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Pilea microphylla

(L.) Liebm. (1851)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Rosales Family: Urticaceae Genus: Pilea

artillery plant, gunpowder plant, rockweed

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Annual or short-lived perennial herbs.

Stems: Stems succulent, sometimes slightly woody at base, spreading or cespitose, 5–50 cm long, stems diffuse, branched.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite, crowded throughout stem length. Blades obovate, elliptic, oblanceolate, or oblong; 2–10 mm long, 1–4 mm wide, those of a pair very unequal in size, sometimes some branches with leaves of a pair equal or all leaves of plant equal, 1–nerved. Upper surfaces with crowded elliptic cystoliths; lower surfaces finely reticulate. Margins entire. Petioles 1–4 mm long, always shorter than the blade. Stipules ca. 1 mm long.

Flowers: Flowers in sessile glomerules or cymes, peduncles 1–6 mm long. Flowers unisexual (and the plants monoecious or dioecious). Calyx lobes glabrous, each with a blunt, dorsal, apiculate appendage; outer Calyx lobe slightly longer than others with inconspicuous dorsal, apiculate appendages. Corolla (petals) absent. Staminate flowers 0.6–1 mm long; filaments incurved in bud, elastically reflexed when pollen is shed; anthers dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary superior (pistillate flowers), 0.8–1 mm long, psuedomonomerous, 1-celled; ovule 1, basal; style 1; staminate flower ovary vestigial and sterile.

Fruit: Achenes uniformly light brown; slightly compressed; ovoid-cylindric; ca. 0.5(-1.1) × 0.3 mm; smooth. Achenes ellipsoid; compressed; 0.5–1 mm long; slightly longer than the largest calyx lobe. Seeds 1 per achene.

Ploidy: 2n = 36

Habitat: Mesic; disturbed areas.

Elevation Range: Low elevation.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kuaihelani (Midway Atoll) Naturalized
Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Other Animals

Vegetative Reproduction

Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Mexic. Neldeagt. Pl.: 18 (1851)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1306 (K, O, M, H); Wagner & Herbst 1995:26/Shannon & Wagner 1996:14 (Mi); Oppenheimer & Bartlett 2002:12 (L); Staples & Herbst 2005:553 (KEY), 554 (DESCR); Oppenheimer 2006:14 (Mo)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Pilea microphylla Hanalei District, Lumahai, ridge climbing to west side along proposed "middle" fence-line. Lowland wet ridge in open forest, along banks of stream PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R.; Statler, C.; Brimhall, M. 17496 Kauai US 8/2/2017
2 Pilea microphylla Hanalei District, Lumahai, ridge climbing to west side along proposed "middle" fence-line. Lowland wet ridge in open forest, along banks of stream PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood, C. Statler & M. Brimhall 17496 Kauai US 8/2/2017
3 Pilea microphylla bishop museum grounds, next to mail trailer between paki and pauahi. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN l. crago 2005-004 Oahu US 1/12/2005
4 Pilea microphylla halelea dist; limahuli valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. w. flynn 3766 Kauai US 2/15/1990
5 Pilea microphylla Bishop Museum Grounds, next to mail trailer between Paki and Pauahi. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Crago, L. M. 2005-004 Oahu US 1/12/2005
6 Pilea microphylla hilo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 14154 Kauai US 8/17/1916
7 Pilea microphylla Makawao District, disturbed roadside on Haleakala Highway side of Kanaha Pond PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W. L.; Imada, C. T.; Takeuchi, W. N. 5799 Maui US 3/3/1988
8 Pilea microphylla Honolulu, 42 Coelho Way volunteer in flower pot PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Neal, M.C. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/4/1961
9 Pilea microphylla slopes of koko crater PRESERVED_SPECIMEN christophersen, e. collector number: 1298 Oahu BISH 4/6/1930
10 Pilea microphylla honolulu, manoa, steps of pan pacific union PRESERVED_SPECIMEN brown, f.b.h. collector number: 1262 Oahu BISH 6/1/1925
11 Pilea microphylla Honolulu, Manoa, steps of Pan Pacific Union PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Brown, F.B.H. 1262 Oahu BISH 6/1/1925
12 Pilea microphylla east maui, hana, kauiki, on the eastern side of hana bay Terminalia grove behind Community building. Dominated by Casuarina planted in the late 1930's but with numerous other alien species, Terminalia, Syzygium PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. bub, p. collector number: 2514 Maui BISH 10/21/1987
13 Pilea microphylla Hilo, Keaukaha, Richardson's beach rock wall, pavement PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cuddihy, L.W. 2067 Hawaii BISH 8/8/1987
14 Pilea microphylla W of Kaunakakai Nursery. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H40407 Molokai BISH 4/2/2004
15 Pilea microphylla pali In sparse woods on moist ridge. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kerr, m. Oahu BISH 7/4/1945
16 Pilea microphylla Bishop Museum Grounds, next to mail trailor beween Paki and Pauahi Moist wet soil collections in asphault under edges of trailor. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Crago, L.M. Collector Number: 2005-004 Oahu BISH 1/12/2005
