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Schiedea apokremnos

H.St.John (1970)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-CoreEudicot Order: Caryophyllales Family: Caryophyllaceae Genus: Schiedea

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Gynodioecious shrubs.

Stems: Stems often swollen at the nodes, terete (cylindrical), 4–angled or –ridged, 2–4 (–5) dm long, branching, the lowermost ascending or decumbent, the flowering branches strongly ascending, glabrous, intemodes 0.3–0.9 (–1.3) cm long, green or purple.

Roots: Fibrous root system.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades oblanceolate or elliptic–oblanceolate, (1.5–) 3–5.5 (–8.3) cm long, (0.3–) 0.6–1.4 cm wide. Apex acute to obtuse. Base leaf bases often connate around the stem, base attenuate. Blades weakly succulent and at least the mature ones glaucous. Margins entire, slightly thickened. Only the midvein evident. Petioles 0–0.4 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescence terminal, 0.3–6 cm long, contracted vertically and laterally, often congested and head-like or more open and only somewhat contracted; hermaphroditic inflorescences 1.5–4.8 cm long, with 26–93 flowers, less congested and broader than the pistillate inflorescences; pistillate inflorescence 0.3–6 cm long, with 39–140 flowers; bracts of central axis 2–3.5 mm long, those of branches and flowers 1–1.5 mm long, linear to subulate, green or purple–tinged. Flowers bisexual (perfect) or pistillate. Calyx of hermaphroditic flowers with sepals 2–2.85 mm long, broadly ovate, broadly and very shallowly navicular, oriented at ca. 110° angle to the pedicel, green or tinged purple toward the apex, opaque, reflexed and convex at the base, producing a small transverse bulge, glabrous, margins scarious, glabrous, apex obtuse. Pistillate flowers: sepals 2.05–3.1 mm long, broadly ovate, green or tinged purple, opaque, reflexed and convex at the base, producing a small transverse bulge, broadly and very shallowly navicular, oriented at ca. 140° angle to the pedicel, margins scarious, entire, glabrous, apex obtuse. Corolla (petals) absent. Stamens (9–) 10 in hermaphroditic flowers, the filaments very slightly dimorphic to subequal, white, the antisepalous whorl 3.6–4.8 mm long, the alternate whorl 3.4–5.75 mm long; anthers 0.75–0.9 mm long, yellow or pale reddish purple. Pistillate flowers: Stamens 10, vestigial; filaments unequal, the antisepalous whorl 0.5–0.85 mm long, the alternate whorl 0.2–0.6 mm long, white; anthers 0.35–0.45 mm long, white to pale yellow, not producing pollen. Ovary superior, 1-celled; ovule placentation free-central; styles 3 (–4), green (hermaphroditic flowers) or pale greenish white (pistillate flowers).

Fruit: Capsules 1.5–2.5 mm long; broadly ovoid. Seeds 0.6–0.8 mm long; orbicular–reniform; compressed; the surface papillose; perisperm starchy; hard or rarely soft; true endosperm absent.

Ploidy: 2n = possibly 48*

Habitat: Dry coastal cliffs in leeward crevices of shrublands.

Elevation Range: 60–400 (–610) m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • Description digitized by Mercedez
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
  • Schiedea apokremnos is still extant in these areas. It is closely related to S. adamantis and S. ligustrina of O'ahu and S. salicaria of West Maui.

