiticeum, A. polyodon, Athyrium microphyllum, Diplazium sandwichianum Preserved_Specimen tree, 5 m tall, leaves light green, inner corolla white, outer red, small population along ridge and in forested slopes Wood, K.R. 14362 Kauai BISH 2010-11-17
75 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details shrubland Preserved_Specimen 0.5-12 m shrub, decumbent or low-branched tree; leaves light green, petioles red; flowers light yellow or green, with faint fragrance; fruit immature, light green van Royen, P. 11757 Kauai BISH 1977-09-24
76 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In Acacia koa - Metrosideros mesic forest with Xylosma hawaiiense, Alphitonia ponderosa, Pleomele aurea, Psychotria mariniana, Psidium cattleianum. Preserved_Specimen Trees and shrubs, 2 - 7 m, with frt. Perlman, S. 19480 Kauai BISH 2005-03-29
77 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dominated by Syzygium cumini, with Furcraea foetida, Lantana camara, Dodonaea viscosa. Preserved_Specimen Tree, 5m tall, 35cm diameter at base, trunk and branches brown-black, bark rough and scaly, lichen, leaves light green, branches weeping, corolla white-green Wood, K.R. 10911 Kauai BISH 2004-08-15
78 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Veins dark violet red. Cranwell, L.M. 2979 Kauai BISH 1938-08-16
79 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen low chlorotic shrub, often in flower, rarely in fruit Herbst, D.R. 2230 Kauai BISH 1971-11-03
80 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dry, windsept crest, with Dicranopteris, Metrosideros, Acacia Preserved_Specimen 4 m x 2.5 dm tree; flowers reddish St.John, H. 22989 Kauai BISH 1947-12-24
81 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen 12' x 3.5 tree Carlson, N.K. 3 Kauai BISH 1961-07-31
82 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen 7m. tree. St.John, H. 23030 Kauai BISH 1947-12-24
83 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Shrubby tree about 4 ft. tall but cascading on ridge. Bark red-brown. Leaves thick yellow-green, dull underside, skin texture above. Fruit green, purple when ripe. Petioles reddish Tangalin, N. 3091 Kauai BISH 2012-04-04
84 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen small, shrubby tree with reddish flowers Herbst, D.R. 2355 Kauai BISH 1972-03-07
85 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Tree 20 ft. tall, 8 in. dbh. Branches glossy brown when young, becoming brownish with grey striation. Leaf: petiole orange-brown, the color extending along main vein; blade above glossy green, below paler with slight grey cast. Inflorescence: peduncle green with slight reddish cast; pedicel reddish; flowers on first opening are green washed red on exterior, light green interior, with stamens and pistil green, apparently becoming darker with age until petals dark maroon inside, stamens brown and stigma purplish; throat and style green; corolla often with greyish bloom. Hume, L. 216 Kauai BISH 1986-04-05
86 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Leaves ~3 x 2/3, light green; large flowers Beardsley, J.W. 2 Kauai BISH 1959-08-20
87 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Occasional shrub along trail. Herbst, D.R. 2432 Kauai BISH 1972-05-23
88 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen 18 x 1' tree; red green flower, red fruit Chock, A.K. 930 Kauai BISH 1953-08-14
89 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen traced root suck back 90' to parent; many close together; flowers small Herbst, D.R. 2355 Kauai BISH 1972-03-07
90 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen small tree 20 ft., 3 in. diam. Little Jr., E.L. 31154 Kauai BISH 1976-08-31
91 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. 228 Kauai BISH 1987-06-16
92 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen no flowers, 1 fruit Carlson, N.K. 2 Kauai BISH 1961-07-31
93 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1148 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
94 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Small plant. Corn, C. Kauai BISH 1977-07-21
95 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 4959 Kauai BISH 1983-08-26
96 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 13840 Kauai BISH 1933-12-28
97 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Cranwell, L.M. 2840 Kauai BISH 1938-08-12
98 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 593 Kauai BISH 1916-10-16
99 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dry, open Metrosideros forest, with Rauwolfia, Diospyros, Dicranopteris emarginata Preserved_Specimen Carlquist, S. 1645 Kauai BISH 1964-12-05
100 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen 40' x 15 tree; large leaves; flowers; juvenile fruit Carlson, N.K. 1 Kauai BISH 1961-07-31
101 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Plants many-branched shrubs ca. 1 m. tall. Flowers greenish white externally, cream internally, turning red. Leaves conduplicate. Wagner, W.L. 5058 Kauai BISH 1983-08-31
102 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. 1657 Kauai BISH 1957-01-02