17 Pilea microphylla S of road next to Lumahuli Stream In an abandoned garden with many exotic introdictions. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Corn, C. s.n. Kauai BISH 6/16/1978
18 Pilea microphylla East Maui, Hana, Kauiki, on the eastern side of Hana Bay Terminalia grove behind Community building. Dominated by Casuarina planted in the late 1930's but with numerous other alien species, Terminalia, Syzygium PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 2514 Maui BISH 10/21/1987
19 Pilea microphylla Honolulu, 4400 Tantalus Dr. wet forest; roadside; with Heliocarpus popayanensis, Impatien. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ray, G. 37 Oahu BISH 8/16/1997
20 Pilea microphylla Honolulu, Manoa, Univ. Hawaii campus wayside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Egler, F.E. 37-425 Oahu BISH 8/26/1937
21 Pilea microphylla honolulu, 42 coelho way volunteer in flower pot PRESERVED_SPECIMEN neal, m.c. Oahu BISH 6/4/1961
22 Pilea microphylla Koele Growing on rocks. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H109930 Lanai BISH 10/25/1999
23 Pilea microphylla Kailua roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kondo, Y. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/24/1945
24 Pilea microphylla Honolulu, 4400 Tantalus Dr. wet forest; roadside; with Heliocarpus popayanensis, Impatien. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ray, G. Gibney, E. Collector Number: 37 Oahu BISH 8/16/1997
25 Pilea microphylla sand island Moderately dry mesic ohia forest, with Aleurites and Eugenia malaccensis common in moister gullies. On shaded, damp rocks in Aleurites-dominated gully. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. takeuchi, w.n. collector number: 9069 Oahu BISH 7/6/1988
26 Pilea microphylla koele Growing on rocks. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h109930 Lanai BISH 10/25/1999
27 Pilea microphylla S of road next to Lumahuli Stream In an abandoned garden with many exotic introdictions. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Corn, C. Collector Number: s.n. Kauai BISH 6/16/1978
28 Pilea microphylla Kailua roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kondo, Y. Oahu BISH 6/24/1945
29 Pilea microphylla kailua roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kondo, y. Oahu BISH 6/24/1945
30 Pilea microphylla honolulu, manoa, univ. hawaii campus wayside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN egler, f.e. collector number: 37-425 Oahu BISH 8/26/1937
31 Pilea microphylla from her yard PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Suenaga, B. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/24/1985
32 Pilea microphylla lihue cracks in crumbling asphalt PRESERVED_SPECIMEN takeuchi, w.n. Kauai BISH 5/1/1983
33 Pilea microphylla Bishop Museum Grounds, next to mail trailor beween Paki and Pauahi Moist wet soil collections in asphault under edges of trailor. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Crago, L.M. 2005-004 Oahu BISH 1/12/2005
34 Pilea microphylla Wailua Game Reserve plots stripmined for bauxite ore in 1958-60. Area variously treated with lime and fertilizer. Now residual pasture. On bare areas and slopes PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Howard, R.A. 20272 Kauai BISH 10/20/1985
35 Pilea microphylla hilo, keaukaha, richardson's beach rock wall, pavement PRESERVED_SPECIMEN cuddihy, l.w. collector number: 2067 Hawaii BISH 8/8/1987
36 Pilea microphylla from her yard PRESERVED_SPECIMEN suenaga, b. Oahu BISH 6/24/1985
37 Pilea microphylla honolulu, 4400 tantalus dr. Lower part of S facing wall. Diverse mesic forest. Collected above eroded wshout with Cryptocarya, Pleomele, Dodonaea, Boehmeria, Dispyros sandwicensis, Alyxia stellata, Sida fallax, Psychotria, Pritchardia, Metrosideros, Nestegis, Lantana, Kalanchoe pinnata, Buddleia asiatica. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN ray, g. gibney, e. collector number: 37 Kauai BISH 8/16/1997
38 Pilea microphylla bishop museum grounds, next to mail trailor beween paki and pauahi PRESERVED_SPECIMEN crago, l.m. collector number: 2005-004 Oahu BISH 1/12/2005
39 Pilea microphylla Koele Growing on rocks. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H109930 Lanai BISH 10/25/1999
40 Pilea microphylla Makawao, highway side of Kanaha Rd disturbed roadside; dominated by grasses, Pluchea indica and P. symphytifolia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 5799 Maui BISH 3/3/1988
41 Pilea microphylla Sand Island PreservedSpecimen Herbst, D.R. Takeuchi, W.N. Collector Number: 9069 Midway Atoll BISH Specimen 7/6/1988
42 Pilea microphylla W of Kaunakakai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN L. Crago 2005-004 Molokai HAPI 1/12/2005
43 Pilea microphylla Tantalus, 4400 Tantalus Dr, switchback below Puu Ohia trailhead Mesic wet forest, disturbed roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN G. J. Ray 37 NY 8/16/1997
44 Pilea microphylla Honolulu, 4400 Tantalus Dr. Mesic wet forest, disturbed roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN G. J. Ray 37 Oahu HAPI 8/16/1997
45 Pilea microphylla W of Kaunakakai Nursery. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H40407 Molokai BISH 4/2/2004
46 Pilea microphylla slopes of Koko crater PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Christophersen, E. 1298 Oahu BISH 4/6/1930
