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Carex nealiae

R.W.Krauss (1950)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Cyperaceae Genus: Carex

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Monoecious perennial herbs.

Stems: Rhizome distinct, branching, lignescent, becoming caespitose at the apex, basal scales 4–6 mm. wide, 1–4 cm. long, brown, fibrillose, 2–5 per culm, caducous, fertile culm, 1.5–2 mm. wide, 30–45 cm. long, triangular in cross section, erect, stiff, striate, smooth on the angles, brown.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. 3-ranked. Blades 4–5 mm. wide, 15–50 cm. long, slender; erect, 3–10 per culm, V–shaped, often folded to the apex, long, tapering, usually exceeding the inflorescence. Margins entire, sparely scabrous on the upper margins, smooth below. Sheathing; sheaths closed by a hyaline membrane splitting almost at inception, holding culms and leaves in slender bundles 9–15 cm. above the base, dark brown. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescence 3–4 mm. wide, 4–6 cm. long, apical, erect, branching, one spike per node, 1–5 nodes per inflorescence, lower internodes 1–2 cm. long, the upper shorter, each node enclosed by a leafy bract, the lower 10~15 cm: long, the upper shorter; spikes 3–4 mm. wide, 1.5–5 cm. long, androgynous except the terminal spike which is staminate, densely flowered, peduncles 3– 5 mm. long, enclosed by a split ochrea 1–2 mm. long, purple–spotted at the apex; pistillate bracts 1.5 mm. wide, 2.5 mm. long, ovate, predominantly strongly emarginate with a single white dorsal nerve sometimes extending into a short awn, margins hyaline, red to purple; staminate bracts 1.5 mm. wide, 5 mm. long, lanceolate, emarginate, white along dorsal nerve, red to purple in margins. perigynia 1.5– 2 mm wide, 3–4 mm long, ovoid or broadly so, bi-convex, short stipitate , strongly 5–6– nerved, brown , chartaceous, numerously spotted with reddish glands; rostrum tapering to an entire apex. Flowers unisexual. Corolla (petals) absent. Ovary superior; styles splitting into two spreading stigmas at the apex of the rostrum; stigmas 2–3 mm. long, glandular.

Fruit: Achenes obovoid; bi–convex; more convex on one side than the other; minutely rugose; dark brown. Seeds 1; seed coat thin; free from pericarp; embryo basal; endosperm abundant.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Growing in bogs and pools in pahoehoe lava in full sun.

Elevation Range: above 915 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

O'ahu Unknown
Maui Endemic
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Specimens

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Bibliography

Name Published In: Pacific Sci. 4: 267 (1950)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1390 (M, H [as C. thunbergii]); Dragon & Barrington 2009:1898, 1906/Wagner et al. 2012:79 (C. thunbergii misapplied = C. nealae, status change from ind? to end); IPNI 2025 (spelling change to nealiae)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss Maui, Waianapanape, Haleakala. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C. N.; Krauss, R. W. 1191.M Maui US 8/20/2019
2 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss Keauhou Ranch, Kau District Growing in "Kiloa extremely stony much" - in wet much over pahoehoe substrate. Open disturbed Metrosideros - Acacia koa forest. Log jams over pools of standing water nearby. Growing with Carex alligata in full sun. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. Collector Number: 399 Hawaii BISH 10/15/1980
3 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss Kau District, Keauhou Ranch. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN J. Davis 399 Hawaii US 10/15/1980
4 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss east maui, eastern outer slope of haleakala, 2 miles northeast of paliku cabins PRESERVED_SPECIMEN j. s. henrickson & r. vogl 3563 Molokai US 6/19/1969
5 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss Kau District, Keauhou Ranch. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. 399 Hawaii US 10/15/1980
6 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss kau district, keauhou ranch. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN j. davis 399 Hawaii US 10/15/1980
7 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss East Maui, eastern outer slope of Haleakala, 2 miles northeast of Paliku Cabins PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Henrickson, J. S.; Vogl, R. 3563 Maui US 6/19/1969
8 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss maui, waianapanape, haleakala. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes & r. krauss 1191.m Maui US 8/20/1919
9 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss waianapanapa, haleakala, kipahulu-kuhiwa divide muddy lake shore PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. mitchell, a. collector number: 21012 Maui BISH 8/14/1945
10 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss Haleakala, Waianapanapa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 1187.M Maui BISH 8/20/1919
11 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss keauhou ranch, kau district Growing in "Kiloa extremely stony much" - in wet much over pahoehoe substrate. Open disturbed Metrosideros - Acacia koa forest. Log jams over pools of standing water nearby. Growing with Carex alligata in full sun. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN davis, j. collector number: 399 Hawaii BISH 10/15/1980
12 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss Keauhou Ranch, Kau District Growing in "Kiloa extremely stony much" - in wet much over pahoehoe substrate. Open disturbed Metrosideros - Acacia koa forest. Log jams over pools of standing water nearby. Growing with Carex alligata in full sun. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. 399 Hawaii BISH 10/15/1980
13 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss upper Waiakea FR, pole 8 along powerline road, 100' E of road wet kipuka PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 5929 Hawaii BISH 7/6/1977
14 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss Waianapanapa, Haleakala, Kipahulu-Kuhiwa divide muddy lake shore PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 21012 Maui BISH 8/14/1945
15 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss E of Humuula, below Kalaieha pool on pahoehoe PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Neal, M.C. 698 Hawaii BISH 8/7/1935
16 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss East of Ukulele PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 861.M Maui BISH 7/20/1919
17 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss East Maui, Hana District, E Haleakala, 2 mi NE of Paliku Cabin, Wai Eleele below Wai Anapanapa with Carex alligata, C.svenonis, Luzula, Deschampsia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Henrickson, J.S. 3563 Maui BISH 6/19/1969
18 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss upper waiakea fr, pole 8 along powerline road, 100' e of road wet kipuka PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 5929 Hawaii BISH 7/6/1977
19 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss e of humuula, below kalaieha pool on pahoehoe PRESERVED_SPECIMEN neal, m.c. hartt, c. collector number: 698 Hawaii BISH 8/7/1935
20 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss haleakala, waianapanapa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 1187.m Maui BISH 8/20/1919
21 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss east maui, hana district, e haleakala, 2 mi ne of paliku cabin, wai eleele below wai anapanapa with Carex alligata, C.svenonis, Luzula, Deschampsia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN henrickson, j.s. vogl, r. collector number: 3563 Maui BISH 6/19/1969
22 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss east maui, haleakala, wai anapanapa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 1191.m Maui BISH 8/20/1919
23 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss Keawapilau Gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Welton, P. 637 Oahu BISH 1/20/1991
24 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss East Maui, Haleakala, Wai Anapanapa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 1191.M Maui BISH 8/20/1919
25 Carex nealiae R.W.Krauss east of ukulele Rain forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 861.m Maui BISH 7/20/1919
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