Bibliography

Name Published In: Pacific Sci. 24: 250 (1970)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:511 (K); Wagner, Weller & Sakai 2005:63 (KEY, DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Schiedea apokremnos Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details mesic; Diospyros sandwicensis, Aleurites, Lobelia niihauensis, Schiedea apokremnos, Bidens sandwicensis, Chamaesyce celastroides Preserved_Specimen 50 cm shrub; many branched Wood, K.R. 12978 Kauai BISH 2008-05-09
2 Schiedea apokremnos Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Mixed Native Shrub, Coastal Dry Cliff; Associated Plants: Artemesia Lipochaeta connata var. acris, Sida fallax, Dodonaea, Canthium, Bdens, Myoporum, Wilkesia hobdyi, Schiedea apokremnos, Peperomia, Nototrichium sandwicense Preserved_Specimen 30 cm tall subpshrub; in flower and fruit; 200+- plants in area; growing with Wilkesia hobdyi Wood, K.R. 1946 Kauai BISH 1992-06-03
3 Schiedea apokremnos Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details basalt cliffs above trail; w/artemisia australis, carex meyenii, eragrostis variabilis, chmaesyce celastroides Preserved_Specimen shrub, 50 cm tall; few branched, stems gray-brown; with flower & fruit; common Wood, K.R. 11633 Kauai BISH 2005-11-22
4 Schiedea apokremnos Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dodonaea viscosa, Wilkesia gymnoxiphium, Lobelia niihauensis, Eragrostis variabilis, Lantana, Psidium guajava, Lipochaeta connata, Eugenia reinwardtiana, Chamaesyce celastroides, Bidens cervicata, Artemisia Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 5326 Kauai BISH 1996-06-20
5 Schiedea apokremnos Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details associated with Artemisia, Bidens, Eragrostis Preserved_Specimen erect undershrub +/- 6' tall, woody at base, brittle; foliage light green, coriaceous, paler beneath Herbst, D.R. 1062 Kauai BISH 1968-04-17
6 Schiedea apokremnos Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Mesic, mixed non-native forest. North facing cliff. W/ Artemisia australis, Syzygium cumini, Furcraea foetida, Euphorbia celastroides, var. hanapepensis, Stachytarpheta jamaicensis, Lobelia niihauensis, Pluchea sp., Bidens sp., Dodonaea viscosa, Carex s Preserved_Specimen Small shrub about 0.5 feet tall. Leaves light green, fleshy, succulent. Walsh, S. 567 Kauai BISH 2017-12-13
7 Schiedea apokremnos Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing with Myoporum sandwicense, Cocculus trilobus, Nototrichium sandwicense, Pluchea spp, Leucaena leucocephala, Eragrostis variabilis. Scattered across cliff face. Preserved_Specimen Small shrub, clinging to vbertical rock wall, 40 cm across. Trauernicht, C. 554 Kauai BISH 2008-07-25
8 Schiedea apokremnos Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Relic Diospyros - Psydrax mesic forest with Psychotria mariniana, Metrosideros polymorpha, Wikstroemia oahuensis, Rauvolfia sandwicensis, Psychotria mariniana and cliff species of Euphorbia celastroides var hanapepensis, Artemisia australis Preserved_Specimen Sub-shrub, 25 cm. tall, vegetative, ca. 100 plants in immediate area, mapped. Wood, K.R. 17751 Kauai BISH 2017-12-14
9 Schiedea apokremnos Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In mostly Alien veg. but with some degraded artemisia-Eragrostis variabilis cliffs with Sida fallax, Bidens, and weeds Leucaena leucocephala, Lantana, Pluchea, Sicyos, Rhyncelytrum repens Preserved_Specimen Shrubs 1 ft. ht. with flowers and some fruit, probably several hundred plants on cliffs Perlman, S. 14775 Kauai BISH 1995-04-25
10 Schiedea apokremnos Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details on a steep cliff face in a defile above the falls at the beach. Growing from a crack in the cliff. Preserved_Specimen Plant 40 cm. tall with several branches. Hobdy, R.W. 1657 Kauai BISH 1982-08-08
11 Schiedea apokremnos Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Mesic cliff w/ Hyptis pectinata, Leucaena leucocephala, Pluchea sp., Schiedea apokremnos, Eragrostis variabilis, Myoporum sandwicense, Abutilon grandifolium, Chenopodium oahuense, Lipochaeta connata. Preserved_Specimen Sub-shrub, one of the large SchApo in this area. Seven procumbent branches 1.5 to 2 ft long. Numerous new sprouts at base. LVs clustered toward apex. Lvs succulent gull green. Tangalin, N. 2308 Kauai BISH 2010-05-02
12 Schiedea apokremnos Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dodonaea viscosa, Wilkesia gymnoxiphium, Lobelia niihauensis, Eragrostis variabilis, Lantana, Psidium guajava, Lipochaeta connata, Eugenia reinwardtiana, Chamaesyce celastroides, Bidens cervicata, Artemisia Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 5320 Kauai BISH 1996-06-20
13 Schiedea apokremnos Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Crevices of cliffs. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 26688 Kauai BISH 1965-04-23
14 Schiedea apokremnos Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen 1 of 7 clumps growing in close proximity. 7 m. up cliff in 75 cm. sq. clump. In flower and seed Wood, K.R. 361 Kauai BISH 1990-06-08
15 Schiedea apokremnos Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing on cliff above trail. Preserved_Specimen Several small plants 6-18 tall. Flowers green. Cuddihy, L.W. 304 Kauai BISH 1980-04-09
16 Schiedea apokremnos Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Lowland dry shrubland - North-facing dry cliffs, surviving on vertical rocky cliffs W/Heteropogon contortus, Myoporum sandwicensis, Wildesia hobdyi, Lantana camara, Grevillea robusta, Pluchea carolinensis, Leucaena leucocephala, Hyptis pectinata Preserved_Specimen Small fleshy shrubs growing directly of of crack in the rock cliff face. Some of the leaves are reddish near tips. Plants to be boith in bud and with spent/old infructescences Williams, A.M. 61 Kauai BISH 2014-08-01
17 Schiedea apokremnos Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Kauai BISH 1984-07-16
18 Schiedea apokremnos Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lydgate, J.M. Kauai BISH
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