47 Pilea microphylla bishop museum grounds, next to mail trailor beween paki and pauahi Top of talus slope below sea cliff. West exposure, slope 40- 60 degrees. Sparsely vegetated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN crago, l.m. collector number: 2005-004 Kahoolawe BISH 1/12/2005
48 Pilea microphylla east Maui, Makawao District, Makawao, east side of Kailua Gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Duvall, F. s.n. Maui BISH 7/28/2012
49 Pilea microphylla makawao, highway side of kanaha rd disturbed roadside; dominated by grasses, Pluchea indica and P. symphytifolia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. imada, c.; takeuchi, w. collector number: 5799 Maui BISH 3/3/1988
50 Pilea microphylla wailua game reserve plots stripmined for bauxite ore in 1958-60. Area variously treated with lime and fertilizer. Now residual pasture. On bare areas and slopes PRESERVED_SPECIMEN howard, r.a. collector number: 20272 Kauai BISH 10/20/1985
51 Pilea microphylla Pali PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kerr, M. s.n. Oahu BISH 7/4/1945
52 Pilea microphylla tantalus, 4400 tantalus dr, switchback below puu ohia trailhead Mesic wet forest, disturbed roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN g. j. ray 37 NY 8/16/1997
53 Pilea microphylla hanalei district, lumahai, ridge climbing to west side along proposed "middle" fence-line. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, c. statler & m. brimhall 17496 NY 8/2/2017
54 Pilea microphylla KAUAI: Above Wailua, Wailua Game Reserve. Vegetation on plots stripmined for bauxite ore in 1958-60. Area variously treated with lime and fertilizer. Now residual pasture. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Richard A. Howard 20272 Kauai PTBG 10/20/1985
55 Pilea microphylla E. Maui, Keanae. Unimproved road mauka of Hana Hwy., vicinity of Waiokamilo Stream. Metrosideros/Dicranopteris wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H60070 Maui PTBG 6/18/2000
56 Pilea microphylla Disturbed roadside on highway side of Kanaha Pond (Haleakala Hwy); dominated by grasses, Pluchea indica and P. symphytifolia. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN W. L. Wagner 5799 Maui PTBG 3/3/1988
57 Pilea microphylla Lumahai, ridge climbing to west side along proposed "middle" fence-line. Metrosideros-Dicranopteris lowland wet ridge, PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 17496 Kauai PTBG 8/2/2017
58 Pilea microphylla Halelea Dist; Limahuli Valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. W. 3766 Kauai US 2/15/1990
59 Pilea microphylla Lihue cracks in crumbling asphalt PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Takeuchi, W.N. s.n. Kauai BISH 5/1/1983
60 Pilea microphylla s of road next to lumahuli stream PRESERVED_SPECIMEN corn, c. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 6/16/1978
61 Pilea microphylla Sand Island PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 9069 Midway Atoll BISH 7/6/1988
62 Pilea microphylla w of kaunakakai Nursery. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h40407 Molokai BISH 4/2/2004
63 Pilea microphylla The Kauai Agricultural Research Center near Wailua Homesteads. A pest of pots, gardens and disturbed soil. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kelsey Brock 716 Kauai PTBG 9/9/2015
64 Pilea microphylla MAUI: Hana District, Kauiki, on the eastern side of Hana Bay. Elev. 0-386 ft. Dominated by Casuarina planted in late 1930's but with numerous other alien species (Terminalia, Syzygium, Ardisia). PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 2514 Maui PTBG 10/21/1987
65 Pilea microphylla KAUAI: Hanalei District. Limahuli Valley. Secondary forest along stream in valley bottom. Dominated by Psidium, Aleurites and Schefflera with scattered Metrosideros, Pisonia and Hedyotis. Elev. 300-400 ft. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 2321 Kauai PTBG 8/20/1987
66 Pilea microphylla KAUAI: Haupu Range; north facing mesic forest; just below and along cliffs on west side of summit, Mesic forest with relict native species, Pisonia, Diospyros, Acacia, Hedyotis acuminata, Pipturus spp., Psychotria spp., Cyanea hardyi, Artemisia australis, Bidens spp PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 7485 Kauai PTBG 9/23/1998
67 Pilea microphylla KAUAI: Koloa District, Koloa. In rocks along ditch corssing Koloa Road near Sueoka Store. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 1243 Kauai PTBG 10/3/1985
68 Pilea microphylla Nursery weed west of Kaunakakai. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H40407 Molokai PTBG 4/2/2004
69 Pilea microphylla Hilo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 14154 Hawaii US 8/17/2016
70 Pilea microphylla makawao district, disturbed roadside on haleakala highway side of kanaha pond PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. l. wagner, c. imada & w. n. takeuchi 5799 Maui US 3/3/1988
71 Pilea microphylla Bishop Museum Grounds, next to mail trailer between Paki and Pauahi. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN L. Crago 2005-004 Oahu US 1/12/2005
72 Pilea microphylla Hanalei District, Lumahai, ridge climbing to west side along proposed "middle" fence-line. Lowland wet ridge in open forest, along banks of stream PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R.; Statler, C.; Brimhall, M. 17496 Kauai US 8/2/2017