103 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Tree 12-15 ft. tall. Calyx green, lobes greenish yellow to red inside; anthers red to brown; style pale green, reaching to rim of calyx tube where stamens are attached. Crosby, M.R. 2024 Kauai BISH 1964-08-13
104 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 1000 Kauai BISH 1922-10-28
105 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 1816 Kauai BISH 1909-02-14
106 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5047 Kauai BISH 1983-08-30
107 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 1833 Kauai BISH 1909-02-14
108 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Chock, A.K. 1015 Kauai BISH 1953-08-23
109 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. 1618 Kauai BISH 1956-12-29
110 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 815 Kauai BISH 1909-09-01
111 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1087 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
112 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Judd, C.S. Kauai BISH 1929-10-31
113 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen ESP Field Crew 11 Kauai BISH 1979-07-16
114 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 21369 Kauai BISH 1950-02-01
115 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 593 Kauai BISH 1916-10-16
116 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 789 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
117 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Judd, C.S. Kauai BISH 1932-07-01
118 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6515 Kauai BISH 1970-07-17
119 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6506 Kauai BISH 1970-07-16
120 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 1822 Kauai BISH 1909-03-03
121 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Davis, J. Kauai BISH 1984-07-18
122 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Landgraf, L. Kauai BISH 1986-02-15
123 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Kauai BISH 1916-10-01
124 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Chock, A.K. 1015 Kauai BISH 1953-08-23
125 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Davis, J. Kauai BISH 1984-07-18
126 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Heller, A.A. 2759 Kauai BISH 1895-08-24
127 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. 419 Kauai BISH 1956-12-28
128 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Spence, G. 191 Kauai BISH 1973-07-24
129 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 208 Kauai BISH 1909-08-01
130 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Heller, A.A. 2709 Kauai BISH 1895-08-24
131 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Cranwell, L.M. 3089 Kauai BISH 1938-08-22
132 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lydgate, J.M. Kauai BISH
133 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6515 Kauai BISH 1970-07-17
134 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros lowland forest dominated by secondary invasive plants w/ natives of Euphorbia celastroides, Osteomeles anthyllidifolia, Hibiscus kokio, Artemisia australis, Eragrostis variabilis, Bidens valida, Sida fallax, Santalum pyrularium, Psydrax odorata, Microlep Preserved_Specimen Tree, 1.5 m tall, in flower and fruit, occasional. Wood, K.R. 16548 Kauai BISH 2015-07-23
135 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Steep degraded secondary vegetation with relic Acacia koa and Metrosideros polymorpha. Santalum pyrularium, Dracaena aurea, Leptecophylla tameiameiae Preserved_Specimen Tree or large shrub, 3 m tall, low spreading branches, flowers white or red, fruit purple, common in area. Wood, K.R. 18856 Kauai BISH 2021-12-16
136 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details ridge, moist forest Preserved_Specimen 4 m shrub, flowers green, turning red inside; stigma 3-4 lobed Fosberg, F.R. 12710 Kauai BISH 1935-12-29
137 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Margin and shrubby parts of open swamp, with Lobelia, Wikstroemia, Metrosideros, etc. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 1-2.5 m, leaves shining light yellow green above, dull glaucous beneath, young leaves green, tepals cream-coloured in anthesis, later red inside and greenish outside, stamens yellow-brown, unripe fruit green, somewhat angular, inflorescences partly lateral, partly terminal. Frequent. Stauffer, H.U. 5908 Kauai BISH 1964-04-24
138 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details forest Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 18 Kauai BISH 1909-07-08
139 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dryland forest Preserved_Specimen 12' tree, flowers pale yellow green Christensen, C. 183 Kauai BISH 1977-04-15
140 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dry forest of Acacia Preserved_Specimen 5 m tree, leaves chunneled, flowers green St.John, H. 22977 Kauai BISH 1947-12-23
141 Santalum pyrularium Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dry forest Preserved_Specimen 8 m x 2 dm tree St.John, H. 22701 Kauai BISH 1947-08-09
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