73 Pilea microphylla Hanalei District, Lumahai, ridge climbing to west side along proposed "middle" fence-line. Lowland wet ridge in open forest, along banks of stream PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood, C. Statler & M. Brimhall 17496 Kauai US 8/2/2017
74 Pilea microphylla bishop museum grounds, next to mail trailer between paki and pauahi. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN l. crago 2005-004 Oahu US 1/12/2005
75 Pilea microphylla halelea dist; limahuli valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. w. flynn 3766 Kauai US 2/15/1990
76 Pilea microphylla Bishop Museum Grounds, next to mail trailer between Paki and Pauahi. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Crago, L. M. 2005-004 Oahu US 1/12/2005
77 Pilea microphylla hilo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 14154 Kauai US 8/17/1916
78 Pilea microphylla Makawao District, disturbed roadside on Haleakala Highway side of Kanaha Pond PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W. L.; Imada, C. T.; Takeuchi, W. N. 5799 Maui US 3/3/1988
79 Pilea microphylla Honolulu, 42 Coelho Way volunteer in flower pot PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Neal, M.C. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/4/1961
80 Pilea microphylla slopes of koko crater PRESERVED_SPECIMEN christophersen, e. collector number: 1298 Oahu BISH 4/6/1930
81 Pilea microphylla honolulu, manoa, steps of pan pacific union PRESERVED_SPECIMEN brown, f.b.h. collector number: 1262 Oahu BISH 6/1/1925
82 Pilea microphylla Honolulu, Manoa, steps of Pan Pacific Union PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Brown, F.B.H. 1262 Oahu BISH 6/1/1925
83 Pilea microphylla east maui, hana, kauiki, on the eastern side of hana bay Terminalia grove behind Community building. Dominated by Casuarina planted in the late 1930's but with numerous other alien species, Terminalia, Syzygium PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. bub, p. collector number: 2514 Maui BISH 10/21/1987
84 Pilea microphylla Hilo, Keaukaha, Richardson's beach rock wall, pavement PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cuddihy, L.W. 2067 Hawaii BISH 8/8/1987
85 Pilea microphylla W of Kaunakakai Nursery. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H40407 Molokai BISH 4/2/2004
86 Pilea microphylla pali In sparse woods on moist ridge. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kerr, m. Oahu BISH 7/4/1945
87 Pilea microphylla Bishop Museum Grounds, next to mail trailor beween Paki and Pauahi Moist wet soil collections in asphault under edges of trailor. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Crago, L.M. Collector Number: 2005-004 Oahu BISH 1/12/2005
88 Pilea microphylla S of road next to Lumahuli Stream In an abandoned garden with many exotic introdictions. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Corn, C. s.n. Kauai BISH 6/16/1978
89 Pilea microphylla East Maui, Hana, Kauiki, on the eastern side of Hana Bay Terminalia grove behind Community building. Dominated by Casuarina planted in the late 1930's but with numerous other alien species, Terminalia, Syzygium PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 2514 Maui BISH 10/21/1987
90 Pilea microphylla Honolulu, 4400 Tantalus Dr. wet forest; roadside; with Heliocarpus popayanensis, Impatien. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ray, G. 37 Oahu BISH 8/16/1997
91 Pilea microphylla Honolulu, Manoa, Univ. Hawaii campus wayside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Egler, F.E. 37-425 Oahu BISH 8/26/1937
92 Pilea microphylla honolulu, 42 coelho way volunteer in flower pot PRESERVED_SPECIMEN neal, m.c. Oahu BISH 6/4/1961
93 Pilea microphylla Koele Growing on rocks. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H109930 Lanai BISH 10/25/1999
94 Pilea microphylla Kailua roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kondo, Y. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/24/1945
95 Pilea microphylla Honolulu, 4400 Tantalus Dr. wet forest; roadside; with Heliocarpus popayanensis, Impatien. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ray, G. Gibney, E. Collector Number: 37 Oahu BISH 8/16/1997
96 Pilea microphylla sand island Moderately dry mesic ohia forest, with Aleurites and Eugenia malaccensis common in moister gullies. On shaded, damp rocks in Aleurites-dominated gully. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. takeuchi, w.n. collector number: 9069 Oahu BISH 7/6/1988
97 Pilea microphylla koele Growing on rocks. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h109930 Lanai BISH 10/25/1999
98 Pilea microphylla S of road next to Lumahuli Stream In an abandoned garden with many exotic introdictions. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Corn, C. Collector Number: s.n. Kauai BISH 6/16/1978
99 Pilea microphylla Kailua roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kondo, Y. Oahu BISH 6/24/1945
100 Pilea microphylla kailua roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kondo, y. Oahu BISH 6/24/1945
101 Pilea microphylla honolulu, manoa, univ. hawaii campus wayside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN egler, f.e. collector number: 37-425 Oahu BISH 8/26/1937
102 Pilea microphylla from her yard PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Suenaga, B. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/24/1985
103 Pilea microphylla lihue cracks in crumbling asphalt PRESERVED_SPECIMEN takeuchi, w.n. Kauai BISH 5/1/1983
104 Pilea microphylla Bishop Museum Grounds, next to mail trailor beween Paki and Pauahi Moist wet soil collections in asphault under edges of trailor. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Crago, L.M. 2005-004 Oahu BISH 1/12/2005
105 Pilea microphylla Wailua Game Reserve plots stripmined for bauxite ore in 1958-60. Area variously treated with lime and fertilizer. Now residual pasture. On bare areas and slopes PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Howard, R.A. 20272 Kauai BISH 10/20/1985
106 Pilea microphylla hilo, keaukaha, richardson's beach rock wall, pavement PRESERVED_SPECIMEN cuddihy, l.w. collector number: 2067 Hawaii BISH 8/8/1987
107 Pilea microphylla from her yard PRESERVED_SPECIMEN suenaga, b. Oahu BISH 6/24/1985
108 Pilea microphylla honolulu, 4400 tantalus dr. Lower part of S facing wall. Diverse mesic forest. Collected above eroded wshout with Cryptocarya, Pleomele, Dodonaea, Boehmeria, Dispyros sandwicensis, Alyxia stellata, Sida fallax, Psychotria, Pritchardia, Metrosideros, Nestegis, Lantana, Kalanchoe pinnata, Buddleia asiatica. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN ray, g. gibney, e. collector number: 37 Kauai BISH 8/16/1997
109 Pilea microphylla bishop museum grounds, next to mail trailor beween paki and pauahi PRESERVED_SPECIMEN crago, l.m. collector number: 2005-004 Oahu BISH 1/12/2005
110 Pilea microphylla Koele Growing on rocks. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H109930 Lanai BISH 10/25/1999
111 Pilea microphylla Makawao, highway side of Kanaha Rd disturbed roadside; dominated by grasses, Pluchea indica and P. symphytifolia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 5799 Maui BISH 3/3/1988
112 Pilea microphylla Sand Island PreservedSpecimen Herbst, D.R. Takeuchi, W.N. Collector Number: 9069 Midway Atoll BISH Specimen 7/6/1988
113 Pilea microphylla W of Kaunakakai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN L. Crago 2005-004 Molokai HAPI 1/12/2005
114 Pilea microphylla Tantalus, 4400 Tantalus Dr, switchback below Puu Ohia trailhead Mesic wet forest, disturbed roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN G. J. Ray 37 NY 8/16/1997
115 Pilea microphylla Honolulu, 4400 Tantalus Dr. Mesic wet forest, disturbed roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN G. J. Ray 37 Oahu HAPI 8/16/1997
116 Pilea microphylla W of Kaunakakai Nursery. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H40407 Molokai BISH 4/2/2004
117 Pilea microphylla slopes of Koko crater PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Christophersen, E. 1298 Oahu BISH 4/6/1930
118 Pilea microphylla bishop museum grounds, next to mail trailor beween paki and pauahi Top of talus slope below sea cliff. West exposure, slope 40- 60 degrees. Sparsely vegetated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN crago, l.m. collector number: 2005-004 Kahoolawe BISH 1/12/2005
119 Pilea microphylla east Maui, Makawao District, Makawao, east side of Kailua Gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Duvall, F. s.n. Maui BISH 7/28/2012
120 Pilea microphylla makawao, highway side of kanaha rd disturbed roadside; dominated by grasses, Pluchea indica and P. symphytifolia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. imada, c.; takeuchi, w. collector number: 5799 Maui BISH 3/3/1988
121 Pilea microphylla wailua game reserve plots stripmined for bauxite ore in 1958-60. Area variously treated with lime and fertilizer. Now residual pasture. On bare areas and slopes PRESERVED_SPECIMEN howard, r.a. collector number: 20272 Kauai BISH 10/20/1985
122 Pilea microphylla Pali PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kerr, M. s.n. Oahu BISH 7/4/1945
123 Pilea microphylla tantalus, 4400 tantalus dr, switchback below puu ohia trailhead Mesic wet forest, disturbed roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN g. j. ray 37 NY 8/16/1997
124 Pilea microphylla hanalei district, lumahai, ridge climbing to west side along proposed "middle" fence-line. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, c. statler & m. brimhall 17496 NY 8/2/2017
125 Pilea microphylla KAUAI: Above Wailua, Wailua Game Reserve. Vegetation on plots stripmined for bauxite ore in 1958-60. Area variously treated with lime and fertilizer. Now residual pasture. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Richard A. Howard 20272 Kauai PTBG 10/20/1985
126 Pilea microphylla E. Maui, Keanae. Unimproved road mauka of Hana Hwy., vicinity of Waiokamilo Stream. Metrosideros/Dicranopteris wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H60070 Maui PTBG 6/18/2000
127 Pilea microphylla Disturbed roadside on highway side of Kanaha Pond (Haleakala Hwy); dominated by grasses, Pluchea indica and P. symphytifolia. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN W. L. Wagner 5799 Maui PTBG 3/3/1988
128 Pilea microphylla Lumahai, ridge climbing to west side along proposed "middle" fence-line. Metrosideros-Dicranopteris lowland wet ridge, PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 17496 Kauai PTBG 8/2/2017
129 Pilea microphylla Halelea Dist; Limahuli Valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. W. 3766 Kauai US 2/15/1990
130 Pilea microphylla Lihue cracks in crumbling asphalt PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Takeuchi, W.N. s.n. Kauai BISH 5/1/1983
131 Pilea microphylla s of road next to lumahuli stream PRESERVED_SPECIMEN corn, c. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 6/16/1978
132 Pilea microphylla Sand Island PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 9069 Midway Atoll BISH 7/6/1988
133 Pilea microphylla w of kaunakakai Nursery. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h40407 Molokai BISH 4/2/2004
134 Pilea microphylla The Kauai Agricultural Research Center near Wailua Homesteads. A pest of pots, gardens and disturbed soil. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kelsey Brock 716 Kauai PTBG 9/9/2015
135 Pilea microphylla MAUI: Hana District, Kauiki, on the eastern side of Hana Bay. Elev. 0-386 ft. Dominated by Casuarina planted in late 1930's but with numerous other alien species (Terminalia, Syzygium, Ardisia). PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 2514 Maui PTBG 10/21/1987
136 Pilea microphylla KAUAI: Hanalei District. Limahuli Valley. Secondary forest along stream in valley bottom. Dominated by Psidium, Aleurites and Schefflera with scattered Metrosideros, Pisonia and Hedyotis. Elev. 300-400 ft. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 2321 Kauai PTBG 8/20/1987
137 Pilea microphylla KAUAI: Haupu Range; north facing mesic forest; just below and along cliffs on west side of summit, Mesic forest with relict native species, Pisonia, Diospyros, Acacia, Hedyotis acuminata, Pipturus spp., Psychotria spp., Cyanea hardyi, Artemisia australis, Bidens spp PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 7485 Kauai PTBG 9/23/1998
138 Pilea microphylla KAUAI: Koloa District, Koloa. In rocks along ditch corssing Koloa Road near Sueoka Store. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 1243 Kauai PTBG 10/3/1985
139 Pilea microphylla Nursery weed west of Kaunakakai. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H40407 Molokai PTBG 4/2/2004
140 Pilea microphylla Hilo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 14154 Hawaii US 8/17/2016
141 Pilea microphylla makawao district, disturbed roadside on haleakala highway side of kanaha pond PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. l. wagner, c. imada & w. n. takeuchi 5799 Maui US 3/3/1988
142 Pilea microphylla Bishop Museum Grounds, next to mail trailer between Paki and Pauahi. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN L. Crago 2005-004 Oahu US 1/12/2005
143 Pilea microphylla Hanalei District, Lumahai, ridge climbing to west side along proposed "middle" fence-line. Lowland wet ridge in open forest, along banks of stream PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R.; Statler, C.; Brimhall, M. 17496 Kauai US 8/2/2017
144 Pilea microphylla Hanalei District, Lumahai, ridge climbing to west side along proposed "middle" fence-line. Lowland wet ridge in open forest, along banks of stream PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood, C. Statler & M. Brimhall 17496 Kauai US 8/2/2017
145 Pilea microphylla bishop museum grounds, next to mail trailer between paki and pauahi. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN l. crago 2005-004 Oahu US 1/12/2005
146 Pilea microphylla halelea dist; limahuli valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. w. flynn 3766 Kauai US 2/15/1990
147 Pilea microphylla Bishop Museum Grounds, next to mail trailer between Paki and Pauahi. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Crago, L. M. 2005-004 Oahu US 1/12/2005
148 Pilea microphylla hilo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 14154 Kauai US 8/17/1916
149 Pilea microphylla Makawao District, disturbed roadside on Haleakala Highway side of Kanaha Pond PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W. L.; Imada, C. T.; Takeuchi, W. N. 5799 Maui US 3/3/1988
150 Pilea microphylla Honolulu, 42 Coelho Way volunteer in flower pot PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Neal, M.C. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/4/1961
151 Pilea microphylla slopes of koko crater PRESERVED_SPECIMEN christophersen, e. collector number: 1298 Oahu BISH 4/6/1930
152 Pilea microphylla honolulu, manoa, steps of pan pacific union PRESERVED_SPECIMEN brown, f.b.h. collector number: 1262 Oahu BISH 6/1/1925
153 Pilea microphylla Honolulu, Manoa, steps of Pan Pacific Union PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Brown, F.B.H. 1262 Oahu BISH 6/1/1925
154 Pilea microphylla east maui, hana, kauiki, on the eastern side of hana bay Terminalia grove behind Community building. Dominated by Casuarina planted in the late 1930's but with numerous other alien species, Terminalia, Syzygium PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. bub, p. collector number: 2514 Maui BISH 10/21/1987
155 Pilea microphylla Hilo, Keaukaha, Richardson's beach rock wall, pavement PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cuddihy, L.W. 2067 Hawaii BISH 8/8/1987
156 Pilea microphylla W of Kaunakakai Nursery. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H40407 Molokai BISH 4/2/2004
157 Pilea microphylla pali In sparse woods on moist ridge. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kerr, m. Oahu BISH 7/4/1945
158 Pilea microphylla Bishop Museum Grounds, next to mail trailor beween Paki and Pauahi Moist wet soil collections in asphault under edges of trailor. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Crago, L.M. Collector Number: 2005-004 Oahu BISH 1/12/2005
159 Pilea microphylla S of road next to Lumahuli Stream In an abandoned garden with many exotic introdictions. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Corn, C. s.n. Kauai BISH 6/16/1978
160 Pilea microphylla East Maui, Hana, Kauiki, on the eastern side of Hana Bay Terminalia grove behind Community building. Dominated by Casuarina planted in the late 1930's but with numerous other alien species, Terminalia, Syzygium PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 2514 Maui BISH 10/21/1987
161 Pilea microphylla Honolulu, 4400 Tantalus Dr. wet forest; roadside; with Heliocarpus popayanensis, Impatien. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ray, G. 37 Oahu BISH 8/16/1997
162 Pilea microphylla Honolulu, Manoa, Univ. Hawaii campus wayside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Egler, F.E. 37-425 Oahu BISH 8/26/1937
163 Pilea microphylla honolulu, 42 coelho way volunteer in flower pot PRESERVED_SPECIMEN neal, m.c. Oahu BISH 6/4/1961
164 Pilea microphylla Koele Growing on rocks. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H109930 Lanai BISH 10/25/1999
165 Pilea microphylla Kailua roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kondo, Y. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/24/1945
166 Pilea microphylla Honolulu, 4400 Tantalus Dr. wet forest; roadside; with Heliocarpus popayanensis, Impatien. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ray, G. Gibney, E. Collector Number: 37 Oahu BISH 8/16/1997
167 Pilea microphylla sand island Moderately dry mesic ohia forest, with Aleurites and Eugenia malaccensis common in moister gullies. On shaded, damp rocks in Aleurites-dominated gully. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. takeuchi, w.n. collector number: 9069 Oahu BISH 7/6/1988
168 Pilea microphylla koele Growing on rocks. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h109930 Lanai BISH 10/25/1999
169 Pilea microphylla S of road next to Lumahuli Stream In an abandoned garden with many exotic introdictions. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Corn, C. Collector Number: s.n. Kauai BISH 6/16/1978
170 Pilea microphylla Kailua roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kondo, Y. Oahu BISH 6/24/1945
171 Pilea microphylla kailua roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kondo, y. Oahu BISH 6/24/1945
172 Pilea microphylla honolulu, manoa, univ. hawaii campus wayside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN egler, f.e. collector number: 37-425 Oahu BISH 8/26/1937
173 Pilea microphylla from her yard PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Suenaga, B. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/24/1985
174 Pilea microphylla lihue cracks in crumbling asphalt PRESERVED_SPECIMEN takeuchi, w.n. Kauai BISH 5/1/1983
175 Pilea microphylla Bishop Museum Grounds, next to mail trailor beween Paki and Pauahi Moist wet soil collections in asphault under edges of trailor. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Crago, L.M. 2005-004 Oahu BISH 1/12/2005
176 Pilea microphylla Wailua Game Reserve plots stripmined for bauxite ore in 1958-60. Area variously treated with lime and fertilizer. Now residual pasture. On bare areas and slopes PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Howard, R.A. 20272 Kauai BISH 10/20/1985
177 Pilea microphylla hilo, keaukaha, richardson's beach rock wall, pavement PRESERVED_SPECIMEN cuddihy, l.w. collector number: 2067 Hawaii BISH 8/8/1987
178 Pilea microphylla from her yard PRESERVED_SPECIMEN suenaga, b. Oahu BISH 6/24/1985
179 Pilea microphylla honolulu, 4400 tantalus dr. Lower part of S facing wall. Diverse mesic forest. Collected above eroded wshout with Cryptocarya, Pleomele, Dodonaea, Boehmeria, Dispyros sandwicensis, Alyxia stellata, Sida fallax, Psychotria, Pritchardia, Metrosideros, Nestegis, Lantana, Kalanchoe pinnata, Buddleia asiatica. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN ray, g. gibney, e. collector number: 37 Kauai BISH 8/16/1997
180 Pilea microphylla bishop museum grounds, next to mail trailor beween paki and pauahi PRESERVED_SPECIMEN crago, l.m. collector number: 2005-004 Oahu BISH 1/12/2005
181 Pilea microphylla Koele Growing on rocks. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H109930 Lanai BISH 10/25/1999
182 Pilea microphylla Makawao, highway side of Kanaha Rd disturbed roadside; dominated by grasses, Pluchea indica and P. symphytifolia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 5799 Maui BISH 3/3/1988
183 Pilea microphylla Sand Island PreservedSpecimen Herbst, D.R. Takeuchi, W.N. Collector Number: 9069 Midway Atoll BISH Specimen 7/6/1988
184 Pilea microphylla W of Kaunakakai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN L. Crago 2005-004 Molokai HAPI 1/12/2005
185 Pilea microphylla Tantalus, 4400 Tantalus Dr, switchback below Puu Ohia trailhead Mesic wet forest, disturbed roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN G. J. Ray 37 NY 8/16/1997
186 Pilea microphylla Honolulu, 4400 Tantalus Dr. Mesic wet forest, disturbed roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN G. J. Ray 37 Oahu HAPI 8/16/1997
187 Pilea microphylla W of Kaunakakai Nursery. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H40407 Molokai BISH 4/2/2004
188 Pilea microphylla slopes of Koko crater PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Christophersen, E. 1298 Oahu BISH 4/6/1930
189 Pilea microphylla bishop museum grounds, next to mail trailor beween paki and pauahi Top of talus slope below sea cliff. West exposure, slope 40- 60 degrees. Sparsely vegetated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN crago, l.m. collector number: 2005-004 Kahoolawe BISH 1/12/2005
190 Pilea microphylla east Maui, Makawao District, Makawao, east side of Kailua Gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Duvall, F. s.n. Maui BISH 7/28/2012
191 Pilea microphylla makawao, highway side of kanaha rd disturbed roadside; dominated by grasses, Pluchea indica and P. symphytifolia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. imada, c.; takeuchi, w. collector number: 5799 Maui BISH 3/3/1988
192 Pilea microphylla wailua game reserve plots stripmined for bauxite ore in 1958-60. Area variously treated with lime and fertilizer. Now residual pasture. On bare areas and slopes PRESERVED_SPECIMEN howard, r.a. collector number: 20272 Kauai BISH 10/20/1985
193 Pilea microphylla Pali PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kerr, M. s.n. Oahu BISH 7/4/1945
194 Pilea microphylla tantalus, 4400 tantalus dr, switchback below puu ohia trailhead Mesic wet forest, disturbed roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN g. j. ray 37 NY 8/16/1997
195 Pilea microphylla hanalei district, lumahai, ridge climbing to west side along proposed "middle" fence-line. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, c. statler & m. brimhall 17496 NY 8/2/2017
196 Pilea microphylla KAUAI: Above Wailua, Wailua Game Reserve. Vegetation on plots stripmined for bauxite ore in 1958-60. Area variously treated with lime and fertilizer. Now residual pasture. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Richard A. Howard 20272 Kauai PTBG 10/20/1985
197 Pilea microphylla E. Maui, Keanae. Unimproved road mauka of Hana Hwy., vicinity of Waiokamilo Stream. Metrosideros/Dicranopteris wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H60070 Maui PTBG 6/18/2000
198 Pilea microphylla Disturbed roadside on highway side of Kanaha Pond (Haleakala Hwy); dominated by grasses, Pluchea indica and P. symphytifolia. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN W. L. Wagner 5799 Maui PTBG 3/3/1988
199 Pilea microphylla Lumahai, ridge climbing to west side along proposed "middle" fence-line. Metrosideros-Dicranopteris lowland wet ridge, PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 17496 Kauai PTBG 8/2/2017
200 Pilea microphylla Halelea Dist; Limahuli Valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. W. 3766 Kauai US 2/15/1990
201 Pilea microphylla Lihue cracks in crumbling asphalt PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Takeuchi, W.N. s.n. Kauai BISH 5/1/1983
202 Pilea microphylla s of road next to lumahuli stream PRESERVED_SPECIMEN corn, c. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 6/16/1978
203 Pilea microphylla Sand Island PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 9069 Midway Atoll BISH 7/6/1988
204 Pilea microphylla w of kaunakakai Nursery. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h40407 Molokai BISH 4/2/2004
205 Pilea microphylla The Kauai Agricultural Research Center near Wailua Homesteads. A pest of pots, gardens and disturbed soil. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kelsey Brock 716 Kauai PTBG 9/9/2015
206 Pilea microphylla MAUI: Hana District, Kauiki, on the eastern side of Hana Bay. Elev. 0-386 ft. Dominated by Casuarina planted in late 1930's but with numerous other alien species (Terminalia, Syzygium, Ardisia). PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 2514 Maui PTBG 10/21/1987
207 Pilea microphylla KAUAI: Hanalei District. Limahuli Valley. Secondary forest along stream in valley bottom. Dominated by Psidium, Aleurites and Schefflera with scattered Metrosideros, Pisonia and Hedyotis. Elev. 300-400 ft. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 2321 Kauai PTBG 8/20/1987
208 Pilea microphylla KAUAI: Haupu Range; north facing mesic forest; just below and along cliffs on west side of summit, Mesic forest with relict native species, Pisonia, Diospyros, Acacia, Hedyotis acuminata, Pipturus spp., Psychotria spp., Cyanea hardyi, Artemisia australis, Bidens spp PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 7485 Kauai PTBG 9/23/1998
209 Pilea microphylla KAUAI: Koloa District, Koloa. In rocks along ditch corssing Koloa Road near Sueoka Store. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 1243 Kauai PTBG 10/3/1985
210 Pilea microphylla Nursery weed west of Kaunakakai. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H40407 Molokai PTBG 4/2/2004
211 Pilea microphylla Hilo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 14154 Hawaii US 8/17/2016
212 Pilea microphylla makawao district, disturbed roadside on haleakala highway side of kanaha pond PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. l. wagner, c. imada & w. n. takeuchi 5799 Maui US 3/3/1988
213 Pilea microphylla Bishop Museum Grounds, next to mail trailer between Paki and Pauahi. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN L. Crago 2005-004 Oahu US 1/12/2005
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